MOORE’S  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
'  thirteen  tiinefl.  I  then  let  him  go,  and  when. 
Home  time  afterwarde,  I  put  the  halter  on  liim 
again  ho  waa  perfectly  docile. 
TliiM  winter,  being  two  paat,  father  gave  him 
to  me.  I  tliouglit  I  would  break  him.  I  piit  the 
harncKfl  on,  which  did  not  Bcem  to  frighten  or 
excite  him  in  tho  leaat,  bo  1  led  him  out  of  the 
barn— led  him  down  the  road.  I  Hpent  tho  ma¬ 
jor  part  of  day  in  getting  him  to  drive  by  the 
lines,  and  go  whore  and  do  just  what  I  told  hini, 
after  whioh  I  hibdiod  him  up  with  unotbor  two 
year  old  ICinribbitonian  (hi(t  muL*)  to  tho  deino- 
erat  wagoti.  and  the  other  colt  having  b<‘en  driv¬ 
en  before,  I  tied  bin  end  of  tho  doubletrt.-e  back, 
just  even,  bo  that  tho  colt,  naed  to  drawing  nome, 
had  to  draw  tho  whole  wagon  when  tho  other 
colt  Imng  back.  After  I  had  di’ivon  him  about 
half  an  hotxr,  he  drove  up,  finally,  in  the  har- 
noHB,  and  evc^r  Bince  has  boon  aw  gentle  as  any 
horse  in  Hlciiben  Co.,  and  haw  never  nmnife»bjd 
the  Iwist  iiglinoHH  or  liad  hnniasr  Hineo  the  jir«t 
days'  toil  with  him.  1  think  if  1  had  undertaken 
to  halier,  harnoKs,  hitch  np  and  drive  hitn  all  in 
one  day  when  three  years  old,  I  shoidd  have  had 
not  only  a  kicking  and  baulking  colt,  but  a  colt 
not  worth,  in  reality,  one  dollai',  whereas  i  think 
him  worth  to-day,  at  the  lowest  figure,  ifl.OOO. 
Again,  I  have  a  two-year-old  stallion  (tho  male 
of  the  one  alrcsuly  referred  to )  that  1  harnessed, 
hitched  and  rlrove,  all  in  one  day,  hut  lie  lind 
b(;on  thoroiigldy  broken  ttj  tlie  halter  at  nix 
montliB  old,  and  he  is  as  well  broken  and  as  gen¬ 
tle  as  the  other. 
My  reason  for  refening  to  this  last  colt  is  this, 
there  are  no  two  colts  that  act  alike  when  break¬ 
ing,  and  tho  manag(a’  cannot  adopt  any  one  tho- 
oi-y  of  hrealdng  all  colts,  bnt  must  study  care¬ 
fully  and  know  tho  disposition  of  the  colt  to  he 
handled,  and  then  act  upon  it.  A  colt  should  he 
well  broken  to  tho  liaJter  wlicn  weaned,  as  it  is  a 
gi'eat  eonvonletuM.*,  if  necessary,  to  move  them 
from  otic  jilace  to  ivnothiir,  and  they  sbonlil  Ijo 
harnossed  and  way-wised  to  th<‘.  road  attwoyoai's, 
but  not  dra^vii  luird.  Then  at  any  time  in  after 
life,  when  the  horse  has  reached  working  natur¬ 
ally,  ho  will  he  ready  and  willing  to  do  whatever 
can  be  reasonably  required  of  bun.  j.  w.  n. 
Addison,  N.  Y. ' 
—  ■  ■  ■ 
MANAGEMENT  OF  BROOD  MARES. 
Mr.  M.  W.  Dtns’UAM  of  111.,  last  year  made 
some  large  purchasea  of  I'ercheron  horses,  and 
in  a  recent  letter  lie  thus  describes  the  French, 
or  Perche  metliod  of  hreisling. 
