^Mm 
»-  .€t573l3^  -••  • 
VOL.  XXXIII.  No.  1. 
WHOLE  No.  1333.  ! 
NEW  YORK,  AND  ROCHESTER,  N.  Y,  JAN.  1,  1876. 
[Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  tUe  ye^vr  1876,  by  the  Rural  Publishing  Company,  la  the  office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress  ut  Washington.] 
PRICE  sx2t  rrNTN. 
S*J.«5  PElt  VI  H. 
FARMEBS  AND  THE  CENTENNIAL.. 
THE  AGEICULTITEAL  BEILDIHG. 
^WiTF.K  Emkiwos  wrote  tbo  commemorative 
poem  on  the  battle  of  Lexington,  no  more  note- 
wortliy  lines  rippc.ar«d  than  these ; 
“  Iluru’i  whore  the  Buibattled  Farmebs  stood. 
And  tired  ihe  shot  beard  uruunu  the  world.” 
Tho  Kevolntlouary  oontuHt  one  hundrcil  years 
ago  wa.H  largely  conducted  by  farmers,  with  its 
Hluatrioua  loader,  Oenornl  Wasiixkoxon,  bettor 
known  in  those  days  as  the  farmer  and  Imid  sur¬ 
veyor  of  Virginia.  Iskaei.  Putx,u«  was  an  illus¬ 
trious  reprosentative  of  the  Rmalists  of  the 
North.  Most  of  the  battles  of  tho  Revolution 
were  fought  by  men  who  left  their  plows  in  the 
furrow,  and  their  business  to  coi'e  for  itself,  wliila 
tlic-y  perilled  all  to  secure  our  iiulopondonce, 
it  U  entirely  Httuig  that  in  the  Conteiinial  Cele¬ 
bration  of  tho  results  then  achieved,  the  farmers 
of  the  United  Slates  should  be  ropresented  in  fair 
jh'oportlon  to  tlieir  numbers,  wealth,  aud  indus¬ 
trial  importance.  Besides,  one  htiudred  years  of 
Agricultural  Pi  ogress  and  Improvement  repro- 
aont  advances  equal 'in  interest,  and  not  inferior 
in  value  and  importanoo  to  those  achieved  in 
thought,  BCiouoe,  and  mechanism.  Many  novel 
and  wonderful  inventions  have  been  rocordod 
within  the  la.st  hundred  years ;  but,  after  all,  the 
innirovcments  which  affect  tho  cheaper  protluo 
lion  of  food  form  the  basis  on  wliich  all  progress 
must  ultimately  rest.  Thej-e  may  lie  doubt  as  to 
tho  value  of  almost  any  class  of  inventions  to 
mankind,  hut  it  will  always  hold  true  that  “lie 
who  makes  two  blades  of  grass  grow  where  one 
grow  before,”  is  a  public  benefactor. 
Tho  Board  of  Centennial  Commissioners  have 
made  ample  provision  for  a  full  exhibition  of 
Agricultural  j^ogress.  The  Agricultural  Build¬ 
ing  of  the  Exhibition,  iUustrated  below,  is  a 
magnificent  structure,  giving  ample  room  for  the 
pm'poso,  and  will  be  not  the  least  thronged  por¬ 
tion  of  tiio  Exhibition  grounds.  It  stands  on  the 
east  aide  of  Belmont  Avenue,  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  buildings  devote*!  to  UnrUeulture,  and 
the  yards  for  the  siiow  of  Horses,  Cattle,  Sheep, 
BJid  other  live  stock.  Tlie  building  is  to  be  en¬ 
tirely  of  iron  and  glass,  aiul  oouDlsts  of  a  long 
nave,  crossed  by  throe  transepts,  botli  nave  and 
transept  being  composed  of  Howe  truss  arches  of 
a  gothic  form.  Tho  nave  is  820  foot  in  length, 
by  125  feot  in  width,  with  a  hight  of  TS  fot't 
from  the  floor  to  tho  point  of  the  arch.  The 
central  transept  is  of  the  same  hight,  and  has  a 
breadth  of  100  feet,  tho  two  end  transepte  being 
70  feet  high  and  80  feot  wide. 
The  four  courts  inclosed  between  tho  nave  and 
transepts,  and  also  tlie  four  spaces  at  the  corncra 
of  the  buililing,  having  the  nave  and  end  tran¬ 
septs  for  two  of  then’  sides,  will  Ijc  roofed  to  form 
valuable  spaces  for  exhibitors.  Thus  tho  ground 
plan  of  the  building  will  be  a  parallelogram  of 
640  by  820  feot,  and  covering  a  space  of  more 
tliau  ten  acres  of  ground.  Ibresent  Indications 
are  that  tliis  vast  space  will  all  be  needed. 
Besides  this  Imilding  devoted  to  American  Ag- 
riooili’ic,  several  tXiUuUies  ha^e  signified  tlioiP 
intention  to  erect  buildings  representing  their 
agricultural  interests.  Many  of  these  will  be  at¬ 
tractive  speciintjns  of  architecture,  and  will  add 
much  to  Uio  appearance  of  tho  grounds.  It  is 
projaised  Uial  lliese  buildings  siiall  be  located  in 
tlio  vicinity  of  tho  Agricultural  Building,  so  that 
those  interested  eupocially  in  fanning  can  com¬ 
pare  tho  ideas  and  metliods  of  different  coutitrios 
with  the  least  trouble.  The  information  thus  to 
be  obtained  will  well  repay  the  cost  and  trouble 
of  a  visit  to  Philadtdphia,  and  we  doubt  not  that 
hundreds  of  thousands  of  farmers  in  distant 
portions  of  our  country  will  make  the  trip  at 
some  time  dming  the  coming  season.  A  Centen¬ 
nial  Exhibition  of  our  CounU-y’s  Independence  is 
I  something  that  mast  be  attended  to  now  or  never. 
