MOORE’S  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
“PROGRESS  AND  IMPROVEMENT.”  j 
MOORE’S  rU^EW- YORKER,' 
A  NATIONAL  1LLU8THATKD 
BUBH,  IITBBIKI  AND  VAIIU  NKWSFAFBB.  j 
D.  D.  T.  MOORE, 
K'oxintler  aiitl  Oon<luotiiiK  liditor. 
WM.  J.  FOWLER,  ANDREW  S.  FULLER, 
AwBOciato  lilditorw. 
HENRY  S.  RANDALL,  LL.D.,  Cortland  Village,  N.  Y. 
EDiTon  or  tiik  DirABratMT  or  SiirtP  IU'»BArDKY. 
X.  A.  WILLARD,  A.  M.,  Little  Falls,  N.  Y., 
Eiiitob  or  TUB  Dbpartmbbt  or  Dairy  Hubrardry. 
G.  A.  C.  BAHSETT,  PnbliMhcr. 
TERMS  FOR  1876,  IN  ADVANCE, 
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PUBLICATION  OFFICES: 
No,  78  Duano  Street,  New  York  City,  and  No.  67 
East  Mala  St.,  (Darrow’s  Bookstore,  Osburn 
House  Block,)  Rochester,  N.  Y. 
SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  5,  1876. 
THE  GREAT  INCREASE  OF  TAXATION. 
In  accoiintlng  for  tlio  '■  hard  tlnie.s,’'  the  enor- 
inous  Inurease  of  taxation  cannot  easlLv  be  over¬ 
looked,  ns  It  surely  ought  not  ig  be.  The  era  of 
war  W118  one  of  lliwh  times  lor  money,  ol  private 
and  public  extravagance,  and,  as  a  natural  result, 
of  loose  Ideas  of  niuiiielal  lutogrlty.  The  moral 
sense  or  the  country  wa.s  pretty  thoroughly  ab¬ 
sorbed  In  patriotic  and  jihllantbroiitc  eiTorts,  so 
that  such  ordinary  virtues  u-s  Integrity  in  money 
alTalrs  had  a  deehledU’  poor  show.  'I'lmre  \vu,s  a 
sti'ongerlecllDgofpartlbanslilpdurmgthlserathan 
ever  before,  s<o  that  Jobbers  and  contnactors  had 
greater  power  to  run  local  and  State  governments 
intx)  extrav;iganee,  and  unliUnklng  taxpayers  foot 
the  bills,  besides,  most  of  Ihe-se  exir.avagant  Jobs 
were  funded  in  debts,  and  so  saddled  on  iwstcrlty. 
Increase  of  fixation  only  began  when  necessitated 
to  pay  Interest  on  hirgeacemuulated  debts.  Atall 
events.  It  only  then  began  to  be  oppressive. 
While  prices  were  high  t  he  heavy  t  axes  were  little 
felt,  and  many  a  farmer  or  business  man,  won¬ 
dered  how  oiLsIly  he  could  raise  amounts,  whleh, 
In  previous  years,  would  Have  boon  felt  as  an  im- 
bupportable  burdens.  All  ts  changed  now.  Tlw 
era  of  high  prices  has  pa-ssed.  Dull  times  and 
high  taxes  have  followed.  It  has  been  shown  that 
more  tuan  all  the  currency  Is  paid  eacli  ye.ar  in 
Federal,  HDitc,  County,  city  and  Town  taxes. 
Luckily  the  authorities  cannot  well  keep  this 
money;  but  have  lo  piiy  it  out,  else  the  bitsUieas 
of  the  country  would  come  to  a  standstill  tor  lack 
of  money  to  carry  it  on. 
The.  New  York  Daily  Bulletin  has  done  the  coun¬ 
try  good  service  by  compiling  some  tobies,  showing 
the  tncroaso  of  expenditures  in  1676  as  compared 
with  I860.  The  ordinary  expenses  of  the  general 
government,  excluding  Interest  on  debt,  wore.  In 
1360,  $6U,910,1«3  ;  in  ]ST6,  they  were  ltlT8,6!S,983. 