The  (livision  of  the  sexes  in  I’orche  diffex's  fi'ora 
most  conulJios  wliere  htirses  are  niiseil.  One  sec¬ 
tion  has  the  mares  and  prodnoos  tho  colts,  while 
another  section  buys  and  raiHes  tliem.  No  mat¬ 
ter  what  may  bo  the  class  to  which  she  belongs, 
light  or  heavy,  or  par  taking  of  both,  the  mare  is 
expected  to  breed  ovci'y  year.  If  baiTou,  slio  is 
sold.  This  fault  couiinuing,  she  passes  into 
public  use.  During  her  gestation,  Mhe  works 
constantly.  A  few  days’  rest  befoi'o  and  after 
foaling  is  the  only  time  lost.  The  remainder  of 
her  work  pays  abundantly  for  keep  and  the  iutor- 
est  on  her  cost.  At  tlie  age  of  live  or  six  months 
the  colt  is  abruptly  weaned  and  sold.  Led  into 
the  intei'ior  upon  tlic*  fertile  meadows  if  remains 
one  year  uuprcKluctivo.  In  winter,  it  is  fed  on 
hay,  in  the  stuhle.,  and  during  tho  line  seiuson 
tunied  into  the  field  to  graze.  To  sum  up,  it  is 
rather  pooi  ly  nourishoil  on  bran,  grass  and  hay. 
The  reason  is,  that  if'  is  j'ot  uiiiiroductive  to  its 
master,  and  it  feels  tho  efl'eet.  Walt  a  little.  Its 
hai'dost  time  has  gone  by ;  and  wox  k  will  Hoften 
its  lot.  It  reaches,  in  this  manner,  tho  ago  of 
fifteen  to  eighteen  moutliH.  At  this  age  the  colt 
is  put  to  work.  Naturally  docile  and  in  tho 
hands  of  a  man  always  patient  and  kind,  the 
ti’aining  is  generally  easy.  Assigned  to  faimi  la¬ 
bor  tlie  colt  plows  or  draws  a  wagon,  llarnessed 
w’ith  four  or  five  colts  of  itt;  own  ago,  togetlicr 
they  pull  what  would  ho  an  easy  loa<l  for  two 
good  horses.  Put  hofm'o  oxen  or  joined  to  throe 
of  its  eoini>anions,  Uio  young  animal  plows,  and 
is  never  overworked.  Now  it  is  fed  hotter,  and 
receives  better  care.  Its  ‘lanrale  improves,  and 
its  master  seems  to  delight  in  iiontomiilating  the 
jirogross  ami  dsveloimient  of  f  ho  desirublo  quali¬ 
ties.  Master,  HCrvant,  laxge  and  small,  aJJ  deeji- 
iy  imbued  with  tho  love  of  the  horse,  unite  in 
this  xvorkwitlx  admirable  skill.  Thus,  in  travel¬ 
ing  tbrough  Perche.  one  involuntarily  stops  in 
the  midtlJ/i  of  the  fields  to  see  the  colt  woih, 
utiver  tired  of  luimirtug  the  vigor  it  disjilays  and 
the  goutlom^ss  with  whioh  it  is  treated.  .  At  the 
ago  of  tlneo,  the  ileaucw  farmer  buys  the  colt  to 
woi'k  his  soft  and  light  soil.  For  him  tho  young 
animal  must  be  jireserved  ijitact,  its  development 
uninjured,  nay,  encouraged. 
The  colt  has  thus  boon  worked  one  year,  abiijl- 
dantly  fed,  but  supplied  witli  little  or  no  grain. 
Doing  enough  ligiit  work  to  pay  its  keeping,  the 
master  has  received  enough  besides  the  manure 
to  pay  a  heavy  interest  on  ilie  cost  of  his  oolt, 
Thu  jirimitivo  work,  which  would  have  been  in- 
jiu'ious  under  a  careless  mauagement,  is,  on  Ihe 
contrai’y,  beneficial  so  long  as  the  colt  is  in  tlxe 
hands  of  a  good  master.  This  is  so  much  the 
general  case,  that  tlic  contrary  is  the  exception. 
The  animal  grows  and  becomes  better  developed 
in  size  and  sti’ongth  than  if  not  worked. 
- - 
KEEPING  USELESS  HORSES. 
This  is  a  Bubjo-ct  wbicli  deserves  more  atten¬ 
tion  [than  It  gener.ally  receiveH.  Tlxousands  of 
liorsos  are  kf!|)t  at  large  expense  without  doing 
enough  work  to  earn  (heir  l)Oiird.  In  ninny 
cases  tbcBo  KuperlliionM  liorses  could  be  made 
useful  by  employing  tnoiv*  hired  belji ;  but  where 
this  is  imiiractieuble  they  slionld  tie  disposed  of 
at  once.  ,1.  V.  W.  writes  very  HeiiHlbly  in  tho 
(kmnti'y  (lentleman  on  this  tojiic: 
Tlio  habit  of  keeping  a  lot  of  useless  liorMes  al¬ 
most  too  good  to  give  away,  anil  hardly  worth 
k«‘epiug,  in  many  families  is  liereditnry,  handed 
down  from  father  to  son,  and  haa  bfsiome  a 
chionic  coinjilaint.  Wliat  shall  be  done  to  rem¬ 
edy  this  evil?  The  answer  is— avoid  accnnmla- 
tion.  Very  few  men  stai’t  in  busineHs  with  too 
many  horses,  Imt  they  increase  in  diUerent  ways. 
