GONZALES & GOSLINER: NEW SPECIES OF PHILINE FROM THE INDO-PACIFIC 365 
CASIZ 189337, ST HEPD 19, beam trawl in muddy sand with pebbles, 541-636 m depth, western 
end of Verde Island Passage, southeast end of Golo Island, Batangas Province, Luzon, Philippines, 
13.5895°N, 120.4155°E, 1 June 2011, Hearst Expedition Deep Sea Team. 
Geographical Distribution.— Thus far, this species is known only from the western end 
of the Verde Island Passage separating southern Luzon and northern Mindoro. 
Etymology.— The name dentiphallus refers to the comb-like row of denticles along the lobe 
of the penial papilla, a characteristic that distinguishes this species from other members of the Phi- 
line aperta clade (sensu Price et al. 2011). 
Natural History. — This species has been found in muddy sand with small pebbles. No prey 
items were found in the gizzard and no other infonnation about its feeding ecology is known. 
Description. — External morphology: The living animals (Fig. IE) ai*e 8 to 9 mm in length 
and 5 mm wide. The body color of the living animal is uniformly white with yellowish pigment in 
the mantle cavity on the ventral side. The roughly trapezoidal cephalic shield is longer than the pos¬ 
terior shield and is not indented posteriorly. The parapodia are relatively short, reaching the cephal¬ 
ic shield, but leaving the anterior and posterior shields almost entirely visible (Fig. 7A). The pos¬ 
terior end of the posterior shield is blunt and has a rounded posterior terminal. The gill is simply 
plicate consisting of eight primary folds and is situated ventrally on the right posterior end of the 
animal. 
Shell (Fig.6A): The shell was damaged during collection in the trawl and was fragmented. It 
was quite broad with a relatively low profile, where it occupies the majority of the posterior shield. 
Most of the shell lacks sculpture but the innermost whorls show remnants of spiral sculpture that 
is partially covered by a smooth outer layer of additional calcification. 
Digestive system (Figs. 6B-E, 7B): The buccal mass is relatively small, occupying the anteri¬ 
or quarter of the anterior shield. The buccal bulb has a relatively small radula. The radular formu¬ 
la in the paratype specimen is 20 x 1.1.0.1,1. (Fig. 6D). The inner lateral teeth (Fig. 6E) are large 
and broad with a curved prominent cusp. Their masticatory margin has a series of up to 64 elon¬ 
gate, closely crowded denticles. The outer lateral tooth is narrow and elongate with an elongate, 
curved cusp. There is a large ventral oral gland and small dorsal oral glands. At the posterior end 
of the buccal mass, near the junction with the crop, is a pair of short salivary glands. The gizzard 
is large and highly muscular (Fig. 7B), much wider than the buccal bulb. There are three equal¬ 
sized gizzard plates (Fig. 6B) that are elongate with rounded apices. The central region contains an 
elongate, narrow longitudinal bar that occupies the central third of the plate. On the outer sides of 
bar is a pair of large, deep ovoid depressions. There is no organized pattern of fine microscopic net¬ 
work on the gizzard plates, although a fibrous network is evident (Fig. 6C). The gizzard narrows 
posteriorly and enters the digestive gland. The intestine emerges fi*om the right side of the diges¬ 
tive gland and temiinates near the posterior end of the body near the base of the gill. 
Central Nen’ous System (Fig. 7C): The circumesophageal nerve ring consists of paired cere¬ 
bral, pedal and pleural ganglia and a single supraintestinal ganglion immediately posterior to the 
right pleural ganglion. The cerebral and pedal commissures are both somewhat elongate with well- 
separated respective ganglia. On the ventral side of the buccal mass near the enfiance of the esoph¬ 
agus are the buccal ganglia wliich are immediately adjacent to each other. From the posterior end 
of the anterior nerve ring the right branch of the visceral loop the osphradial nerve extends poste¬ 
riorly from the supraintestinal ganglion. The two lateral branches of the visceral loop join posteri¬ 
orly at the posterior ganglia. The left visceral loop enters the subintestinal ganglion, while the right 
lateral nerve enters the visceral ganglion. The visceral ganglion is larger than the subintestinal gan¬ 
glion. From the visceral ganglion is the genital nerve, which does not appear to have a distinct gen¬ 
ital ganglion. 
