Bairi)  Dusbaiitiri). 
AMERICAN  DAIRYMEN’S  CONVENTION. 
Rome,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  13,  ISTC. 
The  Convention  of  the  Ainoricau  Dairymen’s 
Association,  which^has  closed  its  throe  days’ 
session  in  this  city,  has  not  been  so  interesting 
as  the  conventions  previously  held  under  the 
auspices  of  this  Sodetj'.  Tho  sessions  were  held 
in  Sink's  Opera  House,  which  alTordcll  ample 
room  for  a  much  larger  audience  than  was  in 
attendance. 
On  tho  first  day  there  were  few  persons  pres¬ 
ent,  and  the  paiwrs  ren<l,  for  tlio  most  part, 
wont  over  ground  which  had  been  pretty  well  oc¬ 
cupied  at  other  convontions.  Mr.  SicEnnoN  of 
Lewis  gave  an  interesting  address  on  “Hints 
from  Experionco  in  Cheesc-Muking."  Mr.  J.  O. 
Cahoe  of  Chantanejua  followed  in  a  paper  on 
“  Wliole-Milk  C!hooHO-Makiug.'’  and  Seth  Bon- 
Fov  of  Horldmer  rend  a  short  iiajjer  on  “  En¬ 
glish  ChceacvJlaUuig  and  Personal  Ex})orience.'’ 
These  papers  eliclUid  considerable  discuasion, 
but  iiotliing  ptirtlculavly  ne%v  was  brought  out. 
In  the  evening  Lkandeii 'W'ethebei.l  of  Bos¬ 
ton  gave  a  very  valuable  and  olaborato  address 
on  “Dairj'  Stock,’’  which  was  received  witli 
great  favor  by  tho  f.'ouvontion.  It  was  replete 
with  practical  suggestions,  and  wc  shall,  in  a 
futiue  article,  refer  to  some  of  tliO  points  iulicn. 
On  Wednesday  there  was  a  vei-y  good  attend¬ 
ance,  blit  hariUy  so  largo  as  at  some  previon  . 
meetings.  Messrs.  Beaueu  of  Pennsylvania  and 
IIARDINO  of  Kentncky  ocenpicil  most  of  the 
morning  sesKion  by  elaborate  and  e.xcelletit  j'n- 
IHirs  on  ••  Bnttcr-Making,"  in  which  their  own 
experiments  were  detailed. 
In  tbo  afternoon  Mr.  S.  I).  Pauuik  k  of  .Ma¬ 
lone,  N.  Y..  gave  an  aeoount  of  tho  nmnner  in 
which  butter  -  making  is  conducted  in  Franklin 
Co.,  N.  Y.  E.  W.  Btewaut  followed  with  a  wcll- 
considcrod  paper  on  “An  Ex|H!rimontal  Dairy 
Btalion.”  Mr.  Smith  of  Philadelphia  closed  the 
afternoon  session  by  .an  interesting  arldress  on 
tho  Ccntoiuiial. 
At  tho  evening  session  Messrs.  Peteks  of  New 
York  and  IIeai.e  of  Pliiladcljdiia  diseussed  .at 
Bomo  length  tho  “  Commercial  .V-spects  of  tho 
Dairy."  Those  papers  elicited  a  very  lengthy 
discussion,  and  much  valuable  information  was 
brought  out. 
Tho  leading  jiaper  on  Thursday  was  by  Rohekt 
MoAdam  of  Madison  Co.,  “On  the  Difforeuco 
Between  English  and  Auuirican  Chceso-.Making,’’ 
in  which  some  of  the  loading  defitots  in  tho  lat¬ 
ter  were  pointed  out.  Tho  main  ])art  of  tho 
sessions  on  Tluirsduy  ivu;j  takon  up  in  nuseol- 
laneous  matters,  tho  rcjjoi  ts  of  comiuittoos  and 
a  general  fijiishing  np  of  topics  which  had  boon 
put  over  for  disenssiou.  Two  of  tln!  loading 
spoakers  who  Imd  lx;cn  expected— Prof.  Cnj;ssY 
of  Amherst  and  Prof,  Cai.hwell  of  Cornell 
University  Called  to  b>e  in  attemdanco,  much  to 
tho  regret  of  the  Convention. 