I’amier  A.  thinks  it  would  Iw  profitable  to  raise 
a  few  colts  to  sell,  which  is  all  well  enough. 
Neighbor  11.  has  sold  one  for  a  good  piico,  and 
A.  knows  his  colt  is  fully  as  good  a  one,  if  not 
better,  and  ol  course  he  must  have  the  same 
price,  or  more.  Time  rolls  on,  liorses  are  on  tlie 
inci’oase,  finally  a  team  is  snjiposed  t<i  Ijo  I’eady 
for  Halo.  TIiIh  time  neighbor  C.  has  sold  a  team 
foj’  a  fancy  price.  A.  feels  now  that  he  has  too 
many  horses,  and  would  like  to  sell  his  team,  and 
would  do  BO  if  ho  could  got  the  iirico  (J.  sold  at. 
Ho  knows  his  team  is  just  as  good,  porhapH  not 
quite  as  well  nmU’hed,  or  in  as  piimo  condition, 
or  as  well  In-oken ;  yet  in  his  own  mind  ho  is  saL 
istied  that  hls  team  is  really  woith  the  most 
money.  Ho  does  not  rea  lizo  that  to  get  a  fancy 
jirico  it  is  more  important  to  Jiave  a  feood  cus¬ 
tomer  than  a  good  team.  Yet  farmer  A.  is  not 
discouraged,  hut  means  to  sell  his  team,  and  have 
a  good  jnioe  for  them. 
In  a  few  yeai-s  he  will  have  fi-om  six  to  nine 
horses  on  the  farm,  and  no  nioi’c  work  tlian  throe 
or  four  at  most  ctiuld  do,  if  well  fed  and  cax'ed 
for.  These  extra  hoi'ses  arc  an  expense  of  at 
least  from  to  $^1(1(1  yearly,  taking  into  ac¬ 
count  feed,  shoeing,  and  interest  on  tlie  money 
for  which  they  might  bo  sold.  How  nmcli  bcttei' 
to  devote  this  sum  to  ini|irov«nientK,  charity, 
travel,  or  good  books !  Tlie  amount  of  labor 
that  a  good  b.'am  can  do,  when  well  fed  luid  cared 
for  by  a  person  who  makes  it  his  business  to  fol¬ 
low  them,  is  wonderful.  F.xperienoc  teaches  mo 
that  they  lu-o  fully  equal  (u  1  wo  teams  fed  and 
oared  for  in  thcaveriige  way  among  fanners;  auij 
certainly  the  eipcioc  is  iniii'li  less.  This  is  what 
is  to  he  looked  after  in  all  hn.Hiness;  for  just  in 
jirojiortion  as  expeiiRes  ar«  curtailed  or  increased, 
will  Uie  iiroflts  be  moro  or  less. 
Keeping  an  extra  tenm  year  after  year,  simply 
to  do  a  couple  of  weeks’  extra  work  in  the  siiring, 
and  as  rnneh  more  in  the  fall,  is  worse  than  iise- 
loHH.  My  remedy  to  avoid  ibis  incroaso  of  horse 
stock  is  to  sell.  Wbeiifcver  I  can  get  a  buyer  for 
a  horse,  Ido  not  bold  on  to  got  my  neighbor’s 
jirioos.  As  J  said  before, more  depends  on  the 
customer  than  on  (be  boi^e,  ns  far  as  getting  a 
fancy  price  is  coneeriied.  It  is  better  to  siitfer 
inconvenience  ten  dnys  in  Ibo  year  on  account  of 
not  having  h.ianis  enough,  than  to  bo  bairassed 
all  tbo  rest  of  the  year  with  too  many. 
- - -♦♦♦ - 
WE  DRIVE  HORSES  TO  EXCESS. 
