138 
THE CORAL TRIANGLE: HEARST BIODIVERSITY EXPEDITION 
greatly expanded, bulbous portion of the vagi¬ 
na just below the spherical, bursa copulatrix. 
The vagina again narrows and curves slightly 
before joining the genital opening. The albu¬ 
men and membrane glands are small and not 
well differentiated. The mucous gland com¬ 
prises the majority of the female gland mass. 
The penis of one specimen (CASIZ 185954) 
was cleared and stained (Fig 4B). The penis of 
this specimen is armed with small spines. The 
spines were difficult to distinguish due to their 
small size. These spines are estimated at a 
length of approximately 12 pm. 
Natural history.— This species 
appears to be active at night, but is often found 
on the undersurface of coral rubble during the 
system: scale bar = 1 mm. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; be, 
Discussion.— tuberculosa ^ursa copulatrix; fgm, female gland mass; p, penis; pr, 
differs from other described species of prostate; rs, receptaculum seminis; V, vagina; vd, vas defer- 
Gymnodoris by its general translucent white e^s. 
color, and the presence of translucent white tubercles. The other species of Gymnodoris that pos¬ 
sess prominent tubercles have tubercles that are pigmented, often from yellow to orange to red in 
color such as Gymnodoris aurita (Gould, 1852), or Gymnodoris ceylonica (Kelaart, 1858). The 
vagina of this species has a wide bulbous portion similar to that depicted for Gymnodoris inorna- 
ta, (Bergh, 1880). The depiction of part of the reproductive system of Gymnodoris alba (Bergh, 
1877) has a smaller, less pronounced, but similar structure. 
Gymnodoris pseudobrunnea Knutson and Gosliner, sp. nov. 
Figures 8, 9, 10 
Type material. — Holotype: CASIZ 185974, one specimen, Anilao Harbor, Anilao, Balayan 
Bay, Batangas Province, Luzon Island, Philippines, collected May 4, 2011, by Michelle Weber, 
subsampled for DNA, preserved specimen 5.0 mm in length with part of the “tail” missing. 
Paratypes: CASIZ 185960, one specimen, subsampled for DNA, preserved specimen 5.0 mm 
length with part of the “tail” missing, CASIZ 185962, one specimen, dissected, subsampled for 
DNA, preserved specimen 4.5 mm length with part of the “tail” missing, CASIZ 185967, one spec¬ 
imen, dissected, DNA subsampled, CASIZ 185969, one specimen, dissected, DNA subsampled, 
preserved specimen 6.2 mm in length with part of the “tail” missing, CASIZ 185981, one speci¬ 
men, subsampled for DNA, preserved specimen 3.0 mm length with part of the “tail” missing, all 
collected at Anilao Harbor, Anilao, Balayan Bay, Batangas Province, Luzon Island, Philippines, 
May 4, 2011, by Michelle Weber, except CASIZ 185981, which was collected by Alexis Principe. 
Etymology. — This species is named for its similarity in appearance to G. brunnea. 
Geographical distribution. — Currently known only from the type locality, the Anilao 
region in the Philippines. 
External morphology.— Preserved specimens were subsampled for DNA before they 
were measured and ranged 3.0-6.2 mm in size with a portion of the tail missing. Living G. pseudo¬ 
brunnea (Fig. 8A,B) are translucent and may have a slight brownish tinge, but the brownish col¬ 
oration is relatively subtle, if present. The foot is broad. The sides and dorsum of the body are cov- 
Figure 7. Gymnodoris tuberculosa sp. nov. reproductive 