Wo  can  only  give  at  this  time  a  brief  outline  of 
tho  work  done  at  tho  Convention,  but  in  a  subse¬ 
quent  paper  wo  hojK)  to  present  our  readers  with 
a  full  report  of  tbo  leading  jooiuts  in  tin!  iiapcrs 
r.ud  disenssiona  which  were  of  interest  and  value. 
Rome  is  a  very  convenient  point  for  holding  n. 
Convention.  Tlie  hotel  accommodations  arogood 
and  it  is  easy  to  be  reached  from  the  great  dairy 
counties — St,  Lawrenco,  Jofferscin,  Franklin,  Ac. 
On  the  whole  tlio  Convention  may  bo  regarded 
as  a  Buocess,  though  not  qnito  up  to  any  of  tho 
previous  meetings  of  tho  Association. 
The  display  of  dairy  products  was  of  tho  most 
meager  deacriptiou.  Tho  following  is  a  hst  of 
dairy  apparatus,  Ac.,  on  exhibition ; 
Bibbaxh'  Butter  Packagea  and  Champion  But-  ' 
ter  Worker,  Weigher  and  Salt  (’rusher  Combined  | 
wore  exhibited  by  A.  J.  Dibble,  FrankUn,  N.  Y. 
The  Blanoliard  Churn  was  shown  by  Wjiitma>'  & 
Bpbbell  of  Uttlo  Falls,  who  also  had  on  exhibi¬ 
tion  a  Patent  Improved  Curd  Knife,  sample.s  of 
Bandages,  Ac.,  Ac.  8tebi.i>'o  A  Bimoiiam, 
Watertown,  N.  Y.,  case  of  Steam  Daily  Filter¬ 
ing.  Tho^uUard  Oacilating  Chiuu.  exhibited  by 
JoHM  T.  Eix.swonTH,  Business  Manager,  Barro, 
Mass,  Meeks  A  Bbowxe,  SjTacusc,  N.  Y.,  Gen¬ 
eral  Agents  for  this  State,  gave  away  hundreds 
of  bottles  of  Golden  Extractor  Annatto.  W,  W. 
Moobe,  Eriovillo,  N.  Y.,  model  of  Moobe’s  Eu¬ 
ropean  Mnii  Pan,  Hubbell  A  Cueebbbo,  Oed- 
des,  N.  Y.,  a  Stone  Jar,  wiih  Patent  Wooden 
Cover,  for  butter,  fruit,  Ac.  Axvam  Middaugh, 
Friendship,  N.  Y.,  Milk  Tester.  Fbasieb  A  Ben¬ 
ton,  Itome,  N.  Y.,  Patent  Cmd  Mill.  Bigelow 
A  Linsley’s  Patent  Clombiuer,  Oird  Separator 
and  Salting  Machine.  Ehbbie's  Rotary  Butter 
Worker  was  exhibited  by  Speakman,  Mills  A 
Co.,  Westchester,  Pa. 
—  ♦  ♦  ♦ - 
RE(X)RD  OF  MILLER’S  MEAT.  FED  COWS 
FOR  1875,  ' 
OoB  readers  will  remember  an  account  in  these  ! 
columns  of  some  remarkable  experiments  made  i 
by  Linus  W.  Milleb  of  Stockton,  N.  Y.,  in  re-  i 
gard  to  wintering  cows  upon  an  exclusive  meal  | 
’S  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
I  diet.  A  letter  from  Mi-.  Miller  to  us  on  Nov.  Ist, 
gives  additional  matter  in  regard  to  these  exper¬ 
iments. 