Population  in  1660,31.443,323,  and  In  1675  cslimated 
44,000,000.  In  other  words,  the  Increase  in  popu¬ 
lation  Is  40  per  cent.,  and  of  ordinary  expenses  of 
the  government  Is  over  200  per  cent, 
.Some  of  the  states  show  a  much  larger  propor¬ 
tionate  Increase,  and  the  cities  greater  yet.  New 
Y’ork  State  Increased  m  popuUitlon  only  2«  per 
cent.,  but  the  morease  in  si, ate  tax  levy  was  from 
$1,376, 16'.l  la  1660,  to  $15.T2T,  t82  In  1875,  or  260  per 
cent.  Increase.  New  Tori:  city  has  Incrc.nsed  in 
population  36  per  cent.,  but  tlie  city  t:\xes  have 
lacrensed  from  $6,000,000  In  1860  to  upwards  of  24,- 
000,000  in  1675,  or  more  than  300  per  cent.  The 
same  resultoare  found  In  nearly  every  State  where 
a  large  city  exists.  Boston  has  increased  Its  tax 
vastly  more  than  Massachusetts,  Philadelphia 
more  than  Peiutsj'lvanla,  and  Baltimore  more  than 
Maryland.  The  annual  foxes,  however,  represent 
but  a  small  shareof  the  extravagant  expenditures 
of  cities.  Debts  are  piled  on  nearly  every  city  in 
he  country,  often  to  the  llnilU  or  beyond,  that  its 
credit  will  bear.  State  debts  have  not  grown  In 
proportion.  Most  of  the  Slates  are  now  steadily 
reducing  Indeblcdtiess  Incurred  during  war  times, 
and  some  arc  entirely  or  practically  free.  The 
following  table  shows  the  Increase  In  city  debts 
during  the  past  eight  years : 
CiticR.  Debt  In  1WI7.  Debt  in  1876.  Increase. 
CiticR.  Debt  in  1867. 
AUcKbany. . $ 
All»ny .  744,fi«J 
ISaltiiucire .  23,762,6(2 
Bimton.  .  18,(121.468 
CUicav*^  ■  ■  4,ii7,JflO 
Cleveland .  1,181,466 
Detroit .  ..  t.liM.lG? 
LoiURvilio.  .  4,266.747 
Milwatike© .  978.756 
Newark .  li.lIn,(Kl0 
N<!W  Orlenn* .  HA.|.’l,27fi 
Debt  in  1876.  IncreaRC. 
$i,W7.n(xi  $l,:i(j6,n«f, 
New  York. . 
I'hllaileli'Ula, 
J'ortlanu.  .  . 
Prt)vi(li-nee . 
Pittsburgh . 
llielmifind . . 
Itoehostcr . 
St.  Louis.  .  . 
:ti,!i!ii,;42 
3|'|, 166.621 
1.67:4,100 
1. GSl.OUO 
3,(W5,7  46 
2, (171,642 
1,(Xi:i,(Xlil 
ti, (CIS, (XXI 
l,(IS5/i(XI 
10,11X1,8(13 
88.481.148 
8.H!«WXI8 
8,631,084 
l.ll'^.7:(2 
4,tl(«.263 
1.566,208 
Jt«l6.(IOi) 
8,3511. 7.55 
88,hl.’».53S 
2y,l.a8,K4.H 
3,581.528 
7,)W,046 
10.488,073 
2.061.066 
4,4I7,IXK) 
I0,8;i2.0(X) 
These  rigures  show  pretty  ulcurly  that  the  great 
cities  are  responsible  lor  the  most  of  t  he  lii*avy 
burdens  under  which  Industry  Is  depressed.  All 
these  d('bto,  and  tno  yearly  toad  nr  ra.xes  for  Inter¬ 
est,  have  to  he  ultiroaiely  paid  by  the  productive 
industry  of  tlic  country,  and  of  this,  bj’  far  the 
larger  part  Is  engaged  in  iigrlculturo.  It  is  lime 
that  the  tormers  ol  the  t'nlted  States  should 
armiHc  to  their  trite  Inh'rest.s.  They  hud  little  to 
do  with  the  enjoyable  part  of  this  bUKlness— the 
making  of  these  city  debto;  but  when  they  arc  to 
be  jjatd,  the  farming  iDlerestsof  the  country  must 
suiter.  This  Is  the  tax  which  the  pcs)i>le  are  uow 
paying  In  buslnciis  depression. 
