MOORE'S  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
pairi)  |jusl)iuih-i). 
.  TURNING  DAIRY  COWS  TO  PASTURE. 
In  turning  cows  to  pastiu-e  in  tlie  spring, 
thoro  is  a  wido  (litt'erciicc  in  tlio  practice  of 
dairj’incu.  Homo  allow  tlic  stock  to  range  over 
pastures  very  early  in  the  season  and  before 
gi’ass  has  started,  and  no  attempt  is  matte  to 
keep  it  ofT  tlic  ground  at  any  time  during  spring. 
We  have  even  heard  it  urged  that  there  is  some 
advantage  in  this,  as  the  old  tufts  of  glass  left 
from  last  yeiir’s  growth  are  not  wholly  wanting 
in  nutrition — that  cattle  will  feed  upon  them 
more  or  less,  thus  saving  fodder,  while  at  the 
same  time  tho  grazing  of  the  old  grass  gets  it 
out  of  the  way  and  is  of  advantage  to  the  now 
crop. 
There  is  serious  objection  to  allowing  cows  to 
roam  over  pastures  during  tiarly  spihig,  while 
tho  frost  is  out  of  tho  ground  and  while  It  is  in  a 
soft  and  unsettled  .stale.  The  land  is  imached 
up  by  the  tread  nf  cattle  and  the  gi-assos  killed 
out  or  very  much  injured  in  these  places.  Again, 
the  long  oontinnance  of  the  diet  of  dry  foiMcr 
during  winter  rorulorB  the  animals  in  spring 
eager  to  get  a  taste  of  anything  savoring  of 
green  herbage,  and  they  gnaw  down  into  tho 
ground  and  ])ull  the  grass  out  by  the  roots,  which 
is  easily  cfTceted,  as  the  land  is  loose  and  tlio 
roots  not  held  firmly  in  the  soli. 
This  practice  is  a  fruitful  source  of  jMtstiires 
running  out,  and  must  he  condemned  as  alto¬ 
gether  too  irijm-ions  and  unprofitable,  since  tho 
small  amount  of  nutrition  obtained  from  the 
forage  will  not  much  more  than  supply  tho  waste 
of  the  system  from  the  extra  work  of  travel  and 
of  roaming  about  in  searcli  of  green  food. 
The  opixisito  course  praelisod  is  to  keep  stock 
yarded  until  pastures  have  obtained  a  good 
growth  of  grass,  and  the  argument  imged  for 
this  course  is  tlmt  unless  pastures  get  a  fair 
start,  tho  stock  will  eat  It  down  close,  keeping  it 
short  all  the  season,  and  thus  tho  jdeld  will  not 
only  lio  less,  hut  during  tho  season  an  iusufil- 
cient  amount  of  food  is  supplied.  'ITie  objeotion 
to  this  course  is  that  where  cows  are  kept  from 
the  pasture  until  it  has  a  larger  growtli  and  arc 
then  tunujd  in,  tlicy  overfeed,  and  tlie  sudden 
change  from  dry  Ui  gre*-n  fyo<l,  affects  tho  health 
of  the  animal,  not  unfrennontly  causing  serious 
troubles.  And  again  ;  the  grass  often  gets  such 
a  start  that  a  considerable  portion  in  places  be¬ 
comes  hard  ami  woody  before  it  is  cropped  and 
is  left  unappropriated. 
The  best  refiults  from  pastures  is  where  they 
are  kept  in  moderate  growth,  or  so  that  the  ani¬ 
mals  can  get  a  goo.1  bite  of  grass  and  all  parts 
of  the  field  are  eaten  over,  from  week  to  week. 
1'he  grass  must  be  sweet,  nutritious  and  palat¬ 
able,  and  this  state  is  best  secured  before  it  bus 
DCipiired  a  liigh  growth  and  is  approacliiug  ma¬ 
turity. 
