Wat 
FEEDING  OF  YOUNG  PIGS.  j 
An  exj>crieiic©d  farmer,  witli  whom  we  re¬ 
cently  eoiiversed,  wii<i  ho  alwavB  had  good  luck 
with  pigs,  and  a  viait  to  his  sties  confirmed  the 
assertion.  Some  notes  on  bis  management  can 
hardly  fad  to  prove  interesting. 
The  prevalent  idea  that  pigs  should  bo  kept 
constantly  growing  is  a  gootl  one,  but  liable,  j 
nevertheless,  to  misloa*!.  It  is  not  beat  to  stutf 
pigs  as  full  as  they  will  hold,  and  especially  those 
just  weaned.  ITic  sncldng  pig  gets  his  rations 
often  and  in  moderate  quantities  of  food  the 
simplest  and  most  easily  digested.  The  sow’s 
milk  is  full  of  flesh  and  bone-forming  material, 
and  promotes  a  steady,  uniform  growtii,  building 
up  a  frame  without  too  great  accumulating  fat. 
Weaning  tiine  is  naturally  and  justly  regarded 
as  a  critical  period,  and  here  is  where  fanners 
are  apt  to  err  hi  high  feeding  witli  rich  and  con- 
centiated  food.  Cow's  milk  is  excellent,  and  if 
most  of  the  cream  has  been  skimmed  off  it  prob¬ 
ably  comes  nearer  the  pig’s  natural  food  at  tliis 
tender  age.  than  any  other.  But  milk  is  rejected 
as  not  rich  and  ••fatteiiuig”  enough,  and  corn 
meal,  the  most  eonoenti’atod  kind  of  fixd.  is  sub¬ 
stituted  in  iU  stead.  Now  corn  meal  is  altogether 
too  difficult  of  digestion  for  w’eaning  pigs,  and  at 
most  should  only  be  given  in  small  proportions,  j 
With  an  exclusive  corn  meal  diet  the  young  pigs  i 
will  stop  growing  longer  or  larger  framed  and 
begin  to  pile  on  tho  fat  on  carcasses  too  small 
for  profitable  feeding.  A  great  deal  better  plan 
is  to  oontlnue  feeding  milk,  and  this  sparingly, 
adding  a  little  bran  and  a  very  small  quantity  of 
corn  meal.  Hiis  lost  can  be  iua-eased  as  the 
pigs  become  accustomed  to  Ure  change  of  diet 
and  their  stomach  will  hear  a  stronger-  food.  The 
wheat  brarr  and  skim  milk  supply  the  pbos- 
CcKE  FOB  THE  New  Hoo  DISEASE. — W®  have 
recently  pubhshed  reports  of  a  new  and  danger¬ 
ous  hog  disease  now  prevailing  in  the  Western 
States.  Hon.  T.  0.  Jones  of  Ohio,  publishes  In 
the  Delaware,  O,,  Gazette,  tho  following  ponevent 
ivo  tieatmciit  with  directions  what  to  do  in 
case  of  an  attack  "  A  mixture  of  one  |>eck  of 
asheH,  four  pounds  of  salt,  seven  pounds  of  cop¬ 
peras,  and  one  pound  of  sulphur,  kei>t  constantly 
in  a  trough,  is  of  great  service.  If  preslispoeed 
to  cholera,  hogs  will  eat  it  more  freely  than  w’heir 
free  from  all  symptoms.  If  a  hog  gets  doAvn, 
try  to  get  into  him  a  gill  of  coal  oil  in  slops ;  it 
has  somctinics  been  effective  when  other  reme¬ 
dies  have  failed," 
(Dur  premium 
THE  FAKMEES’  FAVORITE  GRAIN 
DRILL. 
The  Rubal  New-Yoekeb  “believes  in”  drill¬ 
ing  grain,  and  it  is  orrly  in  continuation  of  its 
every-day  work  in  improving  the  methods  of 
ator  to  turn  the  guards  up  or  down  at  will,  is  an 
important  feature  of  this  machine.  Its  inclosed 
gearing,  keeping  out  dirt  from  the  running  ma¬ 
chinery,  is  another,  'fbose  wishing  one  of  the 
very  best  of  mowers  cannot  procure  it  more 
ea^y  or  mote  cheaply  than  by  securing  75  sub¬ 
scribers  to  the  RtrBAl.  New-Yorker  at  *2.65,  or 
115  at  3>2.15,  and  receive  a  two-home  Warrior 
Mower  as  a  premium,  or  for  70  subscribers  at 
$2.65,  or  110  at  $2.15,  we  will  send  one  of  their 
celebrated  one-horse  machine. 
