IlriiAi.,  nor  do  1  know  of  one  made  in  this  State 
though  there  may  be.  I  would  like  to  see  the 
opinion  of  jiractical  men  presented  in  the  Rural 
on  tins  BObject.  I  think  the  harvest  is  almost 
white  fdr  a  gotKl  gang  plow. 
Buffalo,  N.  V.  s. 
(By  rcfcning  to  our  advertising  colums  you 
will  find  a  gang  and  sulky  plow  offered,  and  both 
excellent  implements  of  tlieir  kind. — Eu.] 
has  mn  about  two  years  at  a  cost  of  only  $3.  It 
has  stood  some  very  hard  storms  without  tbe 
slightest  damage  in  any  of  its  parts.  It  elevates 
the  water  54  feet,  and  we  have  had  an  abundant 
supply  every  day  since  it  was  first  started.  It  is 
Vf  ty  sinijilo  and  easy  to  manage,  and  I  wish  more 
of  our  farmers  would  a<lopt  this  great  labor-sav¬ 
ing  machine. 
I  was  BO  much  jdeased  Avith  the  small  pumping 
mill,  that  1  decided  to  get  a  timaU  geared  mill  for 
tlriving  machinery -in  my  barn.  I  therefore  or- 
doj'cd  a  No.  <5  Ktand.ard  null,  geared,  and  that, 
like  (he  pumping  null,  lias  proven  an  entire 
snocess.  It  has  done  much  more  work  than  tlie 
.agent  said  it  would.  It  was  claimed  to  possess 
two-horso  power  in  a  good  wind,  but  I  am  con¬ 
fident  I  have  run  it  up  to  five-hoi'se  iwwcr.  We 
have  gi'omid  10  bushels  of  corn  meal  per  Imur 
and  run  a  com  fcMlder  cutter,  cutting  large  (jiiau- 
titicH  of  hay  at  the  same  time.  We  ran  a  *24-ji)ch 
circular  saw,  cutting  woiwl  for  house  use  at  the 
raUi  of  a  cord  jier  hour.  Wo  have  ground  all 
our  feed,  cut  the  fodder  and  shelled  the  corn  for 
our  stock,  for  which  the  grinding  alone  last  year 
cost  me  ^200,  and  the  quality  was  not  as  good. 
Wo  also  mn  the  grind  stone,  and  a  lathe  for 
turning  wood  or  iron,  and  can  regulate  the  siRa'd 
with  ijcrfoct  ease. 
I  luivc  no  interest  whatever  in  the  wind  niill 
husiuess— only  to  reeomTn(!tid  h)  my  hi'other 
fanners  what  I  have  tried  lx.»  my  full  satisfaction, 
and  hope  that  the  day  is  not  far  distant  when 
wind  mills  will  he  used  as  extensively  in  the  East 
as  tliey  are  on  the  prairies  of  the  West. 
W.  O.  B.  Mkrkill. 
is  made  of  the  best  material,  steel  teeth  tem¬ 
pered  in  oil,  which  work  independently.  The 
teeth  are  held  fimly  to  the  surface  when  neces¬ 
sary,  by  applying  tbe  foot  to  tlie  luind  lever, 
leaving  both  hands  free  for  driving. 
Tlie  improvement  consists  of  an  attachment 
to  the  lever  by  moans  of  wliich  the  load  is  dis¬ 
charged  with  hut  little  effort  to  the  ojMjrator  and 
the  teeth  are  raised  above  the  cleaners  by  mov¬ 
ing  the  hand  lever  to  a  point  even  with  the  side 
of  the  oi>erator.  The  singletree  is  attached  to 
THE  PHILADELPHIA  LAWN  MOWER 
Nothing  in  the  whole  range  of  latulscape  gar¬ 
dening  is  more  pleasing  to  the  sight  than  a  well- 
kept  Lawi.  It  nuUiitaiiis  about  the  same  relation 
to  the  onlinary  grass  j>lat  that  silk  does  to  fus¬ 
tian.  As  nations  advance  in  civilization  their 
fancy  for  skillful  gardening  increases, 
and  it  incontestihly  affords  ns  one  of 
the  most  delightful  occupations  in 
the  range  of  out-door  cniiJoymeuls. 