The  best  results  obtained  is  when  a  middle 
course  is  practical.  Lot  the  animals  bo  kept  in 
tho  yard  until  the  ground  is  well  settled  and  the 
glasses  have  made  a  fair  stait ;  tlien  allow*  the 
stock  to  go  to  pasture  at  first  hut  a  short  time 
during  the  day,  but  uot  long  enough  to  fill  them¬ 
selves.  This  should  bo  contiunod  for  several 
days,  or  until  they  have  become  graduallj'  accus¬ 
tomed  to  tho  change  of  food,  wlien  they  may  be 
turned  to  pasture  for  the  whole  time ;  but  hay 
should  ho  fed  iu  small  quantities  at  least  once  a 
day  BO  long  as  tlie  cow*8  have  a  desire  for  it. 
Pastures  should  not  bo  overstocked,  since 
ovoixtocking  not  only  decreases  greatly  the  aver¬ 
age  yield  of  milk  from  the  whole  herd,  but  it  se¬ 
riously  damages  the  productiveness  and  penna- 
noncy  of  pastures,  causing  the  grass  to  be  eradi-  j 
cated  and  leaving  tho  space  thus  left  to  be  occu¬ 
pied  by  weeds  wliicli,  from  not  being  cropped, 
accumulate,  and  spread  with  wonderful  rapidity. 
The  most  productive  pastures  ai*e  those  which 
are  thickly  set  with  a  variety  of  grasses,  fonning 
a  thick,  smooth  sw'ord,  with  no  intervening  spaces 
for  the  lodgment  of  woods  or  otherwise,  and  if 
proper  attention  bo  given  to  such  lauds,  tho  best 
results  will  be  obtained  not  only  in  the  amount  < 
of  food  yielded,  hut  also  tliat  of  milk  from  the  ' 
herds  grazing  upon  them. 
-■  ♦  ♦  »  . . 
SAVING  RENNETS. 
A  coKKEHPONDENT  iuquii'es  as  to  the  best 
method  of  saving  reiuiot  Wo  have  tried  several  i 
ways  in  our  practice — sti'etchiiig  the  skins  on  a 
hoop  or  crotched  stick — filling  them  with  salt — 
Iiacking  them  in  a  cask  with  salt,  Ac.  Dut  of 
late  we  have  adopted  the  Ravaiian  plan,  which 
consists  iu  iullatiug  the  skin  like  a  bladder,  tying 
the  end  tightly  to  retain  the  inflated  condition 
until  the  skni.<;  ai-e  perfectly  diy.  Salt  should  be 
used  freely  at  the  point  where  the  oruice  is  tied  i 
to  hold  the  an*,  but  as  the  other  pai’ts  dry  down 
quickly,  none  is  needed  except,  perhaps,  in  very  ' 
hot  weather, 
The  skins  on  removal  from  the  calf,  should 
not  be  soaked  or  washed  w  ith  water.  They  should 
be  tm-ned  and  emptied  of  their  contents  and  all 
dirt  wiped  off  with  a  cloth.  Then  tmning  the 
slun  back  agahi,  insert  a  iinill  or  tube  ami  inflate 
as  you  would  a  bladder,  tying  the  orifleo  as  be¬ 
fore  stated.  They  should  lie  hung  in  a  di*y  at- 
mosphoro.  but  not  near  a  hot  stove,  as  high  heat 
has  the  effect  of  injuring  tho  steength  of  tlio 
rennet.  In  saving  rennets  great  care  should  ho 
taken  to  select  only  friau  Imalthy  calves.  If  tho 
stouiach  is  badly  discoloi*ed  or  shows  signs  of 
Laving  Lccn  inflamed  or  disea-sed,  it  should  be  at 
once  discarded,  for  such  rommts  work  mischief 
and  cause  tamts  to  bo  developed  in  the  cheese. 
—  - -  .. 
SOAK  YOUR  BUTTER  PACKAGES. 
