generally  no  bo©  keeper  can  obtain  over  25  Iba.  of 
box  honey  per  hive,  on  an  average,  for  a  series 
of  years. 
With  tliose  who  keep  but  a  few  stocks,  five  and 
upward,  twonty-fiw  pounds  per  stock  is  as  much 
as  can  be  relied  on,  and  little  or  none  from 
swanns.  This  is  prolitablo.  Bnpposo  one  has  10 
hives,  and  has  260  pounds  of  honey  to  sell  at  30 
cents  per  pound,  bcades.porhaps,  enough  left  in 
partially  iilled  boxe*  for  the  family  use,  doesn’t 
that  pay  ?  It  isovey  a  100  per  cent,  on  the  value 
have  seen  (lowers  of  the  narrow-leaved  variety 
that  were  all  male — a  characteristic  that  accord¬ 
ing  to  the  samo  authority,  holongs  only  to  a 
broofl  leaveHl  variety  named  ohhtsa. 
The  engraving  sliows  the  frosh-looking, 
Miiootli,  tidy  leaves  about  one-fourth  the  natural 
size  and,  elevated  npoti  long,  curving  petioles, 
the  general  appearance  of  the  plaut  is  not  unlike 
that  of  the  dwarf  Calla  Lily, 
in  the  autumn,  or  retained  for  winter  use.  Borne 
IHiOple  prize  shallots  for  pickling,  if  planted  in 
the  spring  they  do  well,  but  are  not  ready  for 
use  as  eiirly  a-s  if  sot  out  in  fall. 
The  iiuvst  pungent  of  all  the  family  is  the 
garlic.  It  seems  as  If  the  essence  of  a  whole 
bushel  of  onions  was  concentrated  in  one  of  its 
little  bulbs.  The  root  or  bulb  is  composed  of  a 
dozen  small  bulbs  called  “cloves."  Garlic  is  so 
much  used  in  the  south  of  Eimope,  that  the 
THE  APIARY  IN  WINTER 
Mbs.  E.  S.  Tupper,  the  noted  apiarian,  writes 
to  the  Am.  Bee  Joimual  as  follows : 
Through  tlio  mouth  of  January  the  bees  re¬ 
quire  no  care  in  the  cellar  or  house.  They  only 
ask  to  bo  in  dJrrknoss  and  qnicL  If  they  are  on 
their  summer  stands,  and  liavc  quilts  or  carpets 
over  (heii- frames,  they  will  not  suffer;  though 
the  entrances  are.  blocked  wilh  snow.  It  is  weU, 
however,  to  sec  that  the  entrance,  duringa  thaw, 
does  not  beconio  stopped  with  water  and  dead 
bees,  which  a  sudden  cold  wind  may  convert  in¬ 
to  ice.  While  you  have  nofJiing  to  do  for  the 
bees  directly  in  this  moutli.  it  is  the  time  to  plan 
for  another  season's  work  and  prepare  your  hives 
and  honey-lioxes.  We  hope  the  experience 
which  some  of  you  luwi  will  not  be  rejieated  this 
winter,  viz Youi-  bee.s  die  at  such  a  rate  that 
you  will  need  no  new  hives.  If  you  have  been 
C!u-eful,  wc  ax'e  sure  you  will  not. 
There  is  a  feeling  of  discoui'agoment  with  re- 
ganl  to  the  sale  of  extruded  honey  which  we 
fear  will  lead  many  to  remodel  their  hives,  and 
ti’y  nest  season  to  seciu’e  box  lioney  only.  We 
say  “  fear,"  because  wo  are  sure  that  no  such 
change  is  n«(X*.ssary  for  tlioso  who  wish  to  secime 
the  gi-eatofit  uuiouut  of  I'roflt  from  their  bees. 
