MOORE'S  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
Cl)c  C^nifninial. 
i; ; 
CENTENNIAL  CORRESPONDENCE. 
pjnj,Ai>Ki-fiiiA,  May  (lUi, 
Aj.i,  doubt  ft«  to  f  h(j  o|M'iiiiig  of  tin;  Coiitniiiiial 
oil  May  10  alionld  bo  diHpoUod  at  nticc.  (Jon. 
Hawi.ey  liaH  notifiod  tbo  (.iovoramont  that  tho  ox- 
blbition  will  comiuonW!  an  iKlvortiand.  'Tlio  CJrand 
March,  couifHiKod  by  Waonkh,  the  Cantata, 
written  by  Lanikk,  and  Iho  apoiaih  to  bo  Hjwken 
by  the  I’rcaident  will  certainly  awaken  the  on- 
thuaiaatio  echoes  of  a  groat  crowd  of  iintriota, 
and  Iwfore  the  IlunAi.  roadora  aoc  this  the  inau¬ 
guration  will  have  become  a  thing  of  the  past. 
much  credit  cannot  bo  given  to  tho  man- 
agera,  who  have  worked  like  Titans,  night  and 
day,  to  aiMX^mpliah  tho  end  in  vi<iw.  'I'ho  trann- 
forrnations  that  have  been  wrought  Heomwl  im- 
[HjaHiblo  under  any  circuinatancea.  Ono  day  the 
groiindH  are  a  inaaM  of  mud,  with  man  traps, 
erratio  bayiinotivea,  howling  forcignora,  and 
frantic  workeiH  going  to  ali  pointa  of  tho  com- 
paas ;  two  days  elapse  the  mud  lias  bocoine  a 
line  Hod,  and  shrublxiry  grows  theriMin  ;  the  loco¬ 
motive  has  hauled  itself  and  various  ungainly 
obstructiona  out  of  sight,  the  babble  of  buiguos 
has,  if  anything,  increased,  and  houses  have  aj)- 
poariMl  that  wore  aohutlh/  oonst  ruoted  in  a  day 
and  night.  It  is  siinidy  onterjiriso  and  energy 
run  wild.  Jhitof  doseilpljon,  more  hm’eafter  in 
the  regular  weekly  letUir,  ^which  is  to  bo  a  fea¬ 
ture  of  the  lUiBAi.. 
The  absorbing  fjucstion  at  iirrsent  is,  how  and 
when  to  go  to  tho  Centennial  and  how  much  will 
it  cost  ?  I  would  not,  in  the  first  place,  urgently 
advise  visitors  to  go  at  once,  but  rather  d«day 
the  order  of  their  going  until  the  iveather  and 
show  hocomo  more  settled.  I’.very  day  for  30 
days  at  least  will  add  to  the  attractivonoHs  of  the 
sight  and  the  real  enjoyment  to  be  derived 
(herefrom. 
Tlie  ohoice  of  route  will  depmidon  the  location 
of  tho  intending  visitor.  All  IIk-  trunk  lines, 
except  the  “New  York,  New  Haven  <1:  Hartfonl." 
have  reduced  tlieir  fare  25  per  cent,  fromsclied- 
ulo  rates,  and  pailios  of  twenty-live  nr  more  will 
1)0  able  to  command  a  htiil  larger  ro<iuction. 
Tho  Erie  Railway  (.’omitMiy's  new  nsluctHl  tarilT 
gooH  into  operation  on  May  t.  Three  express 
trains  daily  will  lie  rim  over  this  romi,  connecting 
in  New  York  with  Ixith  the  rennsylvania  Cenlral 
and  tho  now  Hound  HrooU  or  New  .lersey  Central 
trains.  Through  cars  will  also  be  run  direct 
from  Husiieninoii  Bridge,  HulTalo,  and  Halauiauca, 
via  Kliiiira  and  tJie  Lehigh  Valley  llailroad, 
to  I’liiludcliihia,  passing  through  tho  niest 
piotiiresfpie  and  laiaiitiful  part  of  roimsylvania. 