£:i)r  IjfriJsiuan. 
fanning,  that  its  Publisher  has  made  arrange¬ 
ments  whereby  energetic  fanners  may  possess 
themselves  of  a  first-class  Seed  and  Grain  Drill, 
phatos  which  build  up  the  pig’s  frame,  while  a  |  by  seeming  subscribers  to  the  Farmers’  Favorite 
very  little  corn  meal  will  supply  tho  fat-fonning  .Journal.  Among  Grain  Drills,  the  Farmers' 
material  which  is  taken  from  milk  in  cream,  and  Favorite  is  that  manufactured  by  Bickford  A 
at  a  greatly  reduced  cost.  At  no  time  should  Hcffman,  Miuedou,  N.  Y.,  and  frequently  oom- 
pigs  be  starved  or  stinted,  but  it  is  important  to  jnended  in  the  Kceal  columns.  It  has  a  tertili- 
remember  that  pigs  may  be  dwarfisl  by  feeding  zer  attachment,  distributing  guano,  superphos- 
too  much  and  too  rich  food  and  with  as  bad  re-  jfliate,  plaster,  or  any  finely-divided  manure  with 
suits  as  from  feeding  too  little.  Great  care  is  the  seed,  so  that  the  plant  has  a  vigorous  growth 
needed  in  feisling  any  kind  of  very  young  anl-  from  the  start.  A  small  quantity  of  manure 
mal,  and  tlie  pig,  being  especially  piggifth  in  his  distrilmted  in  this  way  will  often  double  the  crop, 
greed,  is  pai'ticularly  liable  to  injury  from  eating  jmd  will  always  much  mon?  than  pay  the  cost  of 
too  heartily.  With*  all  young  animals  growth  ajiplying  it.  One  of  these  drills  with  fertilizer 
rather  tlian  fat  should  lie  aimed  at,  and  phos-  '  attochmoutiis  an  impoilant  and  almost  neocessary 
pliatic  foods  should  be  given  as  far  as  possible,  i  article  for  Improved  farming,  and  vshijfiver  pro- 
CorU  in  every  stage  belongs  to  tho  last  and  fat-  euros  one  in  a  neighborhood,  can  make  a  baud- 
tening  stage  of  feeding  of  any  kind  of  stock,  in-  goms  income  every  year  by  hiring  it  to  neigh- 
stead  of  being  used  iudiscrimiiiately  for  stock  of  hors  at  25  to  50  cents,  or  more,  jier  acre.  We  are 
all  ages.  able  to  offer  these  diills  made  in  the  very  best 
style,  with  aU  the  attachments,  costing  $130,  for 
130  subscribers  at  .$2.15  each,  or  80  gubsenbers 
at  .$2.65  each.  Thus,  at  our  lowest  club  rates, 
each  subscription  counts  one  dollar  towards  the 
price  of  a  superior  giain  drill,  an  article  which, 
on  your  own  and  n<-igbbora’  farm,  will  pay  for 
itself  within  two  years  after  purchasing. 
- - - - 
THE  WARRIOR  MOWER, 
The  spirited  engraving  of  Uiis  implement  rep¬ 
resents  a  scene  pleasantly  familiar  to  Rural  read¬ 
ers.  The  Wan-ior  Mower  is  de.servedly  popular 
WEIGHT  OF  PIGS  FOE  MARKET. 
It  was  only  a  few  years  ago  that  swine  breeders 
were  vieing  witli  each  other  for  the  greatest 
weight  of  carcass ;  but  this  is  now  all  changed. 
Hogs  that  will  weigh  600  pounds  ai-e  sold  at  a 
less  price  per  pound  than  those  of  260  to  300 
liounds.  The  market  in  England  has  long 
favored  hght  weights.  London  is  chiefly  buji- 
pUed  with  pigs  of  less  than  200  pounds  weight. 
And  this  tendency  of  the  market  to  pigs,  well 
fatted,  but  of  small  weight,  is  just  what  the 
farmer  should  encourage,  for  it  is  exactly  in  the 
hne  of  his  interest.  It  costs  more  to  make  the 
second  hundred  pounds  of  a  pig  than  the  first, 
and  still  more  to  make  the  thii-d  hundred  pounds, 
and  so  every  iwund  added  becomes  more  expen¬ 
sive. 