That  plain,  practical  Iann(.Ts  manage  these  af¬ 
fairs  better  isshown  nytlie  moderate  incrnaaeof 
toxatloti  In  .‘States  which  an.'  mainly  agrlciiltural, 
M  illie  the  pojjulatlon  of  Chicago  Increased  202  per 
cent.,  from  isoo  to  1675,  the  tax  swelh.’d  from  $.873,- 
315  tn  1860  to  $5,408,692  In  1875,  or  an  liicre.ase  Of 
l,.3(.4  per  ceut.  In  the  ineanthnc  t  he  po]julatlon  of 
the  .Stoic  Increased  T7;4  per  cent.,  wldle  r.he  Srato 
tax  levy  of  Illinois  was  $:4,266,a7()  In  1875  against 
$2,523,536  In  1860,  an  lncreas(?  of  only  26  per  cent., 
or  1(^88  than  the  incn.ra.sc  of  populaDon.  In  other 
words,  the  stale  taxes  are  les-s  for  each  citizen 
than  they  were  iTftoeri  years  ago.  We  remember 
that  the  farmers  of  Illinois  Inaugurated  an  Indr^ 
pendent  (Kiliiical  movement,  two  years  ago,  and 
secured  the  state  Legtslal.ure.  'I’he  Independents 
were  roundly  abused  by  the  iiartlHun  pre.ss,  and 
their  l,eglsial  un*  pronounced  a  failure.  But  such 
results  as  lids  are  a  great  deal  more  comfortable 
for  taxpayeiT  than  brilliant  successes,  whose  brll- 
llancy  con.slsts  In  didit  and  heavy  taxation  on  the 
Industry  of  the  countrj'.  Not  only  farmers,  but 
all  engaged  in  productive  Industry  of  any  kind, 
nei^l  to  take  more  part  in  public  alTairs  wherein 
they  are  so  Mtally  InteresWnl. 
The  methods  of  collecLliig  taxes  add  to  the  bur¬ 
den  on  Industry  almosMf  not  quite  as  much  as  the 
amount,  “  Practice  makes  perfect  ”  is  an  old  say¬ 
ing,  and  probably  true  of  tax  levying  as  of  any¬ 
thing  else.  T(,  would  sfN>m  that  this  country 4i«N 
never  yet  inid  tJAxea  ©umclently  to  learn  to 
and  to  realize  money  with  t  he  least  burden  fero- 
diistrj\  If  this  be  so  it  Is  high  time  that  the  le*on 
iviis  learned.  But  lldsproporly  belongs  to  another 
subject,  and  must  be  conlliuicd  In  another  article. 
- - - — - 
MILITARY  EDUCATION. 
It  Is  proposed  to  cut  off  the  pay  of  cadets  at 
West  Point  $.5(1  a  year  as  a  mea-surc  of  economy. 
A  much  belter  policy  would  be  to  abolish  tbe  iVest 
Point  .Mllitiiry  Academy  altogether,  and  i>d  can¬ 
didates  for  the  mllltory  profession  get  their  educa¬ 
tion  at  their  own  exjxmsc,  the  s.aine  as  members 
of  other  professloas  do.  Docking  eacli  cadet  would 
only  save  $ir.,(i0(i,  and  if  Congres.s  debate  tbe  sub¬ 
ject  one  hour,  ihc  expense  or  the  debato  will  be 
far  more  than  t  he  saving  to  be  efiected.  The  im- 
portanee  of  military  edticaDon  to  the  country  has 
been  greatly  over-estimated,  it  Is  true  the  coun¬ 
try  .somellmos  needs  souiler.s;  but  so  also  it  needs 
surgeons,  diplomats  and  lawyers,  but  no  one 
thinks  of  giving  professional  education  to  these  at 
public  expense,  .is  It  Is  now,  thceonutry  Jstaxed 
to  pay  the  expense  of  giving  a  military  education 
to  several  Imndred  young  men,  mostly  sons  or 
friends  of  professional  iiolltlcians.  Tlietr  tuition 
and  expenses  are  paid  by  Congressional  appro- 
prlalion  and  at  tJie  same  time  they  are  paid  a  sal¬ 
ary  while  receiving  this  gratuitous  education  and 
given  a  lucrative  position  If  they  choose,  imme¬ 
diately  after  leavUng  school.  There  Is  no  assur¬ 
ance  that  the  .sor vices  of  these  graduates  will  be 
avnlhihle  In  case  of  need,  f Ms  a  pure  gratuity, 
nothing  more. 