Trains  from  Nowlmrgh,  Port  Jervis  mid  other 
local  points,  will  be  run  by  way  of  I’ntlerson  to 
Newark,  oonnocting  there  with  tho  I’enrisvlvania 
Central.  By  whiitever  route  the  Erie's  passen¬ 
gers  arc  carried,  they  will  all  ho  landed  in  Phila- 
dejphia  up<in  tlio  Conloimial  grounds,  oilhor  at 
the  depot  near  tho  Art  Gallery  or  that  close  to 
Machinery  Hall.  Tickets  will  he  sold  from  all 
points  “  to  Now  York  and  reliirn  via  Philadel¬ 
phia,”  and  viaitors  may  take,  in  coming  and  going 
homo,  any  routxj  tliey  jjease  of  those  men¬ 
tioned.  'J'ho  jirico  of  single  tickets  from  Cincin¬ 
nati  and  return  will  be  ifJO;  from  Chicago,  fja  ; 
Detroit,  !!'21,  and  other  points  fnrtlier  west  in 
duo  projinrUon  to  existing  rates.  Under  tlie 
convention  hetwoi  ii  the  iniiln  trunk  line  coiii- 
jianies,  visitors  to  tho  Centennial  may  come  hy 
one  road  and  go  back  by  another. 
T1  111  N.  Y.  C.  11.  It.  makes  tho  rediletion  on/i/ 
on  points  west  of  Utica.  Travelers  who  go  from 
Utica  to  Philadolphia  direct  hy  tins  Delaware, 
Lackawanna  and  t\esteni  Hoad  and  return  hy 
way  of  Now  York,  will  bo  entltlod  t.o  a  reduction 
of  one  dollar  from  tho  exenrsion  rales,  which 
incliuloH  New  York  both  going  and  roturning. 
'J’ho  Pennsylvania  Central  will  run  a  number 
of  trains  botwooii  Now  York  and  Pliilaileljihla, 
whloh  are  to  be  limiUid  only  by  tho  demand. 
'J’lioir  arrangement  is  very  liberal,  and  includes 
“oxcursiou"  tickets  (good  for  15  days)  iSi.'ifS'l, 
aocordiug  to  the  train,  'rickets  good  for  one 
day  on  all  trains,  except  limited  express  trains, 
;  Now  York  to  Philadelphia  and  return,  tickets 
good  for  ono  day  on  first-class  CcnUinuial  oxcur- 
slon  trains  (leaving  Jersey  City  jirior  to  7  o’clock 
A.  M.,  and  leaving  PhiMolphia  after  6  o’clock 
P.  M.),  JS  ;  Now  York  to  Phiiadelpliln  and retuni, 
tickets  giKid  for  ono  day  on  secoud-class  Centen¬ 
nial  oxcmrsioii  tr-aiiis  (leaving  .lorsey  City  {u-ior  to 
({  A.  M.  and  leaving  Philaduliihia  after  7  (.I’clock 
P.  M.),  *2,  this  will  suit  all  purses.  Sixty  or 
more  can  make  tho  round  tri])  from  Han  Eraucis- 
co  to  Omaha  for  iJlSO  each,  and  from  thonce  to 
Pliiladolphia  tho  regular  2.5  por  cout.  reduction 
obtains.  '11m  Fail  Bivor  Line  of  steamboats  will 
sell  singlo  tickets  from  Boston  to  Philailol)ilua 
fur  ^11  for  th«  round  trip,  or  $10  each  for  com- 
I)auiea  of  fifty  or  over.  Space  forbids  further 
diroctiunu,  but  next  week  will  be  givou  ooiuiilete 
details  conooruing  all  that  the  visitor  should  know 
regarding  exponditures.  Yoxraa  Iteiux.. 
EXHIBITION  OF  POULTRY. 
U.  H.  rKNTKNNIAI,  CO.MMIIISIOK,  i 
lllUlKAir  OK  AuaiCl  f.TI'RK,  V 
I’lin.ADJ'.bi'iiiA,  April  I,  is<c.  ) 
Sir:-  The  exhibition  of  poultry  will  ojion  on 
Get.  27  and  close  on  Nov.  (1. 
'J’ho  display  will  bo  ma<le  in  coops  provided  by 
the  CommisMion  and  located  under  tbc  oatlic 
stalls,  wiiicli  w  ill  Ijo  prepared  for  tbeii  reception. 