I  HAVE  noticed  constantly  the  habit  of  dairy¬ 
men  of  packing  their  butter  into  now  butter 
packages  without  being  soaked.  This  is  tho 
greatest  mistake  that  daujauon  can  jimkc  in 
packuig  butler.  I’ho  packages  which  are  now, 
unlesH  soaked,  hnpwt  the  flavor  of  tlie  wood  in 
the  butter  which  is  rottdity  detected  and  dopre- 
cialos  the  quality  and  price  from  2c.  to  .'Sc.  iwr 
pound.  I  have  hcoii  butter  which  lias  come  to 
tliis  mai'ket  wliicb  I  know  had  been  mado  by 
good  and  experienced  butter  makers  and  was 
really  tine  when  paokod,  doprcciatod,  as  hereto¬ 
fore  said,  from  2c,  to  5c.  per  pound  by  careloss- 
uoHs  in  not  soaking  the  packages. 
Now  it  is  to  tho  interest  of  all  butter  makers  to 
make  good  butter  and  have  it  come  in  sweet,  good 
eoiidition,  which  will  bring  good  prices. 
Dairymen  have  often  wondered  why  their  but¬ 
ter  did  not  bring  good  prices.  I'hey  say  onr  but¬ 
ter  was  fine,  ami  refer  to  then*  ueighhors  to  ver¬ 
ify  their  statement !  This  may  all  be  true  ;  but 
do  they  ever  ask,  Did  our  butter  airive  in  gnod 
condition— was  it  sweet  ?  etc.  No  ;  tliey  never 
ask  this  question,  but  pack  their  butter  m  pack¬ 
ages  without  tho  uccoHLiaory  preparations,  ami 
send  it  off  to  market  iu  a  harry  and  look  for  top 
market  prices. 
Now  we  advise  ail  dairymen  to  soak  their  paok- 
agos  at  least  twenty-four  hours  before  packing 
their  butter.  Fkauk  Jajues. 
- »♦  »  - - 
DAIRYING  IN  TENNESSEE, 
Peesons  who  have  visited  Tennessee  and  have 
become  familial*  with  the  resources  of  tho  Htate 
and  its  climate,  liave  frequently  cxi>resscd  to  us 
the  opinion  that  a  considerable  portion  of  the 
State,  esjMiciaUy  East  Teonosseo,  is  well  adapted 
to  the  Dairy.  Nearly  all  of  this  section  is  so 
among  the  mountuine  as  to  be  cool  iu  summer, 
while  it  is  far  enough  South  to  avoid  the  long 
and  severe  winters  which  are  so  trying  and  ex- 
peuaive  to  the  dairy  farmer  of  the  Northern  and 
Middle  Slates. 
The  productions  of  the  soil  of  East  Tennessee 
are  tlie  same  as  those  of  tho  Northern  and  Middle 
States.  Wheat,  corn,  and  other  grain  crops  can 
he  grown.  The  lands  are  well  adapted  to  grass, 
aud  pastures  are  productive  and  protitabte.  Hay 
is  readily  grown,  for  which  thoro  is  a  fair  market 
in  Georgia  and  Alabama.  Apples,  pears,  poach¬ 
es,  plums,  cherries,  berries  of  all  kinds,  aud 
grapes  do  well  almost  anywhere  in  East  Ten¬ 
nessee. 
A  correspondent  from  Rogersvillo,  East  Ten- 
uoHsee,  in  a  recent  letter  writes  ns,  saying  there 
is  cousiderable  buttei*  made  by  tlie  farmers  in 
this  part  of  tho  State,  but  there  are  no  factories  ' 
either  for  butter  or  cheese.  Tlie  batter  pro¬ 
duced  is  pour  and  sells  rather  low,  hut  as  good 
can  be  made  here  as  lu  any  part  of  the  United 
States. 
A  good  article  will  bring  fair  rates,  and  one 
lady  is  mentioned  who  has  engage!.!  her  butter  at 
60c.  iier  pound  for  tbe  season  to  go  to  a  South¬ 
ern  city,  Tho  railroad  connections  with  the 
Southern  States,  he  says,  afford  a  ready  r  larket 
for  wool,  grain  and  provisions.  'There  are  only 
one  or  two  small  cheese  dairie.s  iu  this  section, 
but  there  is  a  large  auionnt  of  cheese  brought  iu 
and  sold  at  “2So.  to  30c.  per  pound,  tlie  most  of  it 
coming  from  Ohio. 