In  order  to  have  sufficient  evidence  that  when 
cows  are  fed  upon  an  exclusive  meal  diet,  tlie 
meal  goes  dii-ectly  hi  tho  fourth  stomach,  IRr. 
Miller  fattened  a  beef  by  feeding  exclusively 
j  upon  meal.  On  slaughteiiug  tins  animal,  Mr. 
Miller  says,  “  quite  an  accumnlatioii  of  meal 
I  was  foiuid  in  the  manure,  iind  this  settled  tbo 
j^l>oint  as  to  tho  passage  of  tTic  moul  directly  to 
['the  fourth  slomnch,  not,  of  course,  in  all  cases, 
but  only  in  those  fed  oxclnsivcly  on  meal."  Ho 
refers,  also,  to  tho  rapidity  with  which  animals, 
fed  oxclusii-ely  on  meal,  may  b»i  made  to  take  on 
j  desh,  as  instanced  in  his  own  expfriouce  in  feed¬ 
ing  two  old  cows  last  ei>ring  that  were  got-  in  good 
condition  for  beef  in  the  nhort  space  of  three 
week.s.  The  butter  product  of  bU  herd,  wintered 
on  an  exclu-sivo  meal  diet,  averaged,  last  sin-iug: 
1’ (  pounds  each  per  ww  daily,  and  this,  lie  says, 
was  nearly  twice  an  much  as  ho  ever  hud  ids 
herd  make  upon  the  same  rations  when  they  were 
i  wintered  iqioa  bay.  In  spoakiug  of  tho  results 
I  from  Ids  herd,  dining  tho  past  season,  he  says  . 
I  My  milk  has  been  sent  to  the  factoi-y  145  days, 
and  I  find  tho  daily  average  of  my  herd  to  have 
been,  for  that  period,  27  ponuds  each,  or  seven 
j  jiounds  morn  than  last  season,  and  11  ))ouiids, 
daily,  more  than  the  previous  year  when  win¬ 
tered  on  hay." 
Ilieso  facts,  ho  Hunks,  uio  remarkable,  and 
indiiaife  to  him  “  neu  wonders"  in  meal  feeding, 
'  Ho  says  they  may  ]K)Ssihly  In*,  in  jmrt.  aecident!il, 
'  yet  other  herds  of  cows  in  this  town,  wintvrcfl 
I  on  hay,  failed  ti' do  as  well  this  iteason  ns  last. 
I  owing  to  its  having  been  very  wot  in  that  locality, 
I  and  that  hii  herd  should  have  done  so  much  bet- 
j  ter  when  others,  diCfcrently  wintered,  havo  done 
worse,  is  eertainlv  Hignifleaut. 
When  wo  were  at  (Jio  Jamestown  Fair,  Chau¬ 
tauqua  Co.,  thiifill,  wo  niado  inquiry  concern¬ 
ing  the  conditioiiB  of  iMr.  Miller’s  cows  as  to 
health  and  fie.sli,  and  we  wore  assured,  by  parties 
who  had  been  to  Mr.  Miller's  iilaeo  and  exam¬ 
ined  tho  stock,  from  time  to  time,  that  it  was 
looking  well  and  doing  well,  comparing  favora¬ 
bly,  in  apjjennince,  ivith  iJu;  l>ost  in  tliat  neigh¬ 
borhood. 
As  Mr.  Milleh  has  experimented  in  an  imusu- 
nl  direction  with  his  herds,  it  must  be  of  interest 
to  dairymen  to  keep  informed  concerning  tho 
results  of  these  experiments,  and  wo  havo  no 
doubt  many  will  bo  surprised  to  leaim  that  tho 
stock  has  made  so  good  a  reedrd. 
-  - 
THE  CHAUTftUtlUA  CO.  EXPERIMENT  IN 
BUTTER  MAXING. 
