(f-toiioimj. 
POBTABLE  FENCES. 
Thjb  Bulijfjct,  wliich  liaK  often  l^ocn  np  during 
tho  paxt  thirty  your.H— introilncing  nil  sort*)  of 
patent  anil  no  piilent  feiuies  -ia  iigain  in  i>i<h  r 
and  tlniH  auggi^atively  diHcnsRod  I'J'  tl^e  Nutnial- 
iat  and  Farmer : 
NVIioro  it  ia  ^lesirahlo  t<>  not  np  a  fence  for  on- 
eloaing  a  field  for  a  ninglo  soaHon.  or  for  a  few 
Yoara  at  most.,  aonio  sort  of  a  portable  fenci!  is 
dotddtuily  preferable  to  the  more  expensive  and 
Bubstantial  slone  wall,  or  evon  a  wooden  I'once  of 
postn  and  rails.  SoineUmes  one  may  have  a  few 
calves  that  Jte  would  like  to  give  a  small  cnclos- 
nro  in  eonie  tnowing  field,  or  a  sick  animal  may 
need  a  field  by  itself.  A  sow  with  yngs  or  a  few 
sheep  may  need  a  siKwial  enclosure  for  a  month 
or  two,  after  which  the  fence  might  bo  no  longer 
needed  in  (he  same  j 'lace.  Linder  such  cirenm- 
stances,  some  kind  of  a  light,  ehea])  fence,  tliat 
can  he  rea<hly  put  up  and  taken  down  again,  will 
prove  very  convenient  and  may  'pay  a  good  iK<r 
cent,  on  the  cost  of  making  and  setting  it. 
The  fence  desenhed  at  the  wilder  niccting  of 
the  Connecticut  Btato  Board  of  Agriculture  at 
■Winstead,  by  Mr.  Hubbard  of  Middletown,  stniek 
us  as  being  (bo  best  thing  of  t  he  kind  that  wo 
havo  ov(!r  seen.  It  is  plain,  simple,  light  aiid 
cheap  and  when  set  up  and  properly  inimod,  will 
tm-n  all  kinds  of  stooU  that  should  ever  be  en- 
cloecd  by  foiiees. 
The  stock  rc<piiicd  for  such  a  fonc3  consists  of 
four  boards,  12  feet  long  by  (5  inches  wide,  equal 
to  24  feet;  two  pice^'S  of  2x4  joist,  5 feet  long, 
equal  to  feel ;  two  stakes  for  props  \)<:  foot 
long,  which  may  bo  round  saplings  from  the 
woods ;  two  pieces  of  Itoard  2  imiies  wide  and  a 
foot  or  more  long,  and  ab<iut  2(1  txaiinmny  fence 
nails.  The  tools  needed  for  huilding  such  a 
fijiiee  are  a  liamuier,  an  inch  and  a  hall  auger,  a 
half  Inch  bit  and  a  saw,  all  of  which  any  farmer 
should  bo  competent  Uj  use. 
The  fence  should  lean  /rmi  the  li<id  to  he  ])a8- 
tured  with  thu  props  upon  the  opposite  side,  al¬ 
though  cattle  may  nm  on  either  side  wilh  little 
danger  of  its  being  thrown  down  or  hroken.  F<ir 
ealves,  pigs,  or  other  small  animals,  a  fence  one- 
fourth  lower  might  answer  as  well,  M'hen  finish¬ 
ed  and  sot  np.  It.  will  stand  as  firmly  :is  a  wood- 
sawyer's  horse.  and  may  ho  removed  and  re-.sotin 
a  now  locality  about  us  easily. 
During  the  discussion  which  followed  the  ex¬ 
hibition  of  a  model  oftlus  fence  by  Mr.  Hubbard. 
Boveral  farmers  ciitiei.-usl  it  beciuise  it  was  pro- 
pos<sl  by  some  gentleman  to  Inive  the  panels hwk 
into  each  other  and  be  cwiifined  together  liy  nail¬ 
ing  orothorwiso  ;  but  this  would  defeat  tlio  very 
object  that  Mr.  Hubbard  had  in  view,  that  of 
making  a  fence  that  should  noi  stand  in  the  same 
place  a  long  while  witliont  moving. 