By  driving  to  excess  wo  mean  that  horses  are 
pulled  and  hauled,  jerked  amltwitcheiitoo  much 
with  tlio  reins.  There  is  too  much  guiding  w  ith 
the  linos.  Coneerning  tliis  subject  Ihe  iVairie 
Fanner  Bays  (in  truth)  that  tho  ‘'most  viciouB 
suid  inexcusable  stylo  of  driving  is  tlio  manner 
which  HO  many  drivers  adopt,  to  wit:  Wrapping 
the  lines  around  thoir  hands  and  pulling  the  horse 
bai-kwai’d  with  all  thoir  might  and  main,  so  that 
tho  horse,  in  point  of  fact,  feels  Uie  weight  back 
of  him,  with  his  mouth,  and  not  with  his  breast 
and  shoulders.  This  they  do  under  the  impression 
that  such  a  dead  pull  is  ueeded  in  order  to 
‘  steady  ’  tho  horse. 
"Tho  fact  is,  xvitlirare exceiitions,  there sliould 
never  be  any  pull  upon  the  horse  at  all.  A 
steady  pressure  is  allowable,  proliahly  advisable  ; 
but  anything  beyond  tliis  has  no  jnstification  in 
nature  or  reason.  For  nature  suggests  tho  ut¬ 
most  freedom  of  tho  action  of  tlie  head,  body  and 
limbs,  in  order  that  the  animal  may  attain  tho 
highest  jiossiblo  rate  of  speed.  In  Kpeoding  a 
horse  Uie  lines  need  seldom  he  giawped  in  both 
hands  when  the  road  is  stright  and  free  from  ol> 
stnictions.  The  true  way  to  drive  is  to  let  the  hori  e 
<lrive  himself,  Uie  driver  doing  little  but  directing 
him  and  giving  him  that  confidence  which  a  horse 
gets  in  himself  only  when  he  feels  that  a  guide 
and  frioud  is  back  oT  him." 
Bri  ttle  Feet.— AYash  the  horses’  feet  eJeau 
every  night,  and  when  (U'y  apply  a  coating  of  the 
following  with  a  brush  : — Fish  oil,  one  part ; 
vegetable  tax-,  one  jiart;  oil  of  tar,  one-eighUi 
part.  Apply  to  Loof  only. — Live  Slock 
Journal, 
^avm  (5(oiiomj|. 
IMPROVEMENT  OF  OLD  PASTURES. 
This  is  a  veiy  iin]x»rtant  subject,  and  tlio 
moans  for  accomplishing  the  object  will  inhaest 
many  fannoiH.  Mr.  E.  Woon  of  Concord,  Ma.ss., 
w  ritcH  in  the  New  England  I’amier : 
The  jiaslures  in  this  town  will  not  keep  nearly 
as  much  stock  as  tlioy  would  twenty  ycar.s  ago. 
There  are  hundreds  and  Imndrcds  of  acres  nscil 
for  paBtnrage  Unit  are  not  worthy  of  the  icoui!. 
There  is  in  one  neighborhood  moro  than  a  thoii- 
Hand  ncre»,  once  noted  for  its  value  in  tliat  re- 
fipeet,  naturally  good  land,  nndiilating,  too  stony 
to  plongli  to  advantage,  whore,  since  my  remem- 
hrauce,  cattle  were  fattod— now  not  able  to  cairy 
a  sheep  to  the  acre— covered  with  bnishcs  and 
almost  worthless. 
I  have  had  much  exjieriencc  iifimproving  pas¬ 
ture  land  of  almost  ei  ery  deseri|ition,  and  used 
many  kinds  of  ferUlizera  in  thoir  roelaination, 
and  came  to  the  conclusion  many  years  ago  tliat 
tlio  jilow  was  indispeuBable  in  their  improvo- 
numt.  1  am  aware  tluit  much  depends  on  the 
naluro  and  condition  of  tho  soil.  When  cowh 
wore  koiit  on  my  farm,  Uieir  manure  was  not 
evenly  tli.stHbntod,  and,  being  taken  out  of  the 
pasture  nights,  the  grass  failed.  Two  years 
since,  some  oiglitocn  liorses  and  colts  were  kept ; 
they  are  very  ilcstruetivc,  stamping  out  the 
gi-assoH  with  Uieir  incessant  running  and  frolick¬ 
ing,  and  their  drojqiings,  (exccjit  the  hqiiid,)  are 
of  very  litUe  acooiuit,  if  loft  ou  tJio  field  and  ex¬ 
posed. 