To  meet  tbo  oxjxinso  of  coops  and  finiding,  an 
entry  fis;  of  one  dollar  upon  each  bin!  of  the 
Gallinaceous  division  and  two  dollars  iijsin  each 
pair  of  the  A<iuatic  dix'ision  must  Is;  paid  to  tho 
Commission  before  the  Chief  of  Bureau  finally 
signs  tho  imrmit  of  oiilry. 
TrausxiortaUoa  and  teriuinal  charges  must  all 
1)0  paid  in  adviuico,  or  tlie  ComiiUKsion  will  not 
receive  Consigiiinentx. 
Full  iiiforriiatioii  relative  to  transportation  will 
be  fui'iiislieil  upon  n|iplication. 
Eacli  coop  used  in  tho  transixirtation  of  birds 
must  be  of  Hufticiont  strength  to  serve  for  their 
return,  and  must  ho  marked  with  the  proper 
shipping  dhoctions. 
Niimliers  aloim  will  distinguish  birds  in  tbo 
sh'iw'  yarils  prwwling  the  award  of  prizes. 
All  specimens,  except  Games  and  Game  Ban¬ 
tams,  must  bn  exhibiled  in  natural  condition ; 
pulling,  splicing  m’  inserting  featiiers,  coloiing, 
or  otherwise  altering  the  appearance  of  birds, 
will  bar  them  against  entry. 
Misstatements  as  hi  age  or  lireed  will  cause  the 
exclusion  of  birds  from  the  stock  yard. 
Birds  of  evident  inferiority  will  be  denied  ad¬ 
mittance,  even  though  tho  owuers  may  have  re¬ 
ceived  a  permit. 
Birds  may  l)c  sold  at  private  sale  at  any  time 
during  their  exhibition ;  hut  uo  bird,  iu  the  event 
of  being  sold,  will  he  ailowcil  to  he  reinovwl  jirior 
to  Nov.  7. 
H|)ocial  proiniiims  from  Hocietios  and  individu¬ 
als  must  1h'  awarded  through  the  hands  of  the 
(Jenteiiuial  ('omiuissiou. 
Application  for  entry  must  ho  iiccomxiaiiicd  hy 
a  certiUciite  from  a  nssignized  Poultry  Hociety 
to  the  effeid  that  the  birds  offerod  are  considered 
to  be  worthy  of  com|ietitioii. 
Application  forms  for  space  can  lie  had  from 
this  ollico.  Entries  are  now  being  made,  and 
will  be  ill  order  till  July  L 
linitNKT  I.ANDiiK'ni,  Chief  of  Bureau. 
Per  IlKNRV  (!.  Honkv. 
- ♦♦♦ - 
CENTENNIAL  COMMITTEE 
OF  THE  AMERICAN  DAIRYMEN'S  ASSOCIATION. 
At  a  meeting  of  the  Executive  Comiiiittee  of 
the  CciiteiiTiial  (^niiiniltee  of  the  American 
Dairymen's  Associslioii,  held  at  Utica,  N.  Y., 
March  17,  JK7ti,  Hie  following  leHnluUuu  waa 
ailoiited  : 
/I’lso/ecd,  'I'hat  .loslah  Shull  of  Ilion,  N.  Y.. 
and  Harris  Lewis  of  J-’raiikfort,  N.  Y.,  he  ariu 
tliey  are  lierehy  appiunti'il  a  (ionnnitteo  to  decide 
iipiin  (lie  inei'itH  of  the  ueoossiiiy  apparatus  and 
outfit,  including  engine,  vats,  et<’  ,  ti.i  ho  placial 
ill  the  Mislol  UlieeKe  and  liultei'  Factxjry  on  the 
(kuitennial  grounds. 
No  iniplciiient,  machiiio  or  aiiparatus  will  lie 
permitlod  to  lie  put  into  Hie  factory  outfit,  ox- 
isipt  it  shall  he  first-class  and  such  as  shall  he 
the  Isist  adapUid  for  general  use  in  cliuose  and 
Imtter  manufacture. 
J''or  the  purpose  of  jiaying  the  ueeesHary  ex- 
peuse  in  jirovidiiig  space  for  iin])luiiicnts,  deal¬ 
ers  in  dairy  ajiparatus  and  eijuipnients  will  be 
idmrged  tlie  contribution  of  the  article  or  articles, 
or  tho  wholesale  value  in  cash. 