We  know  that  the  extractor  must  be  ii.sed  by 
WcBiern  beo-kceiiers,  in  order  h*  keep  their 
colonies  strong  in  numbers  from  May  to  Novem¬ 
ber.  Wo  have  seen,  during  the  past  year,  many 
colonies  that  did  well  in  Juno,  but  afterward 
stored  nothing  in  boxes  j  and  though  the  hives 
were  full  lie'ow,  they  hiul  few  bees,  and  had 
given  their  owner  no  proiit.  If  tliose  colouie.s 
had  been  "robbed  "by  the  extractor  of  all  the 
honoy  they  coiikl  sjiare  early  in  the  seasou ;  the 
queen  would  have  used  the  empty  room  ;  m^e 
bees  would  have  been  rai.scd.  and  sm-pliis  boxes 
might  have  been  filled,  besides  the  jirottt  from 
the  extracted  honey.  The  siilo  of  ©.xlracted 
honey  is  auotlier  (ineation.  Wliat  wo  claim  i.s, 
that  it  is  better  to  take  the  houey  from  tlm  bees, 
even  if  it  hud  no  cash  value. 
As  to  liivcs— those  who  do  not  cure  to  increase 
their  number  of  colonies,  will  find  it  best  to  have 
largo  hives  containing  from  liftoen  to  twenty 
frames,  side  by  side.  Hives  like  these,  well  fill¬ 
ed  with  boos,  and  with  well  arranged  boxes  and 
frames  for  honey,  will  give  large  amounts  of 
honoy  In  nciiiiy  every  aeasmt.  The  comb  foun¬ 
dations  are  sure  to  bo  a  great  help,  not  only  in 
the  main  hive,  hut  in  the  surplus  boxes.  Every 
bee-keeper  can  afTord  to  have  them  in  his  boxes, 
and  also  in  his  main  hives  to  »ecore  the  combs 
straight,  as  well  as  to  save  the  hoes  time  and 
labor. 
We  hope  the  sale  of  these  will  be  large  enough 
to  reduce  the  juice  somewhat,  but  oven  at  the 
present  juice,  no  one  not  well  suppUed  with 
empty  comb,  can  afford  do  witliout  them.  In 
sm'plns  laixes,  and  frames  for  securing  box- 
honcy,  they  will  insure  the  combs  to  l)e  built 
straight,  and  give  the  bees  just  the  inducement 
to  work  in  them  which 
FLORICRLTNRAL  NOTES 
Ozone  (jenerated  b<j  Plants  and  Flomrs.— One 
of  the  most  imj)ortant  of  tlm  late  discoveries  in 
chemistry  is  that  ozone  is  generated  in  immense 
quantities  liy  all  plants  and  Uowers  possosshig 
green  leaves  and  aromatic  odors  as,  lor  instance. 
Hyacinths,  Ueliotroj)©,  Mint,  r.a vender  and  the 
like,  “Bo  jiowerful  is  tins  groat  atmospheric 
jiniifier  ’  says  the  Sanitary  Record,  “  that  it  is 
the  belief  of  cheinists  that  wliolo  distiicts  can  bo 
redeemed  from  the  deadly  malaria  whioli  infects 
th(-m.  by  simj^ly  covering  tliem  witli  aromatic 
vegetation.  Every  little  tlower  jjot,  therefore,  is 
CI)f  iliiifjuirb 
CHEAPLY  MANAGED  GRAPERY, 
Mr.  James  Doijoam.  of  Windsor,  Out.,  a 
nursmyrnati  of  long  ex[)ericneG,  gave  ttie  fol  ow¬ 
ing  aooouiit  of  his  cold  grajjory  before  the  On¬ 
tario  Fruit  Growors’  Association.  It  Is  so  con¬ 
structed  that  most  of  the  labor  of  watermg  and 
ventilating  is  obviated. 
P>y  adojitiiig  Llie  following  jdau  in  orecting  tho 
vinery  they  ivill  bo  rolieved  of  tho  greater  part 
of  this  trouble  and  have  a  fine  supply  of  delicious 
grapes,  with  no  more  trouhle  or  attention  than  is 
required  to  grow  tho  natural  vino  out  of  doors. 