And  he  remarks  further  that  cheese  of  good 
quality  can  be  made  here  for  much  less  money 
than  can  be  done  iu  any  of  tho  Northern  States. 
Tho  summers  here  are  not  warm,  the  altitude 
being  about  1,300  feet  above  sea  level.  Again,  I 
the  winters  are  short  and  mild  conqiared  to  those 
of  New  York,  and  do  not  require  the  costly  stab¬ 
ling  or  the  amount  of  winter  fodder.  Snow  sel¬ 
dom  lays  on  tlie  ground  longer  than  one  day. 
The  mountuins  break  off  the  winds  from  the 
North.  There  is  plenty  of  pure,  cold  water,  aud 
all  tlie  grasses  thiive  well,  aud  meadows  on  the 
bottom  lauds  yield  from  two  to  four  tons  of  hay 
to  the  acre. 
Tennessee,  he  remarks  further,  is  one  succes¬ 
sion  of  valleys  and  ridges — or  lines  of  moun¬ 
tains  and  bills — and  the  fertile  valleys  have  close 
at  hand  ridge  land  for  pasture,  for  timlier,  for 
fruit  and  suppljing  the  clear  spmgs  which  flow 
from  every  ravine  affording  cool,  healthful  water  I 
for  man  and  beast.  ' 
Good  upland  will  yield,  with  ordinary  cultiva-  i 
tion,  40  bushels  of  com  aud  from  12  to  20  bush-  ^ 
els  of  wheat  per  acre,  or  from  to  two  tons  of 
hay,  aud  with  good  cultivation  much  more.  The 
bottom  lands  are  voiy  productive,  not  unfro- 
quently  yielding  ouonuous  crops,  corn  roacliiug 
100  Lushels  to  tho  acre. 
Such  is  the  description  of  our  correspondent 
of  East  Teiiucssoo,  and  it  corresponds  w*ith  tlie 
accounts  that  have  been  given  us  from  tune  to 
time  by  others.  Aud  from  what  we  have  been 
able  to  learn,  tliis  secliou  offer.s  gi  eat  induce¬ 
ments  for  the  establislunent  of  dairying-  both 
choose  aud  batter — for  those  who  have  tho  req- 
lusite  skill  for  manutactm  ing  those  products,  and 
to  dairjiueu  who  are  seeking  a  mild  cliiaalo,  this 
region  must  be  specially  inviting. 
CASHMERE  ANGORA  GOATS. 
To  tlic  late  Dr.  Jos.  D.  Davis  of  South  Caro- 
Una  we  are  indebted  for  the  introduction  of  tho 
Angora  goats  into  Amci'ica.  He  was  sent  to 
'J'nrkcy  by  request  of  the  Sultan,  under  Prosi- 
dent  I’olk’s  administration,  to  experiment  in  tho 
culture  of  cotton  in  tho  Sultan's  dominions,  and 
on  his  return  to  America  m  1848,  out  of  courtesy 
to  our  (Jovornmeut,  the  Sultan  ordered  a  selec¬ 
tion  of  nine  head  of  the  linest  speeimoiis  of 
fleoco-boiiring  goats  iu  his  dominions,  and  pre¬ 
sented  them  to  Dr.  Davis  to  experiment 
America. 
In  tho  year  1851  1  visited  the  of  Ur. 
Davis,  near  Ooluuii«ii*»  n.  V.  His  flock  at  that 
time  couifiMted  of  seven  pure  breed  Angora  fe¬ 
males  and  two  niaicH,  one  Thibet  ewe,  several 
hood  of  half  Thibet,  half  Angora,  aud  quffo  a 
uomber  of  grailo  femalos  bred  from  the  common 
short-haired  owe  goats  of  tho  cuimh7  and  his 
Angora  bucks. 