As  fast  as  the  I'armoj’s  outgrow  the  idea  of 
keeping  ni>  a  gi'cat  amount  of  pormanent  fence 
for  dividing  their  mowing  and  Ullage  lauds  into 
small  lots,  they  will  appreciate  the  advantage  of  a 
liind  of  light  and  chcaj)  iKJiiahle  fence  that  can 
bo  put.  ui)  or  taken  down  in  a  few  lioiirs  around 
crops  that  need  prol<!ction  for  a  short  time,  or 
for  enclosing  young  Bt.K',k  at  certain  seasons,  or 
the  afUr-fwid  in  mowing  fields.  But  what,  we 
most  need  to  liairn  at  present  is  the  falsiM-eonomy 
of  building  and  trying  to  support  so  many  un¬ 
necessary  fences  around  and  acr.wii  onr  tillage 
lands,  i’astiires  must  be  fenced  for  the  present, 
but  the  time  will  come  when  fences  around  jhow- 
ing  lot*<  and  gardens  .and  liv  the  roadside  w  ill  be 
far  less  common  tlian  is  the  case  now.  People 
are  learning  that  fences  cost  more  than  they  are 
worth,  and  Yankees  don’t  like  to  trade  in  that 
way  a  groat  while  after  they  learn  the  fact. 
-  .♦  ♦-» - 
POTATOES  AS  FOOD  FOB  STOCK. 
Pox.vTOF.s  in  many  liK.'alities  distant  from 
market  are  this  season  so  abmslanl  and  cheiqi 
that  they  can  mdy  be  used  to  advantage  for  feed¬ 
ing  out  to  stock.  It  is  true  that  certain  ugricnl- 
tiiral  writers  have  of  late  endeavored  to  show 
that  tWs  valuable  tuber  was  of  liiile  or  no  value 
for  sfich  purp'isea,  Imt  it  is  vc'i-y  probable  that 
the  gentlemen  who  advance  such  theories  are  not 
practical  agriculturists.  Tlic  v.aluc  of  the  potato 
as  food  for  man  and  many  of  onr  domestic  ani¬ 
mals  is  too  well  known  to  lie  discarded  at  this 
late  day  in  consequence  of  anything  which  may 
be  written  by  theoretical  clicmist.s  or  agricfiltii- 
rists. 
Blit  while  the  potato  has  been  a  Itone  of  con¬ 
tention  amofig  agricnllnrists  for  many  ycar.s,  its 
pnwtical  and  siiocific  value  as  food  for  stock  has 
never  been  disproved  when  pnt  to  the  test.  'J'he 
celelirated  veterinarian,  Win.  Yonatt.  in  speaking 
of  the  value  of  tlie  vaiious  kinds  of  roots  as 
foial  for  stock,  s.ays  pf  the  jxitato:—’*  Among  tlie 
various  vogutahlo  productions  tliat  havo  been 
aiqji'opriated  to  the  stall-focdiiig  of  cattle,  none 
have  occasioned  greater  discussion  than  pota¬ 
toes.  They  fiurnish  an  exccUeut  supply,  particn- 
laily  when  cut  and  hieamed,  and  apiieai-  ade- 
MOORE’S  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
qnate  to  the  fattening  of  neat  cattle  in  combina¬ 
tion  with  compar<ativoly  small  jwrtionB  of  other 
food." 
In  the  eleventh  vohuno  of  the  British  “An¬ 
nals  of  Agiiculturc”  we  find  some  statements 
from  Mr.  Campbell  of  Charlton,  Eng.,  which 
bear  tliiixdly  u))on  this  question.  He  observes  ) 
that  10(1  pounds  of  potatoes  and  700  jioumk.  of  j 
hay  are  generally  Hiitticieiit  to  fatten  any  animal  j 
that  thrives  tolerably  well.  They  should  at  fii'sL  | 
be  given  in  small  quuiitlUea  and  gradually  in- 
crciiKod  to  one  or  two  bualiels  per  day ;  dry  food 
being  always  intcnnixial  and  the  propmtion  of 
buy  being  uniformly  regulated  by  the  effect 
w'liinb  the  ])otatocH  produce  on  the  bowels.  The 
hay  sliould  always  he  cut,  in  order  that  it  maybe 
more  readily  mixtwl  with  the  potatoes. 