Du  all  freight  cliarges  oii  .implonicnts  or  a|)- 
jjaratus  prepayment  must  be  made  by  tlio  iier,- 
son  or  iiorsons  fuiTiishing  and  sending  the  arti¬ 
cle.  And  all  lu  tides  reijniring  skill  to  set  up  and 
proiierly  arrango  in  jioHition,  tlio  pai’ties  fiiriiisli- 
iug  tho  same  will  be  ruiiuirod  to  set  them  up  at 
their  owti  cost  and  DX])euH0,  or  pay  Hindi  ox|Hmso. 
All  apiilicatious  for  space  for  implouieuts  in 
tho  equipment  of  the  factory  aliould  ho  made  to 
the  undersigned  as  soon  as  possiblo. 
April  S..1ST6.  JosiAii  .Siiri.i.,  lllon,  N.  Y. 
llAKitis  l.KW'is,  Eraiikfort,  N.  Y. 
AQUARIAS  FOR  THE  DISPLAY  OF  FISH. 
U.  .S.  Ckntknniai,  Commission,  ) 
liUKKAl'  OK  AoaiCm-TURK,  y 
J’UILADKU'UIA,  April  10,  IbTli.  j 
Sm:— Tho  Coutcmiial  Comniission  has  jiro- 
vidod  thirty  aquaria  for  the  display  of  the  fish 
of  our  rivers,  lakes  and  seas.  Tho  frosli  and 
salt  water  will  Ixi  of  about  equal  quantities,  tho 
aggregation  appruximatiou  to  fifteen  thousand 
gallons.  Full  iiroparations  have  been  made  for 
Uioruugb  filtration  and  aeration,  and,  when  noc- 
08Hai7,  for  refrigeration. 
The  expenses  attendant  ujion  the  fish  diuiilay 
will  he  assumed  by  thu  Gontoiinial  (  JoiiiuiisHion, 
and  it  is  expected  that  fish  will  ho  eoiitributed 
hy  the  various  State  Fish  (Jommissioiis,  by  assu- 
ciatioiiH,  and  by  individuals  intorested  in  llsli 
culture. 
I'arties  so  desiring  may  exhibit  fish  in  tanks  of 
thek  own  eoutribution,  the  care  of  wliidi  will  bo 
gratuitously  assumed  by  the  Commission. 
In  addition  hi  the  display  of  living  fish,  will  bo 
exhibited  tho  processes  of  hatching  fish,  and  a 
full  scries  of  all  tho  apparatus  used  in  hatching 
and  transporting  roe  and  yoiiiig  fish. 
Those  who  are  in  a  ixisi^oii  to  contribute  rare 
fish  t/i  the  disjilay  will  receive  all  necessary  in- 
formalion  hy  addressing 
Burnet  Landkf.tm, 
(fillet  of  Bureau  of  Agriculture. 
(Irntomologitcil. 
HABITS  OF  CANKER  WORMS. 
r.  I’jcKMA.N  Mann,  writing  to  tho  Now  Eng¬ 
land  Fanner  says  there  aio  two  very  distinct 
Hiiecics  of  w  hat  arc  generally  termed  “  ('anker 
VVorms,”  and  Uiat  tho  mode  of  dostroying  must 
also  he  different  in  order  to  be  effectual. 
He  wTitos,  in  answer  to  questions  asked  in  a 
previous  issue  of  tho  Farmer  as  follows : 
• 
III  the  first  place,  he  must  know  that  under 
tho  iiiuiie  of  canker  worm,  jiroperly  used, 
are  inoluded  fieo  kinds  of  iiiHects  at  least  as 
difforont  as  a  cabbage  and  a  turnip,  or  a  i>ear 
and  an  apple,  or  a  dog  and  a  wolf,  or  a  bull  and 
a  buffalo ;  that  is,  they  are  what  naturalists  call 
two  species  of  ono  genus  or  even  separate  as  be- 
longiug  to  different  genera.  Dne  of  these 
canker  worms,  callod  Aninopteiyr  pometaria,  is 
the  ono  orroaoously  supposeil  to  ho  called 
Jniaoplerijx  wnmta  l»y  Dr.  Harris,  in  his  ad¬ 
mirable  work  upon  the  “Insects  Injurious  to 
Vegetation.”  The  perfect  or  hrcwling  insects 
Bpjxiar  iiiuntly  In  Uio  fall  and  wtiibu,  fruiii  Oc¬ 
tober  to  January,  though  a  few  individuals  come 
out  of  tho  ground  in  tlie  month  of  Marr.)i  and 
April.  It  is  therefore  called  the  fall  canker  wsirrn. 