Mllltory  science  Ls  a  profeaslon  wWch  wlU  And 
no  lack  of  students  without  the  fostering  care  of 
Government.  The  danger  fs  that  .mnbUion,  and  a 
multitude  of  other  reasons,  will  load  loo  many 
young  men  to  make  a\  ar  Ihe  career  of  their  lives. 
Instead  of  punsiilog  some  avocation  for  the  good 
of  iholr  fellow  men.  The  country  is  probal  dy  more 
in  neird  of  good  farmers  than  of  men  in  any  other 
bu61ne.ss.  A  feuv  yeato  ago  fongress  appropriated 
some  public  lauds  to  each  .State  to  promote  Agri¬ 
cultural  Education,  and  as  a  result  we  tave  Cor¬ 
nell  and  other  I'niv^ersltleS.  But  no  one  ever  pro¬ 
posed  or  flreamed  that,  the  country'  ought  to  edu¬ 
cate  Che  faruiers  It  needs  and  give  tJiem  a  salary 
while  paying  their  way  tJirongh  a  sciem  Ifle  course. 
Yet  a  better  argiunent  could  be  made  lor  doing 
tills  than  for  maintaining  the  aristocratic  and 
Averse  than  usele.ss  mllltory  InsiltiiUon  at  AVest 
Point.  The  higher  interests  of  the  country  do  not 
lie  In  war,  and  the  mUltory  spirit  needs  repression 
rather  than  encouragement. 
-  - 
Dairy  A»f.oeirtiiou.s.  — The  Western  Reserve 
tOhlo)  Dairymen’s  Association  ineels  in  Garretts- 
vllle,  Feb.  9-10.  The  Tenth  Annual  Convention  of 
the  Northwcstcr'i  Dah’ymen’s  .Association  will  be 
iiGid  at  Fort  Atkinson,  Wls.,  Peb.  S-lo. 
KURAL  NOTES  AND  OUERIES. 
Weather  Wisdom.— Ov'cr  a  decade  of  years 
ago— Indeed  some  t  ime  before  “  t  he  late  unpleas- 
niil  ness”  betAvecn the  North  and  South— Prof.  M. 
F.  .Maurv,  then  Supeiintendcnt  of  the  Natlon.al 
Ob.scrvatory,  contillnited  a  series  of  able  artlcl(^ 
to  the  Kukal  Ne-a-Yokskr  on  “  .Aleteorology  for 
Farmers.”  The  co-operation  of  Fanners,  Agricul¬ 
tural  SocietKTs,  kc.,  Avas  requestod  to  aid  him  in 
extejidliig  from  the  Sea  to  the  Land  the  beautiful 
and  valuable  system  of  rc-seaDdi  Avlifch  h.ad  gl\’en 
world-A\1de  renown  to  his  prcvloas  labors.  The 
Professor  promised  the  rural  population  re.snUH 
which  should  he  a-s  valuable  to  tlic  outdoor  Indus¬ 
trial  products  on  shore  as  those  .5lre.ady  obtained 
had  proA'(83  to  be  to  commerce  and  navigation. 