We  might  give  ahnoat  any  amount  of  te.sti- 
inony  from  iJraeUcal  farmers  and  stock-raisers  to 
corniborato  the  above,  but  think  it  entirely  un- 
necessaiy,  uh  it  is  quite  likely  that  a  majority  of 
our  read<Ts  know  from  experience  that  jiotatoos 
are  valuul'le  food  for  sfixilo  At  the  jjroseut 
jirice  of  beef,  cheese,  butter  or  ])ork,  we  think 
our  fiu'iiiiu  s  would  do  betU'r  to  feed  out  tbdr 
imtatoes  than  to  sell  them  at  twenty  cents  per  ' 
Imsliol  and  less,  prices  at  whie.b  they  havo  been 
gold  in  many  localities  this  Hoascat.  Potatoes  are 
too  heavy  and  bulky  a  crop  to  send  to  a  distant 
market,  but  lliey  are  readily  turned  into  beef, 
cheese  or  butter,  and  in  those  forms  the  cost  of 
transportation  is  greatly  reduced. — J\\  V.  Sim, 
- - - 
EXPERIMENT  WITH  SUPEBHPHOSPHATE. 
Havikq  been  a  subseribor  to  the  Bujul  New- 
Yohkeu  for  the  last  eighteen  years.  J  have  ro.ad 
with  interest  the  recorded  results  of  a<>curate 
experiments  nnidn  by  practical  furnuTa,  and  co.’i- 
siiler  them  by  far  tlie  most  valuable  of  my  agri- 
c.nUiiral  reading,  niiiiking  it  might  bo  of  bene¬ 
fit  to  others.  I  will  give  the  result  of  an  experi¬ 
ment  tried  by  myself  the  past  sefison.  Wishing 
t<i  use  more  fertilizing  material  Uian  I  Imd  on 
hand  last  spring,  I  conclinled  to  get  some  siiper- 
lihosphato.  and,  not  knowing  what  kind  was 
liost,  bought  some  of  three  different  kiiwls.  I 
applied  it  to  oats  and  potatiws  at  the  rate  of  250 
11.8,  per  acre.  Tlio  kind  that  proved  the  most 
valuable  was  manufaclurod  by  Ai.kxandeh  & 
Ckockkr  of  Buffalo;  It  was  advertised  in  tlio 
IlnuAi,.  Whore  applied  to  iiotatoes,  it  just 
doubled  (he  weight  of  saUihle  potatoes. 
My  mode  of  application  was— after  lightly 
covering  the  potatoes  with  earth  —to  apply  one 
small  tahlespoonful  of  the  snporpliospliate  di¬ 
rectly  over  (lie  potatoes,  and  then  cover  that 
lightly  also.  I  was  afraid  the  uiight 
'  ho  too  slrong  if  put  in  vith  the  potatoes.  Tin* 
ground  was  a  gravelly  loam,  quite  is.ior,  having 
had  no  manure  for  several  years.  The  bilks  were 
18  inches  ajiart,  and  the  rows  3  feet.  Tlie  ilif- 
fereiice  in  the  vines  could  plainly  be  scon  all 
throngh  the  season,  being  about  twice  as  loj-gc 
as  those  having  no  )>ho.sphate.  i  intended  hav¬ 
ing  the  exporimeiit  with  oats  uccuruto  also,  but 
a  rainy  (ime  of  ten  days,  just  as  tliey  were  ready 
to  cut,  so  injimiid  them  that  I  was  discomaged 
aiul  harvested  thorn  altogether.  It  was  very 
cvidi'iil  to  mo  that  the  phoapliato  paid  well  on 
the  oats.  It  was  drilled  in  with  the  grain.  The 
grass  seed  seemed  to  catch  lietter  also. 