Wk  liavo  a  letter  from  Air.  L.  S.  Hardin  of 
Louwvillo,  Ky.,  in  which  ho  denies  some  of  tho 
Htatements  niado  by  I..  B.  Ailvold  in  tbo  Buffa¬ 
lo  Livo  Stock  Journal  of  Nov.,  ooucerniug  tlie 
conipetitiou  trial  in  setting  milk  for  butter  mak¬ 
ing  irilh  MAiiriNB.ULY  of  Chautauqua  County. 
.Mr.  ir.iuDLx  says:  “  That  trial  was  not  with  my 
box  (refrigerator)  na  Arnold  states,  but  in  a 
barrel  of  water  with  ice.  after  tho  Swedish  sys¬ 
tem.  Ar.nold  thinks  tho  rapid  cooling  “set" 
tho  animal  odor  in  the  inilli.  Tho  fact,  is,  it  was 
tho  foule.st  Biuelling  milk  I  ever  handled,  .and  I 
called  Blodoet’s  attention  to  it  at  tho  time.  I 
also  was  able  to  tell  which  was  my  butter  by  the 
comparative  absence  of  odor  in  it,  when  tho  sam¬ 
ples  were  put  together  so  I  sliould  not  know  them 
apart.  I  have  written  to  Mr.  Ri.odoet  for  his 
evidence  to  sustain  mo  in  this  point.  I  am  sorry 
AL-.  Bailey  did  not  keep  the  butter  ho  made  in 
tho  exjierlmeDt  with  me.  It  is  at  least  natural 
to  think  he  would  have  kept  it,  If  ho  bad  consid¬ 
ered  it  was  as  good  or  better  butter  tlian  mine,’’ 
Wo  have  given  in  a  previous  number  of  tho 
Ri-rai.  a  cut  of  Air.  Hardin’s  apparatus,  together 
with  a  description  of  what  be  claim.s  is  an  im¬ 
provement  on  tho  Swedish  system,  viz. :  Instead 
of  cooling  milk  with  ice  water,  as  in  tho  Swedish 
plan,  ho  cools  air  with  ice  and  I  ’.eu  sets  tlio  deep 
cans  in  air — on  the  refrigerator  plan.  Tho  re¬ 
frigerator  is  what  ho  caD.j  “  a  double  cubo  box,” 
with  the  space  filled  with  8awdu.st.  This  is  lined 
witli  zinc.  Ill  this  cooling  cupboard  ho  places 
Ids  can.s  of  ndlk.  Tho  cupboard  baa  a  chamber 
for  ice.  By  placing  tho  ice  abovo  tho  milk  ho 
claims  it  is  kc^  at  a  steadier  and  more  even 
tcmperatiu-e  than  if  cooled  from  the  bottom  or 
sides.  His  cans  aro  covered  up,  bo  that  tho  drip¬ 
ping  ico-watcr  may  not  fall  into  tho  cream.  Tlio 
icc-water  is  allowed  to  accumulate  at  tho  bottom, 
so  that  the  cans  stand  in  four  inches  of  water  and 
no  more. 
Wo  presume  the  reason  for  adopting  tho  Swed¬ 
ish  plan  in  the  Baii.y  contc.st  was,  because  this 
refrigerator  apparatus  had  not  been  forwarded  to 
Cliautauqua  Gounty,  and  that  ono  could  not  he 
conveniently  fitted  up  for  tho  occasion.  Tbo 
.Advertiser  and  Union,  in  refering  to  tho  test  be¬ 
tween  Hardin  and  Baily,  says :  “  Tho  milk  get 
by  Air.  Hardin  gave  a  little  more  butter  than  the 
shallow  set  milk  on  Air.  Baily’s  plan,  and  B.vi- 
LX  is  the  man  who  makes  from  250  to  270  lbs. 
of  butter  per  cow  a  year.  So  it  is  quite  fair  to 
conclude  that  the  Hardin  plan  took  the  cream 
and  butter  out  of  the  milk  inetty  thoroughly.  , 
!  The  milk  was  from  Mr.  Baily’h  cows  —  mostly 
'  natives.” 