Connected  Avlth  Prof.  .At  aukv’s  plan  was  a  systom 
Of  Tcle/jraphic  J/tlrarofay//,  Avlilch  Avus  taken  up  In 
other  countries,  and  subsctiuently  perfcctod  Inour 
own— as  wltnes-Hihe  Proh.Abllltles  (l.ally  telegraph¬ 
ed  to  all  parts  of  Ihe  eountrv  from  llie  Nntion.al 
.Signal  SfTAdre  Bureau,  under  t  he  superintendence 
of  Gen.  Mkvkks.  The  artbdes  alluded  to,  being 
the  first  popular  series  on  the  subjt’f  a,  were  quoted 
from  and  eommeialert  by  leading  journ.als  at  borne 
and  abroad,  and  no  doubt  had  great  Influence  In 
securing  the  advantages  noAv  derived  from  the 
asually  reliable  Weather  Iteportwot  tlic  above- 
named  Bureau. 
The  preceding  paragraph  —  giving  “  honor  to  | 
whom  honor  Is  due  ’’—was  suggested  by  the  re¬ 
ceipt  of  a  circular  from  Prof.  avm.  Blasius  of 
Phlla.,  Pa.,  a  noixid  .Meteorologist,  and  author  of 
a  work  pntltl(Ml  “storms:  their  Nature,  Classin- 
catlon  and  Liovs.”  ProL  B.  says  that  the  evi¬ 
dences  which  Nature  gives  of  an  approaching 
change  of  Aveaiher  are  in  genei’al  easily  seen  hy 
I  any  one  who  knoAv  hoAvs  to  l(Xik  for  them,— and 
,  that  “the  odvautoge,  and  even  prime  Importance, 
I  to  ag-riculture,  naA-lgatlon,  and  all  oui-of-dfmr 
I  pursuits,  as  avcII  us  to  the  health  and  comfort  of  i 
I  all,  of  a  systom  of  weatlicr  prediction  which  can  ! 
I  be  undersUKOl  and  readily  appUed  by  tbe  iinpro-  | 
I  toaslonal  pei’son,  Ismanu'esi."  Protossor  Blasius 
Avlshcs  to  iiopularlze  a  sy.stem,  the  corrPcrne.ss  of  i 
Avhlcb  la  jirovcd  by  his  ow  n  cxin  riencc  as  'Veil  n-s 
that  of  luuiiy  otiters,  and  therefore  oITers  to  ad¬ 
dress  seientltlcj  bodies,  agrleultural  .soehdles  and 
colleges,  lyceufiis,  etc.,  to  Avliom  the  subject  Is  of 
Interest,  i'he  lectures  will  be  Illustrated  by  dia¬ 
grams,  cle.,  and  tiie  terms  Avlthln  tlie  reach  of  all. 
We  trust  many  agricultural  and  selentitlc  associa¬ 
tions  may  be  benell  ted  iiy  bearing  tbe  Professor. 
-  -  -  ♦♦♦ 
The  DlRnppenrniice  of  Biiinilo  iJraan. — Prof. 
1  Samuel  AuauEV  bf  the  University  of  Nebraska 
writes  to  the  i'rlbune  that  buffalo  grass  has  for 
'  some  years  been  driven  back  westward  In  that 
Stoto  at  the  rate  of  tAventy-flve  to  thirty  miles  per  I 
year.  Various  theories  are  (Affered  to  account  for 
this  phenomenon,  Avhlch  docs  not  seem  to  result 
from  the  dlsiipiiea ranee  of  t  he  buffalo,  as  in  some 
locaUtlPk  tliB  svii>ix  r(una1n.s  >(:Ars  urter  iill  buffa¬ 
loes  have  been  driven  away.  I’rof-  Aitohet’s 
theorj'  Is  that  the  disappearance  oL  the  gra.ss  is 
caused  by  a  change  In  tlie  cUmate— that  i.lie  oi1g- 
Inai  alkaline  deposits  In  the  soil  arc  ravor.ableto 
It,  possibly  by  excluding  other  vegetation.  Tlic 
eJlrnate  or  Nebraska  Is  gradually  growing  moist  er, 
and  as  the  alknll  In  tllh  soli  is  diluted  and  washed 
aw'uy  the  grasses  belonging  to  clAillzatlon  have  a 
(’banco.  This  Increase  of  moLsturO  does  not  take 
Into  account  the  exceptional  season  of  1675, 
but  Is  based  on  several  yeai's’  obHervation.  In 
many  old  stream  beds  which  had  long  been  dry 
water  has  coaiUiepced  to  ffoAV,  and  new  springs  of 
Avatcr  have  broken  out  Avhere  never  known  before. 