Bonio.  N.  Y.,  Fell.  16.  F.  D.  Peukinh. 
RENOVATING  IMPOVERISHED  LAND. 
Is  a  rtK-eiit  address,  Prof.  HTocicrtuimiK  of 
Mussaehusitts  said: 
It  is  possible  to  make  these  old,  worn-out  hills 
of  Massacliusetts  flourish  with  waving  iields  of 
grain  and  grass,  by  tlie  use  of  the  chemical  ele¬ 
ments  of  nutrition  j  and  it  is  not  uocossary  to 
keep  cattle  for  the  exiu-css  pnrjvoso  of  malung 
manure,  I  do  not  wish  to  be  understood  as 
‘  ‘  going  hack  ”  on  lifiriiyard  maniu'e,  but  would 
use  all  that  has  accuimiluted  as  a  waste  product 
in  the  lu-osecutiou  of  agricultural  pm’suits. 
Making  hutler,  cheese,  beef  and  pork  is  like 
other  maniifacluriiig  industries,  and  is  a  legiti¬ 
mate  industry.  But  the  time  for  carrying  on 
these  operations  for  the  expre.-id  jHU'poso  of 
making  mamire  is  soon  to  jiass  away.  In  the 
near  future  the  value  of  lianiyaial  manure  would 
he  estimated  by  the  valno  of  the  nntiitivo  olo- 
ments  it  contains.  As  every  fanner  here,  I  sup¬ 
pose,  is  inteudiug  to  ask  what  these  elements 
cost  in  the  market,  I  will  slate  that,  at  present 
prices  for  iiitr.^gen,  ixitush  and  phosphoric  acid, 
the  plant  food  for  a  bushel  of  corn  sliould  cost 
forty-one  cents.  1  have  a]jplied  manure  for 
fifty  Imshcls  and  obtained  ninety-four  bushels, 
worth,  with  the  stalks,  §134,  which  ought  to  pay 
me  well  for  labor,  taxes,  interest,  etc.,  over  and 
above  tlie  cost  of  cbeinicals. 
Another  (  xpuriment  with  corn  ]ilanted  without 
maum'o,  upon  land  manured  last  year,  gave  six- 
tv-four  husljels  as  the  prodvict  of  manure  carried 
over  from  that  applied  last  year.  So  it  does  not 
look  as  if  wo  had  ruined  the  land  by  applying 
these  fertilizers.  It  may  also  be  said  that  tliese 
experiments  may  work  on  little  plots  of  a  few 
rods,  but  when  Hied  on  large  fanus  and  by  tho 
acre  they  will  fail.  Tliat  we  could  test  this  also, 
two  fields  Ilf  the  iworest  cotmiion  land,  such  as 
was  considered  too  poor  to  pay  for  fencing, 
wore  planted  witli  com.  One  contained  154  and 
the  other  192  rod*.  Tim  yield  of  corn  in  those 
fields  sliowod  that  such  experiments  in  feeding 
eroim  were  equally  applicable  to  large  as  small 
fields.  Besides  the  experiments  carried  on  at 
the  College,  more  than  tw’o  hmidred  farmers 
from  Vemiont  to  the  Carolinas  have  been  ex- 
|HU'inieuting  in  this  same  manner  the  past  year, 
and  with  results  highly  satisfactory  to  them¬ 
selves. 
- - 
TOP-DRESSING  MEADOWS. 