I  We  infer,  from  Air.  H.uidin’.s  letter  to  us, 
I  that  perhaps  better  results  might  havo  been  ob- 
,  tained  in  the  Baily  test,  if  the  refrigerator  box 
I  had  bcfu  used  iu  tlio  oxporirnent.  As  tlicse  ex- 
^  periineiits  of  Air.  Hardin  with  his  comjMitltors 
I  now  stand,  the  deep  setting  is  ahead  of  shallow 
setting,  both  as  to  quantity  and  quality ;  but, 
should  tho  advocates  of  shallow  setting  reduce 
j  the  temperature  of  their  milk  by  the  use  of  ice- 
!  water,  tho  reHult.H  may  possibly  turn  out  differ- 
j  eutly  for  that  side. 
'  ««■» - 
j  COOKINQ  FOOD  FOR  STOCK. 
,  Mu.  V.  a.  Beekman  of  Ulster  Co.,  N.  Y.,  evi- 
j  di'iitly, has  a  poor  ojiiruou  of  cookiug  food  for 
cuw.s.  Ho  details,  in  the  New  York  Tribune, 
I  some  of  liis  experience  iu  this  line,  lloh.ad  scon 
j  ill  .several  Agricultural  papm.s,  and  iu  a  pnui- 
!  [ililet  edited  by  ouo  who  had  an  ax  to  gi'iud,  that 
I  there  were  l.argo  )irorits  arising  from  cooking 
;  food  for  cows.  From  Iheso  statements  it  ap- 
jjeared  that  there  was  a  saving  from  cooking  of 
oue-tliii'd  of  the  feed,  and  ho  concluded  Unit  if 
hy  cooking  -tPoO  worth  of  food  ho  could  make  it 
go  as  far  as  li* 1, 20()  uncooked  he  could  afford  to 
pay  JpOS  for  a  steamer  and  *‘gi>  iu."  Well,  ho 
tried  the  cooking  hiisiuesM  one  winter  and  got 
enough  of  it.  The  lahoiyho  says,  is  inofeased 
j  ten  fold.  Ill  Cold  weather  only  a  little  can  ho 
I  fed  lit.  11  time,  ns  stock  do  not  liko  it  cold.  Ho 
thinks  not  one  out  of  ten,  who  advocate  ciKiking, 
I  do  l.h<-ir  own  work,  and,  for  bis  jiart,  ho  had 
,  rather  sjieiicl  his  spare  time  in  xrinter  in  reading 
and  rocreatiou  than  in  tho  hum  sariiig  a  few 
dollars  coddling  liis  stock. 
Thero  are  a  good  many  others  who  have  tried 
I  eookiog  that  have  abandoned  it,  and  feel,  we 
fear,  souiotiug  lUie  Mr.  Beekma.v  in  regard  to  it. 
(Tk  ‘kfi'lsiiiaii. 
STOCK  IN  WINTER. 
A  wniTEu  iu  the  National  IJve  Stock  Journal 
remarks;  Wliatover  onr  differeiicos  of  opinion 
in  regard  to  tho  ."ulvaiitagos  of  close  and  nearly 
air-tight  quarters  for  stock,  there  is  among  in¬ 
telligent  and  priK'tical  men,  no  ilispute  as  to  the 
groat  economy  of  providing  i)rot*cr  shelter  from 
storms.  As  lumhor  is  now  very  che.ap,  this  may 
^•o^lono  at  very  tritUng  expense  hy  using  iiine 
“boaxils  for  roofing,  and  hy  setting  posts  iu  tho 
ground  and  boarding  np  the  sides.  Very  com¬ 
fortable  stables  and  sheep-houses  may  bo  coii- 
stnicted  of  plank.  It  would  seem  as  if  this  cheap 
and  convenient  shelter  was  within  the  reach  <if{ill, 
as  tJic  expense  would  bo  saved  in  feed  this  winter. 