As  a  last  expeiiioonl  1  am  trying  sheeii,  and 
for  two  rea.sons,  and  tho  best  one  (it  must  bo 
admitted)  is  tho  profit  of  early  iambs.  My  sheep 
havo  alrcaily  had  sixty-nine  lambs,  with  tlio  loss 
of  only  two,  and  some  of  tlieiii  weigh  over  thirty 
pounds.  The  second  reason  is  tlio  ‘•iniprove- 
mont  of  tho  pastxu'e."  In  that  I  have  not  boon 
disappointed.  In  Uio  Ih-st  i>lace,  my  pasture  w  ill 
keep  moro  than  I  expected ;  and  tliough  shce]> 
feed  in  spots  wlicro  tho  feed  is  sweetest,  and,  of 
course,  leave  their  miuiuro  there,  it  was  not  the 
pasture  that  needed  to  bo  imjiroviil  (lie  most, 
cxcciit  to  be  cnricJied.  reojile  have  expressed 
Uieir  surprise  at  the  results.  In  passing  over 
Uie  pasture  where  tlic  sheep  freiiiinni  most,  you 
would  say  it  was  newly  toji  dressed,  and  Unit  the 
grass  hud  thickened  wonderfully’.  On  annllicr 
portion  good  red  top  hay  was  mown,  showing 
that  my  one  hundred  and  tliii'ty  sheep  iiiid  lambs 
were  imi  overstock.  Sheep  aie  great  scaveiigers, 
and  there  Is  hardly  anything  that  gl  ows  natimally’ 
on  (lie  lot  hut  what  they  will  eat.  exeejit  a  coarse 
grass  that  always  follows  the  cutting  of  wood. 
There  wero  some  seven  or  eight  acres  of  this  de¬ 
scription.  where  wood  was  cut  four  years  ago ; 
tho  jiieco  was  plowed  imperfectly,  harrowed, 
and  grass  seed  sown,  bnt,  being  a  dry  year,  tho 
coarse  grass  got  tho  advantage.  Horses  eat  it, 
but  sheep  will  not;  horses  would  not  cat  an  oak 
or  birch  sjirout,  brier  or  bliiherry  hush,  but  shoe]! 
cat  evoi-ything  of  the  kind.  F.very  day  you  lind 
them  looking  for  vaiiety,  no  matter  liow  good 
the  grass  is.  1  cannot  say  as  yet  as  to  the  profit, 
hut  tho  iWBturc  is  improving,  equivalent,  almost, 
to  tho  cost  of  keeping  iu  summer. 
H.  K.  Baiidall,  Uie  licsl  authority,  say’s — "  tliat 
four  hunih’eil  sheep  will,  if  properly  managed, 
manure  and  improve  from  year  to  year  forty-five 
acres," — a  statement  whieh,  from  my  own  expe¬ 
rience,  I  fully  heUeve  in.  I  do  not  H.ay’  the  busi¬ 
ness  will  lie  oontinuod  on  my  farm  for  a  great 
length  of  time,  but  some  reports  shall  he  made 
satisfactory’  in  regard  to  it,  if  not  prevented  by 
dogs  or  disease. 
- - ♦♦♦ - 
PASTURES. -ENGLISH  TREATMENT. 
PnoF.  W.  J.  Beai.  in  tho  reiiort  of  tho  Michigan 
Board  of  Agri  ultm’C,  presents  the  views  of  En¬ 
glish  farmers  on  Uie  subject  of  keeping  a  part  of 
tlio  farm  in  pennunont  iiasture  or  meadow.  Ac¬ 
cording  to  Uieir  belief  and  jiraetice,  a  jiasture 
never  becomes  very  good  until  it  baa  been  seed¬ 
ed  six  or  moro  years,  and  iu  Uieir  Tipiniou,  it  is 
undersii’able  to  break  up  tolerably  good  pnstiu'os 
for  Uie  pmqiusc  of  converting  tliem  into  arable 
land.  They  havo  stuilicd  the  nature  of  different 
grasKe.s  and  tiie  soils  to  which  they  are  adapted, 
eoiefully’ and  in'opare  mixtures  of  seeds  suitable 
for  e.ach  geological  formation.  'J’he  object  is  to 
have  tho  grasses  mature  at  different  seasons  of 
tho  yoai’,  producing  a  permanent  and  evergreen 
Bwai'd.  It  is  the  general  belief  in  (ireat  Britain, 
wo  arc  told,  that  iiormanont  iiasture,  when  in  oiier- 
ly  managed,  yields  a  hotter  <iuality  of  grass  or 
hay  than  one  newly  seeded,  and  that  the  qnunli- 
ty  does  not  dimiiish  w’itli  the  ago  of  the  iiasliu-o. 