Tlie  results  of  a  single  toii-dre.ssing  on  eight 
jilota  of  nearly  half  an  acre  each  of  sandy  warm 
soil  of  our  State  Agricultural  College  faiiu,  ex- 
hihifed  the  follow  ing  facts  at  the  end  of  three 
year’s  : — The  top-dres.siiig  w’as  applied  in  1H(14, 
and  tho  grass  was  cut  twice  each  season  in  18(54 
and  1865,  and  once  in  1866,  and  tho  produce  of 
each  lot  weighed  sepunilcly  and  a  jx.'rfect  record 
kept.  The  results  for  tbo  four  aeasons  were  ns 
I  follows:-  On  the  plot  to  which  no  maniu’o  or 
fertilizer  was  applied,  (lie  total  weight  of  hay 
yiolded  per  acre  was  8,746  pounds.  Wliero  two 
busliuls  of  plaster  per  acre  wore  applied,  the 
jicldper  acre  was  1:5,226  iiotinds,  a  gain  of  4,484 
pounds.  Whore  five  hnshels  of  wood  ashes  vvere 
aiqiliod  tho  yield  per  aero  was  12,007  pounds,  a 
gain  of  4. 1(55  pounds.  Where  three  bushels  of 
salt  were  sown  per  acre  the  yield  was  14,9(59 
IKiunds,  a  gain  per  acre  of  5,227  jwmnds.  Whore 
twenty  loads  of  muck  per  acre  were  laid  on,  the 
;  yield  jier  aero  was  1:1,810  iionuds.  a  gain  of  5.074 
!  pounds.  Where  twenty  loads  of  horse  manure 
wan-  laid  on  the  jield  was  14,686  ixmnds,  a  g.ain 
of  6  224  jmunds.  'J’liese  an- resnlts  which  indicate 
that  there  are  fertilizers  which  will  produce  as 
1  goofl  results  as  plaster.  For  iuhtauce,  tlie  plaster 
yielded  a  gain  of  fifty-one  per  cent,,  while  the 
horsAV  manure  gave  an  jnereaso  of  scventy-oiio 
per  cent.,  or  nearly  a  ton  more  grass  per  acre  in 
tho  three  years. — Michigan  Farmer, 
Intiusti'wl  tTojiits, 
LARGE  CORN  CROPS  MAKE  CHEAP  HOGS. 
THE  WORKSHOP  ON  THE  FARM. 
As  I  coramoncod  fanning  throe  years  ago,  I 
bought  a  sot  of  pianos,  augers,  chisels  and  a 
saw,  and  by-aud-by  some  more  tools  that  were 
nootlful  to  do  tho  ordinary  repairs  of  tho  farm, 
and  soon  I  made  some  new  implements  out  of 
wood.  Last  fall  a  hlaclcsmith  moved  away  from 
our  village,  and  1  houglit  a  bellows,  anvil,  ham¬ 
mers,  tongs,  and  soon  I  learned  to  do  some 
smith-w  iirk,  I  never  learned  a  trade,  as  1  worked 
ou  the  farm,  and  kept  a  country  store  for  seven 
years,  I  would  not  give  my  tooks  for  double 
what  they  cost  me,  as  by  patience  and  perserver- 
ance  anybody  can  soon  perform  tho  common  re¬ 
pairs  on  tbo  farm.— u,  e.  e.  r. 
Iris  luardly  true,  as  our  coiresiKvndenf  supposes, 
that  everybody  can  porfonn  the  common  repairs 
on  a  farm.  Pi’obably  he  has  a  natural  taste  that 
way,  and  succeeds  better  than  most  would  do. 
Still  we  heartily  eudorso  Hie  practical  rocotumeu- 
dation  to  have  a  wfukshnp  witli  anvil  and  bellows 
and  a  full  set  of  blacksmith  and  carpcnlors’ tools. 
Almost  any  farmer  can  save  himself  some  expense 
and  a  good  deal  more  trouble  in  making  needful 
rejiairs.  'The  hoys  especially  will  find  in  such  a 
worksliop  an  unfailing  source  of  improvement 
and  pleasure.  Very  many  hoys  hi'onght  np  on  the 
farm,  havo  a  natural  liking  for  mechanics,  and 
in  nil  cases  this  “bout"  of  the  mind  should  be 
carefully  studied,  as  on  its  development  depends 
all  after  success. 
- - 
ROTATION  OF  CROPS. 