I  purchased  of  the  Doctor  all  of  his  pure 
breed  Angoras,  sovoral  of  his  Thibet  Angoras, 
and  some  of  bi.s  grades  bred  from  the  common 
goats. 
Dr.  Davis  insisted  on  his  goats  heing  iu  some 
manner  ontitlwl  to  the  name  of  f.'aslunoi-o,  and 
this  led  him  into  an  error  as  to  tho  market  value 
of  the  fleece.  Ho  ralod  it  at  t'  Ib.  In 
this  he  was  entirely  mislukcn,  for  his  goate  have 
proved  to  bo  .Angoras,  and  tho  fleece  for  many 
years  has  been  an  artielo  of  iniiiort  into  England 
uiidor  the  name  of  Mohair,  selling  at  from  (iOe. 
toil  i!  Ib.  The  Jamestown  Manufacturing  Co. 
of  Mohairs,  Alpacas  and  Poplins,  located  at 
Jamestown,  Chautauqua  Co.,  N.  Y.,  is  preparod 
to  pmcliaso  all  of  tbe  American  Moiiair  to  be 
obtained  at  from  GOfSiflOc.  ’c*  lb.,  its  value  de¬ 
pending  on  its  length  of  staple,  luster  and  free¬ 
dom  froui  keiiip.  I  liavo  sold  my  crop  of  Motiaii* 
for  several  years  at  about  the  same  IlguroH  totlio 
Now  York  Plush  aud  Braid  Mills,  located  in  New 
York  (Jity. 
Tho  Angoras  in  this  climate  shed  their  over¬ 
coats  in  March  or  April  of  pach  year,  if  it  is  not 
sooner  sheared,  and  they  continue  in  their  sum¬ 
mer  suit  of  sliort  hair  or  komp  until  July,  when 
tho  Mohair  starts  out,  growing  slowly  until 
Hepteinher,  then  rapidly  until  .Tantiai^,  when  it 
gets  its  full  growth,  averaging  In  length  about  9 
inches. 
I  have  owned  Angoras  from  six  distinct  im¬ 
portations  from  Asia,  and  have  found  them  to 
differ  greatly  iu  size,  fleece,  horns  aud  shape  of 
the  ears.  For  twenty  years  I  have  observed  the 
following  rules  in  solecthig  u  stock  Luck ; 
1 ,  Pedigree,  dating  hack  to  ancestors  imported 
from  Asia. 
'2.  Weight  and  length  of  its  pure  white,  silky, 
ringleted  fleece,  and  its  freedom  from  kemp  aud 
mane  on  the  back  and  nock. 
3.  Size,  form  and  vigor. 
4.  Long,  fiendant  ears  and  upright,  spiral 
horns. 
By  this  system  of  selection,  I  have  obtained  a 
flock  possessing  great  nniforriiity.  In  making 
other  importations,  tlio  agent  should  remain  iu 
Angora,  the  central  district  of  Asia  Minor,  at 
least  one  year,  so  as  to  bo  able  to  make  ids  se¬ 
lections  when  the  goats  are  in  full  llccce.  By 
this  plan,  some  fine  specimens  might  possibly  be 
obtained.  Heveral  of  the  importations  wore 
doubtless  procured  near  the  coast,  they  evidently 
being  of  mixed  blood  and  in  no  resiicct  superior 
to  American  grade  Angoras,  called  in  tho  West, 
“full  hloixls,”  such  as  are  of  a  higher  grade 
than  a  fourth  oross,  or  31-32  Angora,  1-32  com¬ 
mon,  short  huir,  native  goat.  The  fleece  of  the 
pure  breed  Angora  male  is  coarser  tliau  that  of 
tlie  female,  and  becomes  shorter  in  both  from 
year  to  year  after  tho  fifth  year. 
In  the  year  1854  I  sheared  Gji  Ihs.  from  the 
Davia  imported  buck,  aud  in  March,  1876,  1 
slieared  6,1^  tea.  from  cue  of  his  dcHcendauls. 