The.  sashes  are  made  stationary  but  so  that  they 
can  be  imscrewed  and  taken  off  for  ropau’s  any 
time.  They  extend  from  tho  front  wall  to 
LIMA  BEANS, 
A  CORKEHI'ONDENT  uf  the  I’laot 
gives  some  particulars  about  tho  : 
large  crop  of  Lima  IJeuns  by  a  1 
farmer  : 
Tho  ground  was  a  low  jueco  which 
ly  overllown  from  a  creek  close  by. 
nm’od  hroadeast  with  staldo  i 
in.  No  manure  of  any  kind 
is  frf:queut- 
It  was  ma- 
manui'e  and  jjlowod 
,  .  J  was  used  in  tho 
huls.  Hills  jJanted  four  feet  ajairt  each  way. 
with  four  beans  to  each  hill,  were  made  on  tho 
level  surface  and  covered  (vno  inch  deep.  Planted 
May  10,  worked  and  kept  clean  with  horse  and 
cultivator;  jioIoh  not  jjut  in  till  niuncrs  of  beans 
weie  12  to  18  inches  Jong.  No  jnncliing  jiroccss 
la-acticed,  they  Ixing  allowed  to  run  at  will,  and 
made  a  very  largo  growth,  completely  covering 
jioles  and  numing  from  one  to  nnotlier.  When 
tlic  frost  canio  nml  killed  tho  vines  they  were 
lOiulod  down  with  beans  quarter  grown.  The 
lioans  were  not  stalled  in  a  hot-bed  at  all,  and 
not  soaked  previous  to  planting. 
THE  ONION  FAMILY, 
They  extend  from  tho  front  wall  to  with¬ 
in  a  fool  or  ten  inches  of  tho  back  wall  at  the 
top,  leaving  an  opening  of  ten  inches  wide  a- 
long  the  toji  to  bo  closed  by  sheet  iron  ventilators 
in  wiuler  or  when  requisite,  hut  wliich  are  kept 
constantly  ojien  from  the  time  tho  vinos  are  uu- 
covered  in  the  sjiring  til  they  are  laid  down  and 
covered  in  the  fall. 
The  jirindpal  poculiarily  is  in  the  glazing.  The 
glass  is  laid  end  to  end  without  lapping  or  putty, 
and  merely  kept  in  its  place  by  small  pieces  of 
tin,  ami  a  space  of  half  an  inch  is  left  open  be¬ 
tween  every  third  or  fourth  pane,  so  that  all  the 
rain  tliat  falls  on  tlie  house  is  distributed  pretty 
equally  over  the  entire  house,  very  little  running 
off  tlio  house  except  in  very  heavy  thunder 
storms.  There  is  no  ventilation  whatever  below, 
as  a  <h’aught  I  have  found  injurious  to  tho  vines. 
Any  air  that  comes  in  is  by  these  openings  in  the 
glazing,  and  tho  heated  air  finds  vent  at  the  top. 
Last  year  was  a  veiy  dry  one  as  well  as  this, 
we  had  no  rain  here  for  mouths,  but  tho  vines 
never  suffered  from  drouth,  though  they  were 
never  watered  or  syringed  from  the  time  they 
were  uncovered  in  the  sjiring,  when  it  was  done 
copiously,  till  again  uncovered  this  spring.  Nor 
were  they  the  least  affected  either  last  year  or 
this  with  mildew  or  red  spiders,  though  previous 
to  jnlopting  this  rule  I  was  annually  troubled 
oiu  a  guuu  many  momners  or  that  re- 
sijeetable  family  so  celebrated  for  fragrance- 
wo  mean  tlio  onion  tnbe.  Home  of  tliem.  of 
course,  are  well  known  and  apjireciuted,  ns  they 
are  very  likely  to  l.c  ;  for  tlioy  have  a  pecuUar 
way  of  attracting  attention,  Uiough  they  may  be 
too  modest  to  sjieak  for  themselves,  Others  are 
not  as  jiojnilur,  though  perhaps  not  imworthy  of 
a  passing  notice. 