Mr.  Clement  Cadle,  aftei’  twenty  years'  experi¬ 
ence,  oonelmlos  that,  in  England,  money  judi¬ 
ciously  used  in  improving  gras.s  land  pays  a  more 
certain  return  Uian  when  cxiicnded  in  the  growth 
of  wheat.  He  cousider.s  the  question  of  apply’- 
ing  manures  properly,  a  dilHcnlt  one,  but  gives 
tho  follow’iiig  general  rule  : — "  In  propoi’tion  as 
the  laud  is  inclined  to  grow  bent  or  stocky  grass, 
inclining  to  seed,  apply  ammoniacal  manures.  If 
the  land  produces  thlek,  short,  leafy  herbage, 
the  phoBjihatc  niannres  must  be  applied." 
Mr.  S.  H.  Tliompsoii,  aiiotber  English  farmer, 
concludes  that  money  used  in  im)iroving  grass 
land  gives  a  better  rotnm  than  on  aiablo  land. 
With  him  gofsl  barnyard  niannie  is  a  standard. 
Coaraely-imlv’crizeil  bones  and  barnyard  manure 
jirnduced  lasting  results,  often  very  marked  for 
twenty  years.  Mr.  Law  os  exjiresscs  the  opinion 
that  Is, nos  iij>iienr  to  lie  chiefly  lulajitcd  to  tbo 
exb.anstcd  jia.sture.s  of  certain  localities.  He 
rceoiiiineiids  a  dressing  of  barnyard  manure  once 
in  five  years,  with  application  of  nitrate  of  soda 
the  other  four  yoai  s. 
They  eonduct  experiments  w  itli  more  care  in 
England  than  wo  do  in  this  country,  or  at  least 
exhibit  moro  patience  in  condnef  ing  experiments 
through  a  Heries  of  years,  and  we  liiivo  outlined 
the  views  given  liecanse  they  are  based  on  care¬ 
ful  experiments. 
B,  H.  Huntley  of  f  .’oldstream,  England,  in  the 
rojKirt  of  this  year  (187.1)  says  lie  ’‘haid  dowii 
tliree  fields  to  permanent  grass  by  the  process 
known  as  ‘inoculation.”’  Ho  succeeded  finely. 
Willi  a  jilow  he  turned  from  an  old  pasture  field 
strips  of  (iiiT  1  inches  wide.  These  were  cut  ii)) 
with  spades  into  pieces  4  ine.lios  long.  They 
were  put  all  over  the  new  field  in  little  lioles  1 
foot  ajiart.  Tlien  (lie  field  was  rolled.  I’rof. 
Beal  has  apjilied  this  Kystein  to  lawns,  and  he- 
lioves  it  is  a  surer  and  more  rajiid  way  than  by 
using  seed  for  lawns. 