As  desiralde  as  rotation  in  oilice  may  bo,  it 
cannot  lie  more  so  than  a  judicious  rotation  of 
crops  raised  on  the  fann.  No  matter  liow  fertile 
tbo  soil,  it  is  conceded  that  constant  cropping 
with  one.  two.  or  three  kinds  of  grain,  will  wear 
out  the  linid.  All  giavd  fanners  concede  that  a 
jiroper  I’otation  of  cro]vs,  inchuling  tho  grasses, 
sliunld  ho  followtsl.  flhemists  infonn  ns  that 
the  nutriment  of  foo<l-])nHluoing  i>lants  is  taken 
in  part  from  tho  soil  in  solntioii  tlirough  tho 
roots,  and  partly  from  tho  air  tlirough  the  leaves, 
and  thereforo  that  suitable  focal  must  be  pre- 
vided,  or  a  manifest  deterioration  will  result. 
The  good  farmer,  while  ho  aims  to  pnxluce  the 
largest  crops  at  tho  least  exisjuso,  will  also  le 
careful  hi  keep  up  the  fertility  of  the  soil  by  a 
judicious  rotation  of  crops,  supplcincnted  by  the 
application  of  manm’os  to  the  land.— A’lo-al 
World, 
A  CKSTKAi.  Kansas  farmer  coutiibntes  the  fol¬ 
lowing  interesting  statement  to  tho  Now’  York 
Ti'ibnno  : — Tliis  is  the  rule,  and  tho  notable  ex¬ 
ception  this  year  is  not  fully  understood  by 
Eastern  men.  NS'lnle  we,  hero  at  tlio  fiu’  West, 
have  had  good  cririi  crops,  witnessed  by  the  fimt 
that  corn  is  now  selling  at  25  cents  per  busliel, 
we  have  no  hogs  to  send  to  the  market,  but 
rather  are  buyers  ourselves.  I  speak  now  par¬ 
ticularly  of  the  graBshopper-afllicted  Htatos  of 
Kansas  and  Nebraska.  During  the  visitation  of 
those  pests  in  1874.  instead  of  raising  corn  upon 
wliicU  to  fatten  stocli,  wo  were  comivelled  to  kill 
uoarly  all  onr  liogs  to  koei*  them  and  us  from 
stai'ving.  Now,  with  almndance  of  corn,  wo 
realize  the  advantage  it  would  bo,  could  wo  send 
it  East  in  Hio  form  of  jiork,  but  wo  are  bare  of 
stock  and  arc  sending  to  Missouri  and  other 
States  for  a  supply.  Nor  is  it  a  more  handful  of 
hogs  that  we  want,  for  onr  donndod  country  is 
large,  and  oiu’  wishes  only  limited  by  om’  ability 
to  purchase ;  for  we  m-ognizo  the  hog  crop  is 
destined  to  be  of  great  inii>orlaneo  to  tlii.s  pai’t  of 
the  countiy.  'i'be  diverting  the'  heretofore  East¬ 
ern  ti'odc.  or  cuU  for  Missouri,  llliuois.  and  Iowa 
hogs,  and  turning  them  Westward,  is  not  suffi¬ 
ciently  taken  into  account  by  Eastern  iwople, 
many  of  whom  are  wondering  at  the  light  re¬ 
ceipts  and  high  prices  of  hogs. 
- - ♦♦♦  — 
ANGORA  MANUFACTURES  IN  CALIFORNIA. 
Cai.ifx'Uma,  in  jmrsuauco  of  a  characteristic 
fashion  of  doing  what  cannot  be  done  elsewbcro, 
has  not  only  jicrsiated  in  keeping  eonsiderablo 
ficicks  of  .\ngora  goats,  but  multiplies  their 
numbers  and  utilizes  the  llcoco.  There  havo 
been  placed  in  the  Museum  of  the  Agricultiu’al 
Deparbneiit  some  specimonB  of  di’ossed  skin  with 
lleece  intact,  of  divers  colors  and  great  beauty, 
such  as  arc  used  for  fancy  robes,  rugs,  mats,  fur 
ganntlots,  and  for  other  purposes.  These  gloves 
are  very  strong,  durable,  warm,  and  showy. 