Several  years  liave  proved  that  well  fattened 
pigs  of  250  pounds  weight  find  the  greatest  favor 
in  tho  market,  and  this  fact  should  change  the 
whole  system  of  pig  raising  and  fattening. 
Insteml  of  keeping  them  tiU  eighteen  to  twenty 
months  old,  they  should  never  be  kept  beyond 
twelve  months,  except  for  breeding,  and  seldom 
beyond  nine  or  ton  montiis.  The  great  effort 
should  be  to  induce  oaily  maturity  in  our  pigs 
and  thus  shorten  the  period  of  feeding,  and  con- 
seqnoutly  lessen  the  cost  per  pound  of  producing 
pork.  Tliis  is  a  matter  of  much  greater  import¬ 
ance  tlian  pork  raisers  generally  realize.  We 
think  any  well-conducted  experinient  would  sliow 
that  ton  pigs  coi'ried  over  the  wiiitei*  in  store  | 
condition,  as  is  usual,  and  fattencsi  at  eighteen 
or  twenty  months,  cost,  per  pound,  of  live  weight, 
twice  as  much  as  another  ten  of  equal  qnalitv', 
full  fed  and  fattened  at  nine  or  ten  months. 
There  would  not  be  so  much  difference  in  cost 
per  pound  if  the  pigs  were  full  fed  for  the  whole 
eighteen  or  twenty  nionth.s ;  but  even  then  the 
difference  would  be  at  least  fifty  per  cent,  in 
favor  of  early  maturity.  And  this  matter  of 
early  maturity  is  entirely  within  the  control  of 
the  breeder.  A  ci'oss  of  Berkshire,  Essex, 
Suffolk,  small  Yorkshire,  or  other  early-maturing 
breeds,  upon  our  best  common  sows,  will  produce 
the  desired  result.  But  this  system  has  no 
period  of  strong  animals;  it  must  be  one  con¬ 
stant  progress  from  the  first  to  the  last  day  in 
the  life  of  the  pig. 
SUGGESTIONS  ABOUT  FATTENING  | 
ANIMALS. 
A  correspondent  of  the  New  England  Farmer  I 
writing  from  Prance,  sends  some  curious  and 
interesting  speculations  as  to  the  effect  of  shear-  , 
ing  or  clipping  animals  intended  to  be  fatUtned. 
It  is  not  jii  obable  that  tlie  elfetd  is  marked  enough 
to  be  of  practical  imisirtance.  though  the  experi-  i 
ment  can  he  easily  tried :  of  course,  w  aiting  until  | 
w'armer  weather  before  nature's  coveiing  for 
animals  is  removed.  That  sheep  unsheared  do 
not  thrive  as  well  is  exi>lainable  by  the  fact  that  a 
heavy  coat  of  wool  in  summer,  keeps  the  animal 
uncomfortably  warm.  Also  that  it  bolds  and  I 
retains  wet  next  to  the  skin  of  tlie  sheep  after  1 
heavy  rains.  With  these  comments,  we  give  the 
correspondent's  suggestions  for  whatever  they  j 
may  be  worth.  He  says ; 
Exixrience  attests  that  sheep  when  shorn 
fatten  more  rapidly  tliau  those  left  in  the  posses¬ 
sion  of  their  flocco ;  horses  lean  or  even  sickly 
put  on  flesh  (pilcUly  if  clipiicd  in  due  season  and 
with  tho  ordinary  precautions.  Animals  thus 
treated  w^quire  an  inen-ased  appetite,  and  main¬ 
tain  the  desire  for  more  food  for  a  longer  perioil. 
M.  Wkibke  of  l*roHkeau,  has  conducted  experi¬ 
ments  with  great  care  to  test  Uie  facts  found  to 
be  true  by  practice.  He  selected  two  full  grown 
merinos,  in  good  healtii,  equal  in  age,  and  nearly 
80  in  weight.  Tliey  were  fed  on  2X  lbs.  of 
meadow  hay,  lb,  of  crushed  barley,  and  less 
tlian  quarter  of  au  omice  of  Isiteben  salt  dally ; 
their  solid  and  Uqnid  excrements  were  specially 
piv:aerved,  and  frequently  analysed  contempo¬ 
raneously  with  their  food  ;  they  were  supplied 
with  a  fixed  quantity  of  water  daily,  and  were 
weighed  every  morning  the  temirerature  of  the 
building  dming  the  experiments  was  nearly  uni¬ 
form.  After  being  thus  treated  for  seven  days, 
no  perceptible  difference  was  discovered  in  their 
relative  weights.  After  an  interval  of  ton  days 
they  were  shorn;  the  appetite  which  had  ap¬ 
peared  languishing  suddenly  became  sbai-p. 