Mr.  LiKiiKU.M  of  California  clahim  heavier 
flecijos  for  the  Angora  in  tliat  climate  than  in 
tills.  He  obtained  from  a  celebrated  Costaiuboul 
iio-horned  buck  10  lbs.,  but  admitted  that  in 
his  opinion  7  lbs.  is  a  very  heavy  Angora  fleece 
even  in  California.  Mr.  Ollmobe,  also  of  Cali¬ 
fornia,  sheared  iu  December,  1875,  his  flock  of 
pure  breed  Angoras,  full  blood  and  grades.  His 
clip  amounted  to  1,980  lbs.  of  Mohaii*.  A  pure 
breed  buck  gave  6}-^  lbs.;  another  G  lbs.;  a  pure 
bretHl  ewe  6  Itis.,  and  from  grado  yearlings  Ij-i 
to  3  tbs. 
Tlie  grade  goats  are  bred  in  (.’alifornia  princi¬ 
pally  for  tbeir  skins,  for  wliicli  thoro  i.s  an  in¬ 
creasing  demand.  Tho  San  Joso  Mat,  Bobo  aud 
Glove  Manufactory  is  now  paying  froui  $l  to  .43 
for  each  skin  from  a  to  blood.  The  An¬ 
goras  may  bo  classed  with  tho  herbivorous  ani¬ 
mals.  They  have  not  proved  to  be  a  success  in 
the  Eastern  and  Middle  States  when  kept  iu 
small  iudoHures  on  grass  during  the  summer, 
aud  iu  winter  iu  close  barns  and  fed  on  grain 
and  hay.  At  my  farm  near  Atlanta  they  have 
succeeded  adiuiiably,  liciug  exempt  from  disease 
and  able  to  protect  Ihomsolvos  from  an  attack 
by  dogs ;  but  they  are  allowed  to  run  about 
HUiuiner  anil  winter  in  an  iuclosuro  of  over  100 
acres  of  woods  pasture  land,  which  they  have 
gi*eatly  improved  by  killing  the  imdorgrowth  of 
briiOrs  and  buslios. 
THr  ISAT  Of  THIBIT  THE  TRUE  CASHMERE  SHAWL  GOAT. 
Dr.  Davis  brought  with  him  flom  Asia  a  pair 
of  Thibol  goats.  The  male  died  very  soon  after 
its  arrival.  Tho  female  I  found  to  ho  siaall®* 
than  tho  Angoras,  very  narrow  in 
with  fox-liko  c<*fs,  and  1*8^’’'“  snort,  upright, 
horns.  Sho  had  an  -muorcoat  of  downy  wool  and 
an  of  white  hair  about  four  inolios  in 
rongth.  This  undercoat  of  wool,  amounting  to 
a  few  ounces  from  each  goat,  is  combed  out  by 
tho  natis*e8  of  A.sia  as  it  starts  to  shod  in  thu 
spring,  and  is  used  by  them  in  the  manufacture 
of  tho  celebrated  cashmere  shawls. 
In  the  year  1859  I  bought  of  Otis  BaEWER, 
Esq.,  of  BosLou,  Mass.,  a  mala  Thibet  goat,  also 
tlu'oe  femalos  haviug  tho  appearance  of  being 
half  'Tliibot,  half  Angora.  Mr.  Brewer  pur¬ 
chased  them  fi'om  the  captain  of  a  vessel  from 
tho  Mediterranean.  Tho  Thibet  male  closely 
resembled  in  form  ami  floeoo  tho  ewe  imported 
by  Dr.  Davis.  1  combed  out  his  undercoat  of 
wool  in  April,  1859,  but  could  uot  apply  it  to  any 
practical  use. 
