IWAMOTO & MCCOSKER: DEEP-WATER FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE EXPEDITION299 
Remarks.— This single specimen had counts of D 126, A 106, LL about 133, C about 8; body depth 24% of 
SL; upper eye almost equally ahgned with lower eye, die posterior comer of upper jaw about on same ver¬ 
tical as posterior margin of lower eye. Hiese characters place the specimen in either Cynoglossus abbre- 
viatiis (Gray, 1834) or C. gracilis using the keys provided by Nakabo (2000:1390) and Munroe (2001 in 
Caqienter and Niem, 2001: 3891-3894). Neither of these species has been reported from the area, howev¬ 
er, we tentatively assign the HEPD specimen to C. gracilis because of the more slender body, the relative 
positions of the eye, and the LL scale count. 
Cynoglossus sp. (Fig. 157a-b) 
Material.— CAS 236661 (5, 122-160 mm SL); HEPD-021, beam trawl in 132-172 m. CAS 236660 (4, 
132-148 mm SL); HEPD-022, otter trawl in 115-144 m. 
Remarks.— We could not identify these specimens. Using Munroe’s treatment of the family in the FAO 
Western Central Pacific volume (Caipcnter and Niem, 2001: 3890-3901), the specimens keyed out to 
C. microlepis or C. mccullochi based on the presence of 3 lateral lines, pigmented peritoneum and other 
characters. Specimens from HEPD-022 had somewhat lower counts of D (107-111 vs. 111-115), A(86-87 
vs. 86-90. Color on eyed side is light to medium brown with black median fins, and no other markings. 
Triacanthodidae (Spikefishes) 
Triacanthodes ethiops Alcock, 1894 (Fig. 158) 
Material.— CAS 235886 (73.4 mm SL, DC-1483); HEPD-022, otter trawl in 115-144 m. 
Remarks. — Distribution widespread from .lapan, Philippines, Indonesia, and east coast of Africa in depths 
of about 100-250 fm. Triacanthodes ethiops closely resembles T. anomaius (Temminck and Sclilegel, 
1850) from Japan and the China coast but differs in having fewer olfactory lamellae, a less convex interor¬ 
bital space, and slight differences in die pattern of stripes on body. 
Balistidae (Triggerfishes) 
Pseudobalistes flavimarginatiis (Ruppcll, 1829) 
Material.— CAS 236493 (28 mm SL); HEPD-006, otter trawl in 454-457 m. 
Remarks.— This is a widespread coastal, reef, and estuarine species found through most of the Indo-West 
Pacific, from the coast of Africa east to the Tuamotus in die South Pacific, and north to Japan. The single 
juvenile taken during the HEPD ciuise was likely taken in near-surface waters. 
Monacanthidae (Filefishes) 
Cantherhines sp. 
Material.— CAS 236484 (2, 41^3 mm SL); HEPD-030, beam trawl in 185-190 m. 
Remarks. — The pelvic fm of the smaller specimen is absent (damaged). These specimens cannot be identi¬ 
fied with any certainty. 
?Cantherhines sp. 
Material.— CAS 236486 (17 mm SL); HEPD-026, beam trawl in 82-86 m. 
Remarks.— This specimen is too small to identify to genus or species. 
Par anion acanthus cf. curtorhynchos (Bleeker, 1855) (Fig. 159) 
Material.— CAS 236485 (2, 48.5-54.0 mm SL, DC-1475); HEPD-021, beam trawl in 132-172 m. CAS 
233262 (female, 41.3 mm SL); HEPD-022, otter trawl in 115-144 m. 
Remarks.— Tliis juvenile specimen has the proportions and coloration oiParamonacanthus japonicus (Tile- 
sius, 1809)(see Masuda et al. 1984: pi. 3265a), fonnerly considered to be widespread from the Bay of Ben¬ 
gal to Fiji, Australia, the Philippines, and throughout the East Indian Region, Allen and Erdman (2012: 
1075) limit the distribution of that species to Japan and recognize previous identifications of individuals 
extralimital to Japan to be P. curtorhynchos (Bleeker, 1855). Our specimen has D 11,25, A 25, and P 12, 