The  shearing  oxeroised  httle  influence  on  tlie  di¬ 
gestibility  of  the  food,  and  any  difference  was 
unfavorable  to  the  shearing  ;  on  the  other  hand, 
the  animals  consumed  less  water,  pulmonary 
and  iusenaible  perspiration  having  diminished  as 
in  practice  is  known  tc>  be  the  case.  But  more 
nitrogen  was  eliminated,  that  is,  less  went  to  the 
formation  of  meat,  though  uo  change  had  taken 
place  either  in  quantity  or  quahty  of  food. 
Shearing  then  is  apparently  unfavorable  to  nu¬ 
trition  ;  the  loss  of  the  fleece  is  the  loss  of  so 
much  heat,  demanding  the  greater  consumption 
of  food,  in  other  words  producing  a  more 
vigorous  appetite.  For  draught  animals,  this 
tite  is  a  compensation,  for  the  animals  will 
thereby  put  on  more  flesh,  and  to  maintain  the 
appetite  in  an  excellent  state,  dnriug  the  finishing 
stage  of  fattening,  is  tho  object  to  be  realized. 
Mom  f«al  ineatj.s  thus  more  beef  and  mutton, 
and  hence  the  advantage  of  the  shorn  over  the 
uii.shorn  animals. 
- ♦  ♦ - 
MAKING  THE  MOST  OF  A  STEER. 
At  the  abattoirs  of  New  York  there  is  nothing 
of  a  steer  lost  after  it  is  slaughtered :  every  part 
of  its  substance  is  iise/J  for  some  purpose,  even 
to  the  blood.  Tbe  handling  uf  the  bullocks 
after  Uioy  are  penned  up  for  slaughter  is  thus 
[  descrilied  by  a  correspondent  of  the  New  York 
Bulletin: 
“  The  way  they  kill  a  steer  is  this  : — A  man 
'  gets  in  behind  tho  steers  and  throws  a  rope 
I  around  tlie  hind  leg  of  one.  Then  he  signals 
two  men  who  pull  on  a  w  indlass  till  the  head  of 
the  steer  is  above  the  ground.  Then  the  throat 
is  cut  and  the  blood  flows  into  pans.  A  steer 
generally  gives  three  panfuls  of  blood.  Then 
I  the  lot  of  savages — ^the  skinner,  logger  aiai  en- 
'  trail  <lrawer— i>ouuce  upon  the  carcass  as  a  very 
'  hungry  man  assails  a  beefateak,  and  in  a  very 
short  time  it  is  a  carcass  of  dressed  beef,  ready 
for  market.  Tho  buteljCTH  pay  rental  for  pens 
for  storage  and  slaughter,  and  bring  their  stock 
I  over  the  Pennsjlvania  Railroad. 
1  “  Tbe  Abattoir  Company  moke  everything  pay 
profit.  They  salt  the  hides  down  long  enough  lo 
set  the  hair.  Then  they  shake  out  the  salt  and 
ship  them  to  Europe  aud  all  parts  of  the  United 
Htates.  The  unsalahlo  portions  of  the  hides  are 
made  into  glue,  the  horns  into  buttons,  combs, 
etc.,  and  the  inside  of  them  into  bone  lime;  the 
Ismes  into  various  articles  of  commerce.  The 
fat  is  rendered  and  tbe  offal  made  into  a  fertilizer 
at  ITie  Meadows — a  station  about  four  miles  out 
on  the  road  from  Jersey  City,  where  tlie  hog 
abattoir  and  tlie  repair  shops  are  situated. 
*•  The  bloOil  Is  pouix-d  from  the  pans  into  non 
tanks  and  run  under  a  chotfc  pipe  to  cook.  It 
goes  up  an  elevator  ami  down  the  chute,  then  to 
j  a  dryer,  and  by  various  systems  of  manipulaliou 
finally  reaches  the  stage  where  it  is  reduced  60 
I  {Mar  cent,  and  contains  17  per  cent,  ammonia.  It 
I  is  almo.st  an  itujialpablo  powder,  and  is  worth  $50 
per  ton.  This  place  (urns  out  a  ton  and  a  half 
I  of  it  iver  day. 