Thero  is,  wo  think,  very  litllo  econoniy  in  allow¬ 
ing  cattle  to  run  loose  in  open  shods.  Wo  waste 
too  much  room.  If  oattlo  aro  kept  indoors  they 
should  bo  tied  up.  Wo  use  double  st.alls,  about 
seven  feet  wide,  with  manger  largo  enough  to 
feed  shock  corn,  hay.  etc.,  fsiiy  two  feet  high 
and  twenty  inches  wide),  and  tie  with  chains. 
Some  of  onr  Shnrt.-Hom  breeders,  wo  observe, 
havo  low  mangers  low  cnougli  for  rfetlo  to  got 
their  foot  into  them.  This  is  fniIo#ing  English 
practice,  whioh,  where  tho  cattle  were  confined 
in  stanchioim,  or  tied,  wiUi  a  largo  ring  to  slido 
up  and  down  on  a  round  polo  or  iron  ro<l,  may 
havo  been  proper.  But  where  a  chain  is  used 
with  three  branches,  one  of  which  (say  twenty- 
two  inches  long)  is  attached  to  tho  manger, 
thero  is  no  excuse  for  these  low  English  stmeh- 
urcH  for  feeding.  An  earth  floor  answers  for 
cows,  with  a  flat  pie<-o  of  timber  at  tho  rear  set 
in  tho  earth,  beliiml  which  tlicro  should  bo  a 
deproHsioii  for  the  droiitiiiigs.  For  hulks  there 
shoukl  be  a  plank  floor,  or  stone  or  brick  i>ave- 
iiieiit. 
Having  provided  proper  shelter,  w«  should 
feed  with  a  view  to  kooping  iqi  tho  condition  of 
oiir  stock  through  tho  winter.  Tho  practice 
which  often  prevails  of  allowing  cattle  that  are 
in  high  oondiUon  in  the  fall  to  lose  from  one  to 
three  hnudi'od  pounds  during  tho  ivintcr,  is  not 
only  tho  loss  of  this  quantity  of  lioef,  hul  of  oil 
the  foiift  consumed  durimj  the  minlcr,  besides  tho 
great  tli.sadvautago  of  starting  on  grass  in  the 
spring  with  a  thin  and  unthrifty  lot  of  cattle.  In 
oiu  opinion,  tliis  is  tho  principal  reason  for  tho 
impression  that  breeding  and  raising  steers  i.sim- 
profitable. 
All  young  stock,  colts,  calves  and  lambs,  should 
havo  meal  or  grain  tho  first  ivintor,  for  this  is  tho 
time  to  lay  tho  foimdaUon  for  future  excollenco 
and  profit.  For  calves  and  lambs  there  is  no  feed 
fhat  pays  better  than  shorts  and  bran,— wo  mean 
tho  old-fashioned  shorts,  or  middling,— with  this 
wo  may  profitably  mix  shelled  com  for  calves, 
and  oats  frr  lamb.s.  For  colts  nothing  can  take 
the  place  of  oats. 
Wc  wish  to  impress  upon  the  inexperienced 
brooder  tbo  great  importance  of  keeping  up  the 
best  possible  condition  in  the  young  stock  during 
tho  first  wiutetr ;  hero  is  where  poor  keep  never 
fails  to  prove  di.sastrous,  and  where  the  more 
liberal  expenditure  for  nutritious  food  makes  the 
most  profitable  returns.  It  Is  also  most  impor¬ 
tant  that  suitable  Bholtcr  should  bo  provided  for 
stock  at  this  age.  There  is  the  same  ncccessity 
tor  nutritious  food  and  proinw  shelter  for  cows 
iu  milk,  and  it  is  as  cruel  as  it  is  unprofit¬ 
able  to  allow  these  useful  luul  most  ])rofitabla 
animals  to  niu  out,  exposed  to  the  storms  of 
winter,  with  poor  or  sciuity  supply  of  food.  Tho 
young  stock  over  one  year  old.  with  the  dry  cows, 
ivill  do  very  well  out  of  doors  with  tho  shelter 
of  a  wood  lot  to  run  to,  and  whore  com  is  cheap 
this  may  bo  tbo  most  economical  way  of  wiater- 
ing  such  stock. 
