IWAMOTO & MCCOSKER: DEEP-WATER FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE EXPEDITION275 
Astronesthes ijimai Tanaka, 1908 (Fig. 31) 
Materlal.— CAS 233983 (10, 62.2-116.0 mm SL, DC-1284); HEPD-004, otter trawl in 154-245 m. CAS 
235379 (107 mm SL, DC-1336); HEPD-009, otter trawl in 322-336 m. 
Remarks.— The black bar on the caudal peduncle and abruptly raised VAL photophores immediately sepa¬ 
rate this species from all others except yl. hicifer Gilbert, 1905, which has a more slender caudal peduncle 
(depth 1.9-2.3 into lengtli). The CAS specimens agree relatively well with descriptions of the species 
except for the following counts (P 7 vs. 6; VAV 17 vs. 21-24; AC 15 vs. 11-13; VAL 20 vs. 21-23; OA 39 
vs. 40-42), which add a measure of uncertainty. 
Astronesthes lucifer Gilbert, 1905 (Fig. 32) 
Material.— CAS 235257 (2, 111-119 mm SL, DC-1335); HEPD-009, otter trawl in 322-336 m. 
Remarks.— The prominent black band on the ventral two-thirds of the caudal peduncle distinguishes the 
species from all othere except A. ijimai (see above). Distributed in the western Pacific from the Hawaiian 
Islands to southern Japan and Indonesia. 
Astronesthes sp. 
Material.— CAS 236664 (44 mm SL); HEPD-026, beam trawl in 82-86 m. 
Remarks.— This small specimen was damaged, with part of the abdominal wall tom away and the tip of bar¬ 
bel lost. The capture of this bathypelagic fish at this relatively shallow station is unusual. 
Melanostomiatidae (Scaleless black dragonfishes) 
Photonectes albipennis (Doderlein, 1882) (Fig. 33) 
Material.— CAS 235547 (82.7 mm SL, DC-1428); HEPD-016, otter trawl in 892-966 m. CAS 235558 (ca. 
225+ mm SL [severely bent vertebral column at thorax]); collection data lost. 
Remarks. — This black dragonfish is readily identified by its cuwed lower jaw, absence of a P fm, large pos¬ 
torbital photophore, and short barbel with a single filament on its bulbous tip. The CAS specimen has a 
long chin barbel measuring 64 mm (about 2x HL) with a filamentous tip (not included in measurement); 
base of baitel black, but all of remainder, including large, flattened bulb and tip witliout color. Widespread 
in the western Pacific from Japan soutli to Australia, including East and South China seas, off New Cale¬ 
donia, Hawaii and French Polynesia, and off South Africa. 
Argentinidae (Argentines, Herring smelts) 
Glossanodon sp. (Fig. 34) 
Material.— CAS 236020 (4, 76-80 mm SL, DC-1492); HEPD-022, otter hawl in 115-144 m. 
Remarks. — Paxton and Cohen {in Carpenter and Niem, 2001:1884) remarked on the need for a comprehen¬ 
sive revision of the family. The HEPD specimen does not agree with any of the known species and likely 
is undescribed. 
Synodontidae (Lizardfishes) 
Saurida sp. 
Material.— CAS 236481 (11,29.0-39.9 mm SL); HEPD-026, beam trawl in 82-86 m. 
Remarks.— We were unable to identify these juvenile specimens. 
Synodus macrops Tanaka, 1917? 
Material.— CAS 236482 (110 mm SL); HEPD-022, otter trawl in 115-144 m. 
Remarks.— This specimen agrees in count characters with S. macrops, but there are two or three short stripes 
on the cheek, a character that is found in S. oculeus Cressey and not in S. macrops, which has instead a 
single short bar immediately behind the eyes. 
Synodus oculeus Cressey, 1981? (Fig. 35) 
Material.— CAS 236488 (135 mm SL; DC-1495); HEPD-022, otter trawl in 115-144 m. 