Tho  males  are  winged  and  in  general  ati{>ear.Tiire 
are  gray  with  two  whitish  bands  edged  w  ith  dark 
dots  running  across  the  front  wings.  Tlio  fo— 
males  are  usually  wingless,  and  have  a  general 
smooth  shiny  gray  apxiearauco.  The  eggs  are 
laid  on  the  bark  of  tho  trees,  in  patches  like  a 
pan  of  biscuit,  arc  larger  at  tho  top  than  at  tlie 
bottom,  and  are  fiat  on  top  with  a  depression  in 
the  middle  and  a  circular  furrow  near  the  edge. 
Tho  caterpUlsrs  or  “worms”  have  six  llushy 
legs  under  the  hind  part  of  the  tiody,  besides  the 
six  Jointed  horny  legs  which  moat  imocts  have 
under  tho  front  cud  of  tho  body. 
The  other  one  of  thoso  canker  worms,  called 
Aninoplfryx  vtrnaln,  or,  on  aeeoimt  of  its  great 
utilikcuesH,  put  iuto  another  genus  and  calliHl 
/’alenniJa  trrnaUi,  is  tho  one  wliicli  Dr.  I’tx'.k 
studied  and  described  in  17'J5,  iu  the  jirizo  essay 
written  for  the  MassachuHotts  Hociety  for  (be 
proiriotioii  of  agriculture.  Tho  iierfoct  iiiHect« 
appear  only  in  tho  months  of  March,  April  ami 
May,  on  which  account  it  is  called  the  spring 
canker  worm.  The  males  arc  winged  and  in 
genorni  apiiearane*  arc  gray  with  tJiree  dark 
bands  running  across  the  front  wings.  The  fo- 
males  are  w’iiigless  and  have  a  general  hairy 
Hisichlid  gray  appeiwatioe  with  more  or  less  of  a 
black  linn  down  the  mld<Ue,  and  more  or  loss  of  a 
red  appearance  on  the  hack  owing  to  the  pres- 
once  of  fiiurpieu  rows  of  spines  ninniiig  a<;ro8s 
the  hi  sly.  Tiiese  spines  have  not  been  fouiwl  at 
all  in  the  other  kind  of  oaiiker  woim,  but  arc  pres¬ 
ent  in  both  males  and  females  of  tills  kind. 
'I'ho  female  haa  a  Jointed  egg-layer,  which  she 
can  push  out  of  her  body,  and  with  it  she  lays 
her  egga  scfia  lately  between  the  leaves  of  the 
buds  or  iu  cracks  of  the  woixl,  or  under  hsise 
scalns  of  the  hark.  Tho  eggs  arc  shaped  like  Hie 
eggs  of  a  ilove,  being  of  the  saino  shape  at  both 
ends.  Tho  caterpillars  have  only  fourtleshy  legs 
under  the  hind  part  of  Uie  body,  making  wllb 
the  six  Jolutwl  horny  legs  in  front,  ten  in  all. 
There  are  very  iiiariy  other  differonoes  between 
the  two  kinds  of  canker  worms,  and  many  of 
those  have  boon  described  already,  so  that, 
w  hiio  it  is  much  to  be  doairod  tliat  further  ott- 
servatimi  sbould  be  made,  esj)C.ciaHy  by  farmers 
and  other  men  in  the  fields,  it  would  not  be  ad- 
visalfic  for  those  persons  to  (lublisli  their  notes 
w'ilLioiit  first  leariujig  from  special  students 
wiicthcr  there  is  anyttiiiig  new  in  them,  or 
whether  greater  knowledge  has  not  shown  that 
many  things  which  seem  to  bo  in  one  way  are 
after  iifi  in  a  diU’erent  way.  Hasty  conolnsionM 
confuse  Jinowlodgc,  but  no  conclusiona  cwn  be 
made  at  all  (ill  facts  have  boon  obsarvod,  and 
facts  can  be  learned  only  by  practical  men. 