It  Is  highly  probable  that  tills  is  a  real  change  Hi 
climate,  induced  by  clAillzatlon,  lines  of  railroads 
and  telcgrapli,  and  fires  from  thousands  of  liomes,  | 
carrying  currents  of  Avarni  air  Into  the  upjier  1 
atmosphere  nnd  causing  frequent  rainfall  where  ' 
It  had  been  a  rarity  before.  If  thLs  theory  prove  ‘ 
true,  Avc  may  expect  to  see  the  “  Great  American  ' 
Desert,”  Avlilch  Avas  a  reality  tAventy  or  thirty 
years  ago,  gradually  recede  and  a  fertile  region 
blos-soni  in  Its  stead,  as  the  march  of  clvtilzatloii 
makes  new  territory  nece.s-sary  or  desirable. 
- - 
Our  .Yllld  Winter.— The  Tribune,  speculating 
as  to  the  facts  and  causes  of  our  unusually  mild 
winter,  closes  ILs  article  Avlththe  hope  that  It  may 
prove  proportionately  mild  to  the  explorers  now' 
wintering  In  Northern  seas  and  stilAlog  to  make 
discoveries  In  that  gloomy  region.  In  the  AAisii 
Avhlch  this  hope  expresses  them  avIU  be  general 
concurrence,  hut  Its  realization  is  against  all  the 
probabilities.  Our  mild  w'lnter  Ls  caused  by  t  he 
fact  that  we  are  (injojing  the  currents  of  AA  arm  air 
from  the  South,  whleh  usuallj'  Hoav  far  above  us 
in  the  upper  atmosphere  till  they  approach  the 
North  Polo,  vA'hen,  biACoinlng  (bolder,  they  sink  by 
Iheli'  ow'n  weight  and  send  a  cold  polar  Avave  near 
the  surface  southAvnrd.  Wehavehad  few of  these 
IKilar  waves  this  Avinter,  hence  the  probability  is 
that  few  AviiA'CS  of  comparatively  warm  air  liaA'e 
reached  the  poles,  in  biief,  the  naturally  cold 
weather  of; arctic  winters  has  this  year  “  staid  at 
home  ”  to  an  unusual  degree,  and  Ave  may  expect, 
when  AVC  hear  from  the  arctic  explorers,  to  learn 
that  the  Avlnter  of  18T6-8  was  one  of  extreme  se- 
veritj',  as  the  polar  winter  of  iSTl-o  Is  uow’  knoAvii 
to  have  been  of  unusual  mildness.  Our  prediction 
of  a  AA-arm  winter  was  made  In  the  Bubal  Neav- 
!  YORKER  of  Aug.  28th  last. 
I  - - 
I  Ciieup  Postage. —  “ The  Parmer  In  Politics” 
has  achieved  his  first  triumph  in  the  passage  by 
I  the  House  of  IteiiroseniatlA'esof  the  Bill  restoring 
!  cheap  postage  on  third-class  inui  Icr.  This  is  a 
!  good  begliuilug.  Hoav  docs  the  country  like  the 
I  farmer  In  jKillt  Ics  thus  far  7  The  Bill  Avas  repoiicd 
.  by  J.  B.  v'l.AKK  of  .MLs.souii,aud  advotiiteil  by  Hon. 
Wm.  Lawkkkck  of  Olilo  and  Hon.  S.  J.  Randall 
of  Penn.  IJon.  J.  A.  Garfield  of  Ohio  made  a 
speech,  claiming  that  the  Increase  of  postage  last 
AAintor  Avas  a  mistake;  hut  arguing  that  the  Post 
omce  Department  ought  not  to  tramunlt  any  mer- 
cban(3Ue  or  articles  other  than  Avrltten  or  printed 
matter.  It  looks  more  and  more  as  If  tbe  “blun¬ 
der”  last  winter  was  a  cuniilngly-ierf-ted  plan  in 
the  Interest  of  the  express  monopolies.  The  BUI 
has  yet  to  go  to  the  Senate,  and  the  country  avIU 
look  Avith  InteresT  to  see  what  Senator  Ha-ailin 
hag  to  say  on  the  subject. 