Wo  suppose  that  in  many  of  the  corn-growing 
States  thero  is  this  year  a  good  de-al  of  corn  that 
Is  not  perfectly  matured,  and  this  may  bo  profit¬ 
ably  disposed  of  by  feeding  It  iu  the  fodder  to 
our  cattle.  And  in  this  connection,  wo  call 
attention  to  tlio  fact  that  it  is  generally  moro 
economical  to  feed  cattle  some  grain,  than  to 
undertake  to  keep  tlieiu  exclusively  on  liny.  One 
pound  of  meal  is  estimated  as  equal  to  four 
pounds  of  hay.  If,  tliereforc,  wo  havo,  say  fifty 
bushels  of  com  per  acre,  wo  havo  for  tho  weight 
of  the  grain  SifiOO  pounds, — equal  to  five  and  a 
half  tons  of  hay !  Whether  this  estimate  bo 
correct  or  not,  we  think  every  practical  niau  will 
agree  that  an  acre  of  corn,  with  the  fo<lder  cut 
at.  tho  proper  time,  Is  of  a  good  deal  moro  viiluo 
ns  a  feed  for  cattlo  than  hvo  acres  of  hay.  It  la 
therefore  evident  that  I  lie  prevailing  notion  that 
corn  cannot  profitably  bo  fed  to  atock-cattlo  is 
erroneous. 
As  to  bogs,  it  is  to  bo  asaiuued  that  good  farm¬ 
ers  will  only  winter  over  a  few  nows  for  breerling, 
witli,  perhaps,  soruo  fall  pigs— the  latter  should 
bo  pushed  for  tho  spring  nmrkots,  and  comfort¬ 
able  quarters  provided  for  nil,  Wo  should  aim 
to  have  our  pigs  farrowed  not  later  than  Apiil  so 
ns  to  bo  ready  for  market  in  tbo  full. 
- - 
HO'W  TO  FEED  CALVES. 
Edward  Hibu  of  Jefferson,  \’t.,  an  intelligent 
Englishman,  writes  as  follows  of  the  methods 
adopted  iu  feeding  and  raising  calves,  both  in 
England  and  tbi.s  coimtiy : 
In  England,  calves,  an  a  general  tiling,  are  all 
riiisod,  and  a  good  price  paid  for  thorn  as 
soon  as  ilroppcd,  providing  they  arc  good  calves 
and  from  good  cows.  Faniior.s  who  rai.so  or  buy 
those  calves,  generally  adopt  tho  following  mode 
of  feeding.  For  llic  first  woolc  new  niillc  twice 
jior  day,  the  next  sweet  skimmed  boiled  milk, 
providing  they  lia,vo  milk  to  spare,  us  a  great 
iiiiiiiy  fanners  who  livo  roiuoto  from  cities  keep  no 
iiiDvo  rows  tlinn  they  want  to  supply  tbomsolvcs 
with  milk  amt  butter  for  homo  couBiimptioii, 
If  they  mako  moro  huttcr  than  they  uso.tho  lady  of 
tho  house  gets  that  for  pin  money  along  with 
the  eggs,  poultry,  <tc.,  and  with  tho  luivilego 
some  of  tliem  draw  heavily  upon  tho  “old  man." 