Tho  leather  is  also  used  in  strings  for  belt-lacing, 
and  apiJoars  from  its  great  strength  to  bo  veiy 
snitablo  for  such  use.  This  is  the  work  of  tho 
Angora  Rohe  and  Cflovo  Company,  located  at 
San  .lose,  and  dciiiunstrates  tlio  availability  of 
Angora  products  for  successful  maun fachu  e  into 
articles  of  eoinfort  and  utility.  Their  gloves, 
unlike  those  of  huckskin,  are  dressed  with  the 
grain  left  on.  Mr.  Frank  Leavis.  the  Secretary 
of  tho  compam-.  is  a  iiart  owner  of  a  flock  of  six 
hundred  ewe.s  wliich  were  sheared  last  spi’iug. 
In  one  county,  Jlontcrey,  there  are  no  less  than 
tw'enty  thousand  returned  by  the  assessors,  and 
they  constitute  a  portion  of  the  stock  of  twenty- 
eight  other  counties. 
- 
GETTING  RID  OF  STUMPS. 
Some  one,  not  long  ago,  started  the  idea  that 
sulphuric  acid  would  totally  destroy  stumps. 
An  augiu"  hole  was  to  bo  bored  in  the  top,  filled 
with  siilplnu’ic  acid,  and  plugged.  In  ii  day  or 
two  tbo  stnnii)  wduld  be  eaten  up,  even  to  the 
very  roots.  The  experiment  was  tried  and  failed, 
only  a  portion  of  tho  stump,  at  the  toi*.  being 
affected.  Tbo  following  method  is  rocommonded 
by  the  .Seieutilie  American  :  -In  tho  autimin  boro 
a  bole  one  to  Lwo  inches  in  diameter,  according 
to  the  gii’lli  of  tho  stump,  vertically  in  the  center 
of  tho  latter,  ami  about  eighh-on  inches  doeii. 
Put  into  it  from  one  to  two  ounces  saltpeter  ;  till 
the  hole  with  water  and  plug  up  close.  Hi  tho 
euauiug  spring  take  out  thu  plug  and  pour  in 
about  one-half  gill  of  kerosene  oil  and  ignite  it. 
Tho  stump  will  smoulder  away  without  blazing, 
to  tho  very  extiomity  of  the  roots,  leaving  noth- 
mg  but  aslies. 
-  - 
ABOUT  PLO'WING. 
Seeino  your  repeated  invitations  to  subscribers 
to  furnish  the  Bprae  any  Jiints  or  facts  of 
general  value  that  tliey  are  in  possession  of,  I 
am  emboldened  to  send  you  an  item  which  I 
have  foiuul  by  cxperienco  to  bo  of  decided  ad¬ 
vantage.  It  is  Ibis : — in  Ofienliig  a  land  on  a 
hillside,  always  liu’ii  the  dowu-liill  funow  fli’st. 
The  advantage  is— in  opening  a  land,  one  always 
wants  to  make  the  furrow  sti'aight  as  possible. 
The  sod  will  turn  down  hill  of  itself.  You  can 
bold  tho  plow  much  Steadier  than  when  turning 
tho  fiurow  uiJ-hiU,  which  gives  you  a  bettor 
clianoo  to  guide  the  horses.  And  when  you 
come  to  tm-u  tlie  up-hill  furrow  tho  leader  has  a 
guide  to  follow'  aud  needs  but  little  driving,  and 
you  are  allowed  a  better  chance  to  cut  a  clear, 
regular  furrow  and  lay  it  up  smootldy. 
A  Youno  Farmer. 
- - - 
WORKMEN. 
Mr.  Euskin  says  in  the  London  Garden : — Sup¬ 
posing  tho  captain  of  a  frigate  were  by  any 
chance  obliged  to  place  his  own  son  in  the  posi¬ 
tion  of  a  common  sailor ;  as  he  would  then  treat 
his  son,  he  is  bound  always  to  treat  those  men 
under  liim.  So,  also,  supposing  the  master  of  a 
manufactory  saw  it  right  to  placu  Lis  own  son  in 
tho  position  of  an  ordinary  workman — as  he 
would  then  ti’eat  his  son.  he  is  bound  always  to 
treat  eveiy  one  of  his  men.  This  is  the  only  ef¬ 
fective,  ti’uc,  or  practicable  rule  which  can  he 
given  on  this  point  of  political  economy. 
I 
I? 