'  “  The  Abattoir  Company  do  not  allow  anytliing 
— hides,  pieces,  bones,  homs,  blood  or  offal  of 
,  any  kind— to  be  thrown  away,  because  there  is 
I  money  in  every  particle  of  the  beef.  They  have 
the  offal  and  bones  carted  away  to  their  destina- 
'  tioua — tho  bone  factory  and  fertilizing  estabUsh- 
j  menl  — immeffiately  upon  the  accumulation  of  a 
I  car  load,  and  the  place  is  cleaned  np  every  day. 
I  “Tlie  theory  that  filth  congregatea  about  an 
abattoii-,  or  that  the  river  is  fiUod  up  by  the  offal 
thrown  overboard,  is  dispelled  by  the  facts.  The 
I  Board  of  liealth  of  Jersey  City  are  convinced 
ibat  there  is  nothing  about  a  well-conducted 
j  abattoii-  that  is  deleterious  to  the  public  health.” 
THE  WARRIOR  MOWER, 
and  is  known  in  all  sections  of  the  country. 
Manufactured  in  Little  Palls,  N.  Y.,  luider  the 
personal  supervision  of  tho  inventor,  it  has  the 
guarantee  of  both  parties  that  none  but  the  best 
material  shall  he  put  in  each  machine,  and  it  is 
warranted,  therefore,  to  be  perfect  in  its  kind, 
as  ai-e  aU  tlie  implements  manufaetui-ed  by  this 
Company.  The  tilting  lever,  enabling  the  oper- 
resnlt  is  beneficial,  for  it  stimulates  the  sources 
of  sti-ength ;  horses  when  clipped  become  more 
energetic,  lively  aud  robust,  and  if  they  display 
an  improved  condition  without  any  change  in  ra¬ 
tions,  tbe  cause  must  be  sought  In  a  better  appe¬ 
tite  or  superior  assimilation  of  food.  In  tbe 
case  of  fatteumg  stock,  if  tins  power  of  assimila¬ 
tion  be  a  little  less,  the  amelioration  of  the  appe- 
EN6LISH  LATE  APPLES. 
Mr.  Pyrub  JIalds  in  English  Journal  of  Hor¬ 
ticulture  says : — Good  keeping  apples  are  tho 
most  useful  of  fruits.  A  stoj-e  which  lasts  iu 
good  condition  mouth  aftei-  month,  in  the  spring 
and  summer  period  of  the  year,  is  a  store  of 
great  value.  This  is  the  period  of  the  year  to 
test  the  relative  value  of  varieties.  If  they  keep 
until  now  in  a  fresh,  crisi>  state,  they  are  woi-thy 
of  honorable  mention.  Even  as  much  so— dare 
I  write  it— as  aie  sweet  socmted  roses.  Which 
are  really  the  best  late  sorts?  I  mean  those 
which  bear  well  and  keep  well  without  any 
special  care.  It  would  be  interesting,  and  par¬ 
ticularly  useful,  if  those  haring,  or  who  have 
had  until  recently,  sound  apples,  could  let  us 
know’  their  names  and  a  sketch  of  the  conditions 
under  wliich  they  have  been  preserved.  Mere 
size  is  not  so  much  an  object ;  neither  is  a  veiy 
high  standard  of  quality  to  go  for  too  much  at 
this  season.  Free  beai-iug,  late  keeping,  good, 
useful  apples  are  the  kinds  of  which  I  Uiink  in- 
fonnatiou  would  be  acceptable.  There  is  no 
difficult}  in  having  good  apples  in  the  winter, 
but  we  want  them  now  and  until  apples  come 
again.  What  are  the  best  for  culinaiy  purposes 
gnd  for  dessert  ?  I,  for  one,  should  be  glad  to 
know,  and  I  feel  sure  the  infonnation  would  be 
generally  acceptable.  Three  apples,  which  for  a 
uianber  of  years  I  have  found  the  most  valuable, 
are  Stunner  Pippin,  desert ;  small,  free  bearer, 
and  keeps  fresh  in  a  dark  aud  not  too  dry  cellar, 
throughout  June,  Striped  Beefing ;  large,  sunny 
side,  red,  a  good  beai'er  and  sound  until  June. 
Gooseberry  apple ;  medium  sized,  great  bearer, 
very  fii'm  throughout  June,  and  often  useable 
until  August.  What  is  the  experience  of  others 
with  these  and  other  soi’ts  ? 
- ♦  - 
Look  out  for  the  apples  about  these  days,  and 
sort  out  those  likely  to  decay. 