If  your  corrciqiondcnt  knows  what  I  have  said 
above,  ho  will  put  ink  on  his  trees  before 
October  24th,  if  ho  has  tho  fall  H|>ccies,  and  as 
far  as  present  knowledge  goes,  need  not  tend  his 
trees  between  Jaa  l&th  aud  Mareli  2yd,  but  must 
then  look  to  thorn  till  May.  If  he  has  the  spring 
Hiieeios,  he  need  only  tend  his  trees  from  March 
7tli  to  May  7th;  but  if  he  has  both,  as  is  likely, 
Ire  must  watch  boUi.  Y<>U  see  uU’oady  that 
there  is  room  tot  now  knowledge  whether  those 
dates  embrace  the  whulu  of  tho  period  of  the 
iiiHoots.  I  should  be  pleaMsl  to  have  ob¬ 
servers  eumiiiuiiicate  witli  mo  upon  the  sub¬ 
ject.  Your  eorrespondout  will  postpone  the 
scraping  of  his  trees,  if  he  does  it  at  all,  till 
May;  ho  will  know  the  eggs  if  he  sees  them,  but 
he  cannot  bo  sure,  without  more  knowledge, 
that  he  may  not  destroy  tho  eggs  of  useful 
insects,  if  he  does  not  ntteiiil  to  tho  inatlcr  with¬ 
in  the  lime  s}s-('irMsl, 
nieso  are  but  two  out  of  moro  than  a  liiin- 
dr(Hl  known  enemies  of  the  applo-troe.  Tliey 
are  the  most  important  ones.  'J’he  h.'ihils  of 
these  aud  Die  very  mimerouH  other  injiirioiis  in¬ 
sects  are  best  known  to  professional  Htiidoiits, 
and  it  is  from  them  that  tlio  fanners  should 
seek  tlmir  information  ratlier  than  from  agricul¬ 
tural  papers,  tho  wlitors  of  which  have  enough, 
and  estimable  work,  without  undertaking  to  keep 
theniselvcB  familiar  with  the  acts  and  relations 
of  the  thirty  thousand  kinds  of  inseets  which  hvo 
in  this  country. 
It  is  judged  |»roj)er  to  employ  lawyers,  jihysi- 
cians  and  ministers,  ratlmr  than  to  refer  all  «pics- 
Uons  of  detail  to  tho  editors  of  special  p-.qiors  or 
magaxines.  The  agriculturists  must  lenrii  hy 
experience,  if  in  no  other  way,  Hist  it  is  moro 
profitable  for  them  to  employ  entoTunlngiHta, 
who  iiofsl  to  sjiend,  in  jiroparing  for  their  pro¬ 
fession,  more  time  and  lalmr  than  it  is  requin-d 
to  get  a  degree  in  any  scluKil  of  law.  cvHege  or 
diviiuty  in  the  land,  than  to  rely  iijsui  tho 
knowlislge  of  such  a  Bfwial  siibJ*H;l  posseKHcd 
hy  persons  whose  attention  is  otliei  wise  engaged. 
Iiisunuuf  ^fjiartiufut. 
INSURANCE  NOTES  AND  NEWS. 
Aniiifuity  of  In»urnnrr.  It  ajipears  from  some 
investigations  made  hy  Gennan  insurance  coin- 
panioH  ami  ])iiblishe<l  in  the  Z*nl- 
Hiiq,  that  iusnraniH;  is  not  only  not  a  iiKKlern  in¬ 
vention  but  that  it  was  practiced,  oliielly  in  a 
mutual  way,  by  tlic  Hebrews  aud  there  are 
several  modes  that  have  not  yet  been  re-in¬ 
vent  od. 
The  information  in  regard  to  this  luntter  was 
derived  from  old  copies  of  tlio  Ji  wish  'J  ulmud,  a 
sort  of  Dccleslastlc-civll  codo  of  laws,  ami  con¬ 
sisted  of  niles  and  if  giilatioiiH  for  alinord  ever}’- 
thing,  inohidiiig  some  for  the  rorinution  of  ti ados’ 
nnions,  co-oiHrative  societies  smi  mutiial  insur- 
ance  associations. 
These  regulations  show  that  they  had,  at  a  date 
long  anterior  to  the  H|M-cch  of  Dkmosthknks  in 
the  celebrated  marine  insiirance  case,  settled 
(be  jiroiiticA.  of  insiirance  proceedings  nearly  us 
conii>letely  as  modern  insiirers,  and  were  us  well 
posted  in  the  tricksof  Uie  ti  iule. 