Ill  the  your  1854,  when  I  was  about  to  invest 
iu  thu  Angora  and  'Thihet  goats,  I  was  advised 
by  Iho  lato  Rev.  John  Bachman,  the  much-ro- 
sjHJctod  naturalist,  of  f'hiu*loston,  S.  f!.,  not  to 
(lurehase  tho  Thibet  goats,  hut  to  rely  on  the 
Angoras,  as  iu  his  opinion  the  Thibet  goats,  like 
the  I  .laums  of  tho  Andes,  could  not  be  success¬ 
fully  HColimated  in  a  locality  uiuler  ten  thousand 
feet  above  tho  ocean.  His  ojiinion  proved  to  bo 
correct  in  my  case,  as  all  of  the  Thibet  goats, 
pur  e  and  grades,  in  my  flock  died  in  a  few  years 
after  I  purebasod  them,  from  a  disease  of  their 
lungs,  combined  with  dysentery,  and  I  have  not 
heard  of  any  one  having  been  suepessful  with 
tlieTliihets  or  Llamas  m  any  part  of  tho  Dmted 
Htates  east  of  the  Itocky  Moutitatus.  1  am,  how¬ 
ever,  inclined  to  hclieve  that  there  are  locations 
on  the  elevated  jilateaus  of  Now  Mexico  and 
Colorado,  ami  osiiecially  in  California,  where  tlie 
Thibots  ami  Llamas  can  be  successfully  accli¬ 
mated.  BioHAun  Petehs. 
Atlanta,  (Ja. 
aal  '(lopts. 
SELF-COVERED  SEEDS. 
We  take  the  following  from  the  Loudon  Gar¬ 
den  :  “  Mr.  E.  Darwin  read  before  tho  last  meet¬ 
ing  of  the  Liuueau  HiicieLy  a  jHipor  on  the 
‘  'Twi.stiug  of  the  Awn  in  Htipa  aud  other  i’lants,’ 
the  effect  of  which  is  li>  force  tho  seed  into  tho 
groimd  ;  the  upixu*  feathery  end  of  the  awn  be¬ 
ing  rejativfcly  lived,  the  ei-fd  worms  lla  way  into 
tlie  soil.  Air.  I’.  Iisrwiii,  finding  that  tlie'seeds 
so  buried  did  not  gorunnate  so  well  as  those 
which  were  simply  placed  on,  or  jiistbeiioath  the 
surface  of  tlie  soil,  snggostod  that  the  burial  of 
the  iced  was  intcndeil  us  a  protection  against 
Seed-eating  birds.” 
(The  faculty  of  iulinitesimal  observation  pos¬ 
sessed  in  i>o  remurliablo  a  degree  by  Charles 
Darwin— liis  wonderful  patience  and  skill  in 
those  re.soarcho.s  which  have  interested  the  peo¬ 
ple  of  every  civilized  laud,  have  given  birth  aud 
momentum  to  a  Uttlo  army  of  ludicrously  weak 
imitators,  whose  highest  aspirations  seem  to  bo 
to  attach  the  most  profound  signification  to  the 
most  trivial  circamatances,  and  they  ram  a  mul¬ 
titude  of  camels  through  the  eyes  of  a  multitude 
of  iioixiles  with  a  facility  that  should  inspire  tho 
wicked  rieli  man  with  hoiies  of  heaven. 
We  ill*  not  Wish  to  belittle  tbe  atomic  conclu¬ 
sions  of  AL*.  F.  Darwin— hut  when  tho  difference 
in  Uie  time  of  germinal.ion  between  a  seed 
pressed  inbi  tho  ground  by  tho  “  twisting  of  an 
awn”  aud  one  placed  in  the  ground  by  hand,  is 
instanced  as  a  plaut-incLiiod  of  preserving  its 
seeds  from  birds — we  think  the  thing  is  being 
run  into  the  yrouml.— Eds.] 
- -  - 
To  Prevnt  Nails  FRi>v  Hustino.— Nails  used 
for  fastening  vines  to  brick  or  stone  walls  soon 
rust  and  break,  unless  prevented  by  some  pre¬ 
vious  preparation  like  the  following :  Take  com¬ 
mon  cut  nails,  and,  before  using  them,  heat  red- 
hot,  then  throw  into  cold  linseed  oil.  This  will 
give  tliem  a  coat  of  varnish,  and  preserve  from 
rusting  and  Isocoming  brittle. 