^orsemnn. 
BEEAKING  COLTS. 
An  old  saying  is,  “  Live  and  learn,”  and  to-day 
my  sou  taught  me  something  I  had  forgotten.  I 
set  him  to  break  a  colt  rising  three  years  old, 
which,  being  by  a  fast  trotting  horse,  has  Isjuii 
saved  entire.  He  had  never  been  touched  by 
any  one,  being  us  wild  ns  any  nuimal  could  bc. 
My  son,  with  a  man  to  help,  put  on  a  head-stall, 
witli  a  long  rope  attached,  which  they  did  iu  a 
stable  after  ho  had  been  separated  from  Uio 
company  ho  had  been  lying  with  all  miminor. 
Ho  was  then  moved  about  till  he  *Jiscontinued 
hanging  back,  which  he  persisted  in  doing  for 
nearly  two  hours,  when,  as  his  nook  probably 
began  to  got  tiretl  of  the  strain  and  ho  found  by 
sundry  plunges  that  tlioro  was  no  getting  away, 
ho  commeiiood  to  walk  along  quietly,  aud  then 
a  collar  was  first  put  on,  and  at  intervals,  as  ho 
cooled  off  and  submitted  t<j  bo  harullod  all  over, 
harucan  was  put  on,  so  tliat  Ity  dinner  time  he 
had  drawn  a  log  of  woo-i  three-quarters  of  a  mile 
.and  again.  He  ti'on  put  into  the 
sU^N  ftaru  ho  a.-  ttt-'  i.  .juarl,  .if  oalj  ho 
«jM)r  had  .nd  a  Dio  a  httio  hay,  after  which  old 
“  John  " — a  steady,  heavy,  fine  cart  horse— was 
hitched  into  ft  stone  boat,  with  the  colt  at  lii.s 
side,  and  after  one  hour’s  hard  walking  around  a 
paddock  tho  two  were  put  to  a  wagon,  and  they 
went  a  distance  of  two  miles  to  somo  oat  sta<dis 
which  had  boon  pulled  by  some  steers  having 
broken  down  tho  rtiUs,  aud  about  half  a  load  of 
loose  oat  straw  was  brought  homo,  and  Ids  colt- 
ship  seemed  perfoctly  ([uiot  and  willing  to  move 
os  guided,  so  that,  instead  of  wuithig  to  go  day 
by  day  in  training,  it  was  clone  hour  by  hoiu', 
and  judging  from  his  lack  of  fc'ar  and  apparent 
liking  to  bo  brushed  aud  cleanod,'  it  is  probable 
he  will  do  h;ilf  a  day’s  work  to-morrow  quite  as 
tiactably  as  if  he  had  been  in  hand  days  instead 
of  hours.  I  shall  have  him  work  about  three 
day.s  a  week,  so  as  to  keep  him  growing  and 
looking  In  good  condition.  We  worked  a  filly  In 
the  above  mamior  last  wintor  and  turned  her  to 
grass  in  tlie  spring.  She  is  now  doing  regular 
work  and  is  a  very  fine  animal ;  but  In  that  in- 
stanisj  we  took  days  to  do  what  lias  beon  done 
since  morning.  I  recollect  now  that  years  since, 
when  1  farmed  in  England,  that  although  it  was 
a  month’s  job  to  break  a  nag,  I  here  behig  I’ogu- 
liir  colt  breakers  by  profession,  who  got  them 
quiet  to  l  ido  and  with  good  mouths,  yet  the  cart 
horse  breed  of  oolto  had  a  more  sumtnniy  way  of 
brooking  than  the  one  jiial  related,  for  us  horses 
ore  worked  a  good  deal  there  three  or  fom:  in 
length,  one  before  the  other,  tho  colt  was  hal¬ 
tered  and  forcibly  pushed  to  tho  horsoii,  aud  two 
before  and  one  behind  started  to  work,  with  a 
man  on  each  side  to  keep  him  BU*alght,  which,  as 
tho  horses  kept  regularly  walking  on,  was  not  a 
diflicult  Job.  Of  course  there  would  bo  a  deal 
more  trouble  wltli  Rome  than  with  others  ;  but 
after  finding  there  was  no  esoaplng,  most  of  tho 
colts  would  soon  become  docile,  and  often  there 
would  be  one  which  would  wiiUc  away  from  tho 
first  and  give  no  trouble,  the  men  walking  on 
each  aido  i saving,  ro  llyit  the  regular  driver 
would  bo  oil  required  to  mind  him. 
AA/c.  IS. — The  colt  has  worked  half  a  day, 
again  going  quietly  and  actually  standing  in¬ 
stead  of  a  horse  hauling  corn  stalks.  He  did 
not  sweat,  and  he  would  have  been  shod  only 
the  blacksmith  was  too  busy  otherwise  to  do  it 
to-day.  Advocates  for  handling  colts  from  tho 
time  they  are  weaned  won’t  like  to  read  of  such 
dispatch.  A  Working  Faeiusr. 
Eon  A  Cribbing  Horse. — Feed  with  a  nose-bag 
and  give  hay  only  from  an  iron  rack.  Coating 
the  woodwork  in  a  manger  witli  crude  petroleum 
is  also  recommended.  Tho  bad  taste  will  soon 
euro  the  animal  of  ail  desire  to  bite  his  crib. 