Tho  leek  in  many  coimtries  is  quite  extensive¬ 
ly  grown.  In  America  it  is  found  in  the  markets 
of  our  large  cities,  and  in  some  particular  sec¬ 
tions,  but  generally  in  the  country  is  almost  un¬ 
known.  Tlie  leek  is  very  hardy,  bearing  a  good 
deal  of  freezing  when  in  the  groiuid.  witboutany 
injury,  and  tlicrefore  in  climates  not  too  severe 
is  allowed  to  remain  in  the  ground  durinu'  tlm 
IS  necessary 
EXPERIMENTS  WITH  HONEY, 
A  COBKESPOMIE.NT  of  the  Scientific  American 
gives  bis  cxperimentB  with  boos  in  1874 ; 
‘'I  put  up  six  oue-|)oniid  cans  of  beautiful 
linden  honey,  being  eatofiil  to  make  it  one 
homogeneous  mass  by  .slining.  It  was  thrown 
from  tlio  combi>  by  an  exti'actor  on  July  2(1,  and 
put  into  cans  on  ,\ugust  Ist.  Tlie  cans  were 
jilaced respectively  as  follows:  — One  in  a  dark, 
dry  collar,  one  each  luidur  shades  of  red,  yellow, 
green  and  blue  glass,  and  the  sixth  can  in  full 
light,  On  November  8th  the  honey  in  the  cellar 
candied  to  a  white.  November  22  to  December 
10,  honey  under  colored  shades  candied,  first  in 
the  red,  next  in  tho  yeUow,  green  and  bine; 
while  the  houey  in  full  light  remained  trans¬ 
parent  until  January,  when  it  soon  candied  after 
expoa-ro  to  intensely  cold  weather.  From  my 
experience  an  equal  tcmporatiiio  would  preserve 
certain  kinds  of  houey,  while  other  kinds  would 
candy  under  almo.st  any  cu-cmustance.  I  think 
that  candied  honey,  instead  of  being  looked  up¬ 
on  witli  disfavor,  should  be  recognized  a.s  evident¬ 
ly  pure.  I  hojte,  however,  that  the  above  experi¬ 
ments  will  lead  others  to  follow  up  the  light 
theory  with  beneficial  results.” 
#oi‘icu(turaI 
SAGITTARIA  SAGITTAEFOLIA. 
It  is  not  everybody  that  has  a  lake,  and  so  it 
1.S  not  everybody  that  can  cultivate  tho  beautiful 
Nymiihaeas  and  Nelumbiums  that  are  to  smaU 
bodies  of  water  what  Hoses  are  to  the  upland 
garden.  But  many  have  HjwiigB  ujx^n  their 
promises  and  little  rivulets  that  issue  therefrom ; 
many  have  low,  damp  places— incorrigible  spots-^ 
that  it  is  never  dreamed  umy  be  converted  into 
pleasing  semi-aquatic  gardens  without  oxjiense 
and  with  no  great  amoimt  of  lalmr. 
Our  engraving  rejirosents  Sfigiltaria  sagiUae- 
foUa  or  variabilis,  wliieh,  though  common  along 
the  banks  of  little  streams  and  endowed  with  no 
wou^ous  b'-auty,  is  yet  well  worth  procuiiug  for 
the  situations  above  named. 
The  varieties  which  wc  find  in  this  locality  aie, 
according  to  Prof.  Guav,  we  should  judge, 
hastatn-^imiovf  arrowed-shaped  loaves— and  a^j!- 
gustifolia,  narrower  leaves  and  more  divergent 
lobes.  The  flowers  are  coiTCctly  represented  in 
the  engraving,  of  natural  size,  borne  in  raepmes 
upon  scapes  about  one  foot  high.  They  are  in  ! 
color  white  and  in  substance  pejjahnblp.  I 
The  flowers  of  ,Sngiltana  are  diclinous.  When 
nionii.:cious,  the  femaleti  fojju  lower  whorl _ J 
the  males  above 
AMOUNT  OF  HONEY  FROM  A  HIVE. 
T.  B.  Mixeu  in  the  N.  Y.  Sun  believes  tliat 
theie  is  profit  to  he  made  in  bee  keeping,  though 
objecting  to  rose  colored  pictures  of  the  busi¬ 
ness.  lie  says : 
We  often  sec  statements  in  the  bee  jiapers  of 
100  to  200  lbs,  of  new  honey  being  obtained  from 
one  hive  or  stock  of  bees ;  but  the  writers  fail  to 
say  that  such  families  arc  those  that  do  not 
swarm ;  besides  lilUc  reliance  can  be  jfiaced  on 
what  these  men  say.  as  the  most  of  them  have 
hives  to  sell.  I  know  this  to  be  a  fact,  that 
as  in  ihe  pngi-aving.  But  we 