Tlio  milk  is  often  luicd  while  sv/eet  for  tho 
rtcrvaiit  men,  night  and  morning,  for  breakfast 
niid  supper  ;  when  this  is  tho  case  they  mako  a 
linsooed  porridgo  or  grnel  for  tlm  calves,  and 
this,  with  good  hay,  raises  some  splendid  calves. 
If  they  raise  one  for  vOiU,  they  genorally  food 
new  milk  twice,  sometimes  t  hree  times  a  day,  for 
eight  weeks,  and  the  last  Ihicu 't  four  days  that 
calf  is  bled  every  day  before  being  killod,  iindthc 
veal  is  bc.vutifully  wbite  a  ud  tender. 
Since  I  havo  co'nio  to  America  I  raise  my  calves 
ns  follows fU'Bt  week,  new  milk ;  second  week, 
half  now  and  half  sweet  skimmed  milk ;  and 
gradually  work  on.  to  sour  or  lobberr-d  nulk,  and 
contiiiuo  this  all  summer.  If  I  want  to  venlono, 
I  feed  as  ahovo.  To  those  1  rnii>o  I  give  all  tho 
hav  or  oat  straw.  To  give  them  too  much  early 
cut  hay,  will  Bometimes  cuiiho  them  to  scour.  It 
is  prejiostcrous  for  any  ono  to  try  to  make  fasliion- 
able  English  veal  on  sour  milk.  It  is  ti  ue,  calves 
can  bo  mode  fat  upon  sour  milk,  with  oatmeal  or 
other  good  feed.  I  havo  had  them  to  myself, 
and  for  storo  cattle  1  can  say  tJiat  I  linvc'somo 
as  good  looking  grade  Jerseys,  Devons,  Duihama 
and  ^natives,  raised  on  sour  milk,  ns  the  next 
trian,  and  1  occaBionalty  Idll  one  in  tho  fall  end  it 
is  nice  meat.  1  do  not  call  it  teal—ii  is  neither 
veal  nor  hcH^f  and  j'ct  I  claim  that  it  is  far 
superior  to  tlio  red-looking  vo«l  or  cow  beef  that 
I  have  seen  kilted  hero.  .\  moneyed  gentleman 
who  wishes  to  ra iso  cfdvcs  for  agiacultnrr.l  ftirs, 
[  or  wishcii  for  something  extra  luco.  will  let  them 
suck  thfi  cow,  and  givo  them  thol  ci  tof  chancce ; 
but  such  a  mode  would  not  do  fer  tho  gcucrclity 
of  farmers  in  tho  old  country,  and  I  thmk  I  may 
inily  say,  neiUier  in  this, 
Where  calves  aro  intended  to  bo  kept  for  cows 
they  should  never  bo  fattened  when  young.  A 
thrifty  growing  condition  ih  needed,  and  for  this 
oatmeal  iiorridgo  with  skim  miilc  is  as  good  a  food 
as  in  possible.  Where  yomig  cnl vco  r.ro  fa  ttened, 
the  tendency  to  fatten  is  easily  established  ana 
cows  thua  reared  will  always  bo  better  for  beef 
than  for  milk. 
—  .  # «  »  - —  ■  - 
SOILING  FATTENING  CATTLE. 
At  a  meeting  of  South  Deerfield  (Mass.) 
Farmers’ Club,  President  C.  Smith  related  sever¬ 
al  experiments  which  he  had  telod  to  ascertain 
the  comparative  profit  between  fattening  votmg 
stock  in  the  bam  In  aummer  luid  fattening  in  a 
hill  pasture,  the  result  of  which  was  a  large  pre- 
ponaerance  of  evidence  in  favor  of  soiling,  from 
the  amount  of  manure  saved  and  the  healthy, 
thrifty  growth  of  tho  animals;  heifer  calves, 
kept  at  home  till  two  years  old,  instead  of  run¬ 
ning  in  a  large  pasture,  will  be  worth  at  least  f  10 
more  for  a  cow. 