Tliey  insured  Hhijis,  housos,  goods  in  transit, 
beasts  of  burden  against  loss  by  theft,  and 
whoro  loss  WHS  snstaiuod  ina«lu  restitution  in 
kind  only  ami  not  in  money,  and  were  quite  as 
porUciilar  in  stipulating  that  lossi<s  oceiining 
through  (he  negllgeaee  or  fault  ol  the  owner 
should  iiotbisvime  oi  coiislitute  a  claim  for  in¬ 
demnity.  Homeof  their  regulations  were  foiindeil 
in  Hoimd  wisdom  and  complete  eipnty,  as  for 
example  that  re«iuiriiig  th.it  when  a  company  of 
traveling  nieichantH  mutually  limured  each 
olhei’s  piopi  rty  iiguiust  robbery,  and  being 
iitlackisl  wore  eomiHillod  lo  buy  oir  the  asHailaiit 
with  a  ransom,  each  on*-  should  coutxibiite,  not 
pro  rnta,  but  in  proportion  to  the  loss  each 
would  have  sustainc)!  had  the  robbers  suwioeded 
in  capturing  all  the  goods;  whereas  if  a  spy  was 
emiiloyod  to  jieril  his  lifo  for  a  eoiisidcratioii 
eacli  ono  must  contribute  pro  rufo,  '•  for  a  life  is 
a  life.”  AiioUier  regulaLiou,  wbidi  lias  an  mid 
look,  was,  that  wbeii  it  became  ni'cessary  for  the 
mmimon  goml  to  lighten  a  ship  by  throwing 
freight  overboard,  each  one  iimst  jiart  with  an 
equal  weight  regardless  of  the  value  ;  a  hiimlred 
isiimds  of  gold  or  silk  counting  for  no  more  in 
such  eniergeney  tluiii  so  much  lead.  All  of 
which  goes  to  prove  that  “  lliere  is  no  now' 
tiling  under  the  sun.”  \Vo  should  not  bo  siir- 
jirised  after  this  to  learn  that  aichaeologists  had 
found  pieces  of  steam-hoisting  devices  used  in 
coiistriieling  tho  jiyramid*  or  that  .losepli’s  cap¬ 
tors  found  their  way  biw.k  to  J'lgypt  by  tlio  aid  of 
a  compass. 
“  Wait  fi  H7n7e.”  Wo  had  occasion  in  a 
former  issue  to  caution  oiir  readers  that  quite  a 
lunntier  of  life  companies,  lieretoforo  regarded 
as  relialile  would  soun  bo  eoiiipellmi,  by  hard 
times,  to  reliiKpiish  business,  and  (bat  no  harm 
and  possibly  much  good  would  result  from  defer¬ 
ring  to  insure  until  the  New  Vonr’s  exports  indi- 
eatmi  what  eoinpathes  wouM  lie  found  in  this 
category.  Hinee  that  time  several  ouiiijiaiiies  of 
luatiire  age  and  large  assets  have  made  arrange- 
nients  to  reinsure  and  anialgannite,  not  perJiaps 
because  they  lacked  lueans,  but  because  llieir 
siimll  iiicoiiies  rendered  their  biisinesH  iirolitless. 
OUier  eornpames  nre  exisicted  to  follow  their 
example  for  tho  same,  or  more  serious  reasons, 
and  we  rejsjal  the  advice  to  wait  a  iiiontli  or  so. 
until  tho  re|)urls  are  ali  iu, 
Avi'hU'tU  ! nmraui'r  for  Toarixtg.^  Ocean  and 
otlier  travel  isuiiiises  to  be  iiicuucc.d  by  a  new' 
jieril,  that  of  infernal  niuchinoH  provided  witli 
elotik-work  that  exjilodes  a  barrel  of  dynuiuite  or 
gUJi-jiowder,  after  the  sliiji  or  boat  is  at  sea,  in 
order  that  ots'taiii  shijuiers  may  obtain  over 
insurance.  The  moral  is  Unit  no  one  slimild 
travel  without  an  aocidoiit  jiolicy  of  tho  Old 
'I’ravelers  Insurance  Conijiany. 