A  KnnixnM  T<>nlt  Farm.  —  ProfesSOr  Gale  of 
Manhattan,  Kan.,  thms  AATites  relatlA-e  to  the  en¬ 
terprise  of  a  noted  fruit  groAver  In  that  State 
“  \Vc  have  Just  Adslted  Hillsdale  Fruit  Farm;  near 
Parsons,  on  the  M.,  K.  .and  T.  R.  R.,  OAvned  by  C. 
G.  AVtcKBusiiAM,  Es(i..  a  gentleman  of  more  than 
Thlify  years’  cxpertence  in  fruit  cuUtire,  Mr.  \V. 
Is  doing  a  g(>od  Avork  for  himself  at  an  expenditure 
of  cash  which  few  horticulturahsto  in  Kansas  are 
able  to  make.  He  Is  doing  a  AA-ork  AA'hlch  will  be 
InA'aluable  to  Souiheni  Kaniuis,  and  mcasmes 
have  been  taken,  through  the  ExperlnAenlal  Com¬ 
mittee  of  the  State  llortlcultiu’al  .Society,  by  Avhlch 
his  experiments  avui  Ira  made  aA-aUable  to  the 
State.” 
--  >♦« - 
Drouk  Trout  Free  oftJont,— The  CommlS-Slon- 
ers  of  Plslicrle.s  of  Ncaa-  York  State  havclsttued  the 
toUoAAing  card,  which  avui  be  Interesting  to  many 
rcad(’T8:— “Young  brook  trout  avUI  be  delivered 
free  of  expense  at  the  Ncav  York  State  Hatching 
House,  at  Oaledonla,  after  February  15,  1876,  to  all 
persons  dealring  them  to  sbX’k  public  streams  or 
ponds  In  this  State,  or  they  aaIH  be  sent  to  any 
address  on  the  parties  pajdng  the  traveling  ex¬ 
penses  of  a  messenger  to  accompany  them.  For 
further  particulars  address  Seth  Green,  Superin¬ 
tendent,  Kochc-stcr,  N,  Y'.” 
- - - 
I  An  I’nprolltnble  C'nnnI.— The  Old  Wabash  and 
Erie  Canul,  In  Indiana,  Is  to  be  aold  for  the  benefit 
'  of  the  stnckholdei’s,  who  have  $16,2.56,568  invested 
'  in  the  venerable  and  now  useless  ditch,  the  sale 
[  of  Avhlcli,  It  Is  thonglir,  will  not  realize  over  Iaao 
or  tJiree  per  cent,  of  that  sum.  A  Large  part  of 
the  stock  Is  h(.id  by  foreign  capitalists.  The  rail¬ 
roads  destroyed  the  »JUUty  of  the  canal,  Avhlch 
once  did  a  large  .and  p.iylng  business, 
—  - 
A  fJooil  Sintr  to  l.ire  In.  -The  State  Treas¬ 
urer  of  lOAva,  In  hts  nACent  report,  shOAvs  that  the 
expenses  of  the  state  last  year  Avere  less  than  $l 
for  each  Inhabllant  .  Toavu  Is  more  c.xchialvciy  ag¬ 
ricultural  than  any  other  Western  .suire,  and  ha.s 
no  veic.'  large  cllk*s.  As  a  result  lUs  nffatra  are  ad¬ 
ministered  AAlth  greater  economy  than  those  of 
most  other  statos,  find  the  State  debt  Is  reduced 
I  to  nothing. 
I  - - 
RURAL  BREVITIES. 
Minnesota  produced  last  year  28,000,000  bushels 
of  wheat. 
Farmers  In  Tennessee  are  agitating  for  a  “no 
fence  ”  Iuav. 
Thk  AAintor  la  very  mild  In  England  os  well  as  In 
this  conn  try. 
St.  Albans,  VI  .,  2,598,000  lbs.  of  butter  In  1875, 
a  decrease  of  200,oo<i  lijs.  from  Jan.  1874. 
