LEVITON, BROWN, & SILER: PHILIPPINE VENOMOUS SNAKES 
495 
gitudinal rows at midbody; subcaudals paired; venom glands eonfmed to head region; hypapophy- 
ses present throughout vertebral column. 
General features of Philippine species. — Scales in 15 longitudinal rows throughout; 6 
upper labials, rarely 7; anterior temporal in contact with 2 upper labials; preocular in contact with 
nasal; color pattern consists of an alternating series of broad black and red rings that are separated 
by narrow white annuli (in adults both dorsal and lateral portions of red rings become heavily 
infused with black pigment). 
Remarks. — See Remarks under Calliophis (above). 
Hemibungams calligaster (Weigmann, 1834) 
[Annulated or Barred] Philippine Coral Snake 
Figures 8B, 9, 33 
Elaps calligaster WiQgxrmm, 1834:253, pi. 20, fig. 2 (Type loeality: Manila, Luzon Island). 
Hemibungarus calligaster, Taylor, 1922a:269, pi. 33, figs. 1-2, pi. 34, figs. 1-2.— Castoe et al., 2007 
Calliophis calligaster calligaster, Leviton, 1964:543. 
Description. — Black rings on body not 
divided by narrow white annuli; narrow white 
annuli on dorsum of body 44-75; temporal region 
more or less heavily pigmented with melanin, with 
a distinct light vertical postocular stripe and a diag¬ 
onal nuchal chevron bordering the area; ventrals 
223-259 {S 223-233, ? 252-259); subcaudals 
16-22 (cJ 17-22, ? 13-30). 
Size. — Total length (cJ) 515 mm, ($) 504 
mm; tail length (cJ) 28 mm, ($) 28 mm. 
Distribution. — Endemic to Philippines (Luzon 
na, Quezon, Rizal]; Mindoro). 
Hemibungarus gemianulis Peters, 1872 
[Double-barred] Philippine Coral Snake 
Hemibungarus gemianulis Peters, 1872:587 (Type loeality: “Philippine Ids.”) 
Hemibungarus calligaster (part) Taylor, 1922a:269. 
Calliophis calligaster gemianulis, Leviton, 1964:545. 
Description. — Black rings on body divided by narrow white annuli; white annuli on dorsum 
60-83; temporal region either light (cream or reddish) or very lightly spotted with melanin; ven¬ 
trals 196-227; subcaudals 15-21. 
Size. — Total length {S) 551 mm, ($) 478 mm; tail length (cJ) 32 mm, ($) 28 mm. 
Distribution. — Endemic to Philippines (Cebu; Negros; Panay). 
Hemibungarus mcclungi Taylor, 1922 
MeClung’s Philippine Coral Snake 
Hemibungarus mcclungi Taylor, 1922a:272, pi. 33, pi. 34, figs. 3-4 (Type locality: Polillo). 
Calliophis calligaster mcclungi, Leviton, 1964:547. 
Description. — Black rings on body not divided above by narrow white annuli; narrow white 
annuli on body 46 (but white often obscured by melanin pigmentation); temporal region pigment¬ 
ed; ventrals 206; subcaudals 23. 
Figure 33. Hemibungarus calligaster . Photo by 
Cameron Siler. 
[Prov.: Albay, Bataan, Camarines Sur, Lagu- 