♦  ♦♦- 
OAT  STRA’W'  INJURIOUS, 
From  a  report  of  the  Famiors’  Club  at  the 
I'lxperinicntal  Farm  in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  wo  take 
tho  following  jiapcr  by  J.  L.  Carter: 
March  IS  we  began  giving  a  common  cow  (se¬ 
lected  on  account  of  being  a  ravenous  eater)  as 
much  oat  straw  as  she  would  eat  in  adilitiou  to 
her  usual  feed  of  cut  foilder,  hay  and  meal.  Tho 
first  few  feeds  she  ate  ravenously  of  the  straw, 
but  settled  to  3  or  4  lbs.  at  a  feed.  March  19  we 
began  weighing  lici  milk,  and  found  that  eight 
milkings  made  91  lbs.  of  niilli,  or  an  average  of 
23  lbs.  8oz.  a  diiy.  We  Iben  cei.sed  feeding  her 
Uio  oat  straw  and  put  her  on  her  usual  feed.  Wo 
llioii  I'oimd  six  milkings  made  77  lbs.  I  oz.,  or  an 
average  of  2.1  llis.  10  oz.  a  day.  Tbo  whole  ox- 
porinieut  resulteil  as  follows:— 94  lbs.  of  milk 
made  8  lbs.  .1  oz.  of  cream  and  2  lbs.  14}.^  oz.  of 
butter— taking  32  lbs.  of  milk  to  make  1  Hi.  of 
biitb  ri  77  lbs.  1  oz.  of  milk  made  7  lbs.  5  oz.  of 
cream  and  2  Ois.  14  oz.  of  butter,  and  took  20)^ 
lbs.  of  niiJU  to  make  1  lb.  of  butter.  This  sliow- 
ing  would  imlicato  that  the  out  straw  was  a  se¬ 
rious  injury.  Bnt  during  this  jiiirt  of  tbo  fee<l- 
ing  the  weather  was  quite  cold  and  stormy,  and 
all  tlio  cows  shrunk  in  their  milk— how  much  of 
the  deficiency  was  duo  to  tJiia  ciiiiso  we  cannot 
tell.  Wo  Would  feel  hetler  satisfied  to  try  tho 
oxiiorimeut  when  tho  weather  lieeouies  settled, 
and  iierhaps  tiw  the  whole  In-rd. 
N.  .1.  Kharjiloss  said  it  would  ho  a  good  idea 
not  to  feed  hay  when  feeding  the  oat  straw.  The 
imjircHsiou  existed  that  tlie  oat  straw  affected  the 
taste  of  the  butter.  Thoa.  M.  Harvey  said  that 
Isaac  8.  Dance  of  West  Marlborough  was  once 
informed  by  hia  city  dealer  that  hie  butter  was 
not  as  good  as  it  had  been,  and  he  and  his  wife 
set  about  finding  out  the  cause,  when  lie  acci¬ 
dentally  discovered  Ids  cow  eating  her  bediling, 
whieh  was  oat  straw,  and  upon  changing  this 
style  of  bedding  ho  heard  no  fiu’tlier  ooinplaiiit 
about  luH  butter.  Enos  Barnard  has  bad  tho 
same  trouble,  and  roiucfiicd  it  in  the  same  way. 
'I'ho  siioaker  said,  however,  that  tliis  diJ  not 
prove  that  it  was  tho  oat  sti’aw’  that  did  the  mis¬ 
chief  ;  it  may  havo  been  duo  to  the  dirt  which 
may  havo  been  on  the  straw  and  eaten  irith  it. 
■ .  ■♦  ♦  ♦ - 
“LASTING"  FERTILIZERS. 
Prof.  .STocKiiRinfiE,  in  a  recent  address  before 
a  FarnierH’  (Hub,  tlius  disposes  of  tho  idea  that 
it  is  aclxTsable  to  use  slow-actiug  manm’os: 
If  it  is  jiossiblo  to  realize  tho  full  benefit  of  a 
fertilizer  in  one  yeni’,  rather  than  to  xvait  four, 
lot  us  do  it.  No  mercliaut,  with  a  convouient 
market  for  buying,  will  lay  in  a  foui'  years’  stock 
of  goods  at  one  time.  Of  course,  tho  old  rule  of 
charging  50  jicr  cent,  of  the  inanuro  to  tho  first 
crop,  30  to  the  second,  20  to  the  third,  holds 
good.  Even  if  all  tho  chemical  matter  were 
taken  up  the  first  year,  forces  would  be  started 
whicli  would  increase  the  second  crop.  In  cou- 
bideriiig  what  fertilizers  ho  should  use,  tlie  far¬ 
mer  must  bear  in  mind  the  character  of  his  soil 
and  croj).  The  carting  of  muck  and  other  heavy 
niaterials  into  the  yard  for  composting  is  too 
costly,  iu  labor,  lo  be  juotitable,  imless  to  save 
niivmiic  wbicli  is  wasting.  The  surest  way  to 
docompoHo  barnyard  niamu'c  is  to  apply  from 
100  to  200  lbs.  of  jilaster  lo  the  cord:  the  latter 
amoiinl  is  better,  and  it  should  be  well  "  forked 
in.” 
♦  ♦  » - 
In  hauling  maimre  from  barnyards,  use  two 
wagons  with  one  team  and  two  men— one  man 
loading  wliile  the  oUiCr  is  drawing  away  and  un¬ 
loading.  In  this  way  double  the  woik  can  he  ^ 
done  with  only  one  team. 
>  qJ. 