The  T'nlted  State.s  comuleled  In  1675  1,1 76  miles 
of  railroad,  agiilusl  1,731  uilit^s  In  1674,  3,456  In  1873, 
and  6,559  In  187‘2. 
Another  lns(?ct  called  the  twister,  has  attacked 
t  he  vineyards  in  Lombardy,  and  is  said  to  be  far 
more  destructive  than  the  renoAvned  phylloxera. 
Among  the  fresh  vegcLablcs  hoav  being  sold  In 
Covent  Garden  Market,  JxjDdon,  are  a-siinragus, 
rrunic.3,  lett’ices,  radishes,  eiulive  ami  cucumbers. 
The  Kuiial  isa  gootl  paper  to  take  and  exhibit 
wlien  you  go  to  a  meeting  of  your  Farmers’  t iub. 
Orange,  or  othiAr  gaUicrlng,— and  there  Is  no  great 
objection  to  your  doing  the  same  Avhen  you  go  to 
the  Store  or  conicrs  of  au  afternoon  or  evening. 
L.48T  year  ssfi  raC(*s  w  ere  run  In  this  country,  and 
the  amount  at  stake  was  330, 0(K),  besides  a  A'ast 
amount  of  piiA'ate  belting  and  gambling.  Is  f/ia« 
progress  In  the  right  dlrecUoii  v 
Wheat  pviAryAvhere  appears  Avell.  The  open 
Avluter  h.as  been  a  inlld  one,  and  Avltb  frequent 
ruins  and  occasional  AA'arm  Aveathcr  the  stand  Is 
generally  even  better  than  In  the  fall. 
Reader,  If  j'ou  wish  to  aid  the  Rural  In  Its  ef- 
fons  to  do  good  to  the  community,  please  shoAv  a 
copy  to  friends,  Avhenever  convenient,  state  Its 
objects  and  value,  and  the  consctiuent  advantage 
or  subscribing. 
The  Rural  Is  a  capital  VaR.ntlne  to  send  any 
rural,  suburban,  or  cAcn  vUlagc  or  city  frlen(i, 
and  Avlll  remind  the  recipient  of  tbe  giver  fifty- 
I  t  hree  times  during  the  Ceutcimlal  Year.  Y'ou  can 
i  send  It,  as  a  present,  tor  only  $'2.16,  postage  paid. 
The  ••  Excelsior  Carpel  Stretcher,”  advertised  In 
this  fiaper,  is  .sometldng  needetl  Avherever  carpels 
are  put  down.  A  loa.se  liud  badly-fitl'Ad  carpet  Is 
au  abomination.  Avhlln  a  carpet  that  la  stretched 
smoot  hly  over  t  he  floor  Is  pleasant  to  the  eyes  and 
feet,  Hoav  to  so  fit,  Avpliout  injury  to  the  carpel, 
seems  to  have  been  the  atm  of  the  manufacturer. 
We  have  one. 
Don’t  forget,  please,  that,  as  the  Rural  Is  elec- 
trotyped,  Ave  c.in  furnlsli  back  nnmbei’s  to  all  ncAV 
subscribers  from  Jan.  1,— even  If  a  mlUion  copies 
are  Avanted— nor  that  there  la  yet  time  to  start 
new  clubs  and  secure  liberal  and  valuable  Pre¬ 
miums.  Therefore,  ru«h  cm-  the  Rural  Column  ! 
I  BUSINESS  NOTICES. 
!  BRIDE  &  CO, 
'  769  BroadAvay,  N.  Y ..  Avant  acents  for  the  best  money- 
I  luakiuR  article  In  the  world.  Send  for  particulars. 
- 
Cure  lor  Cousrh  or  Cold.— As  soon  as  there  Is 
'  the  slightest  uneasiness  of  the  Chest,  with  difficulty 
of  treathlng,  or  indication  of  Cough,  take  during 
,  the  d.iy  a  few  "  BiioAVN’a  Bronchial  Troches.” 
- - - 
every  keg  “  Phocnijc  Pure  White  Lead” 
Avarranled  yerJtcU'j  pun— i*  Avbite,  One.  and  has  the 
very  he.  t  body  and  covering  properties. 
i 
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