Whut  Atiiericiiiis  have  hut  recently  . 
come  to  reguid  as  a  distinctive  beauty 
of  (he  landscape  a  fine  lawn— has  for 
centuries  been  the  pride  of  the  Eu- 
glish.  Buoh  is  the  asHidiioiiH  caie  and 
lalsir  bestowed  by  the  Briton  on  his 
grass  plat  that  English  lawns  have 
become  famous.  Perhaps  no  spot  on 
the  globe  can  comjiai’o  with  the  vel¬ 
vety  tmff  that  surrounds  Windsor 
Castle.  Tlio  recipe  for  a  similar  lawn 
is  comiKtsod  of  two  ingiedicnts  — 
plenty  of  labor  and  a  good  lawn 
mower ;  and  man’s  iiiveutivc  genius 
has  striven  and  suecoeded  Iti  lessening 
the  labor  by  the  iinprovemetd.  of  the 
lawn  mower.  Tliis  implement  is  now 
use<l  in  nearly  every  country,  and  we  may  add, 
witli  great  satisfaction,  that  the  majority  arc  of 
American  manufacture. 
The  makers  of  the  popiilaj-  “  I’hiladcljfiua 
I, awn  Mower”  arc,  with  their  usual  enterprise, 
among  the  first  iii  the  field  this  season,  with  now 
varieties  of  and  improvemeuts  ou  this  favorite 
machine. 
As  is  oiu'  custom,  on  the  appcjiranco  of  im¬ 
provements  iu  agrieultiu-aJ  machinery,  wo  give  in 
tliis  issue  two  illustrations  of  au  improved 
“pony"  30-inoh  cut,  and  a  ijch  driATHg- 
wheeJ  “  hand  ”  lawn  juower,  made  by  Messrs. 
Guaiiam,  Emi.in  At  I’ASSMimK,  Pliiladelplda,  Pa. 
Tbe  i>oiiy  mower  is  easily  handled,  compact, 
strong  and  durable,— the  gearing  is  boxed,  and 
witli  the  exception  of  the  shafts  and  foot  hoard, 
the  mnehine  is  maile  entirely  of  iron  and  steel, 
and  cuts  while  tin  ning  either  to  Bie  rigid,  or  left. 
It  weighs,  conqilcto,  350  lbs. 
Of  the  hand  mower,  five  sizes  of  the  style 
ilhisti'atod  are  made.  The  size  of  the  laivii  must 
always  be  takeu  into  cousidiuation  wlien  deciding 
what  to  order.  For  small  lawns  or  city  grass 
plots  the  12  inch  and  H  inch  are  suflicieat,  hut 
for  general  pur])080s,  and  where  the  lawn  covers 
one-eighth  of  an  aero  or  ovei’,  the  16  inch  is  the 
best  size.  Where  the  ground  is  smooth  and  the 
grass  is  cut  every  week,  the  IS  inch  and  20  inch 
sizes  are  used  to  advantage. 
To  begin  to  enumerate  the  luany  styles  made 
by  this  fiiui  would  he  a  work  of  snjiererugation, 
but  we  may  say  to  those  intei'estedintJn:  subject, 
that  for  light  summer  reading,  where  the  illus¬ 
trations  jilease  as  well  as  iustruet,  wo  know  of 
worse  hooks  than  the  little  free  pamphlet  of  G. 
E.  &  P. 
SELECT  YOUNG  FRUIT  TREES, 
Three  years  ago  we  purchased  with  others 
two  Baldwin  Apples  from  a  well-knowu  nm’sery 
firm,  the  age  of  whi'-h  may  be  guessed  at  from 
their  size  which  was  eight  feet  iu  bight  and 
three  inches  diameter  of  stem.  They  were  line 
sjicciineiJH  of  health  and  Kjnumetry  and  were  re¬ 
ceived  from  the  nursery  iu  excellent  order  with 
as  much  spread  of  iT>ot  and  fiber  as  could  be 
trauHjM(rtt*d  witli  safety. 
'J'hc.y  were  cut  down  about  half  or  nearly  so — 
svll  wounded  roots  smooUily  cut-  and  planted 
with  extra  care.  iMming  the  first  sninmer  the 
bark  and  wood  of  half  the  stem’  that  exposed 
to  the  South — died.  'J'hc  hranches  put  forth  a 
few  leaves  and  the  longest  growth  did  not  exceed 
two  inelios.  '.riie  second  summer  showed  an  e.x- 
tension  of  dead  wood  and  hark  and  it  was  evident 
the  tree  would  never  ri'eover.  It  was,  therefore, 
dug  up  and  thrown  aside. 
Tlie  stem  of  the  secouil  tree  remains  sound — 
though  a  jiortion  of  tlie  rem.aining  top  died  dur¬ 
ing  Uie  first  summer  and  the  other  portion  made, 
like  the  other,  hut  a  sickly  and  insufficient 
growth.  I.ast  summer  it  recuperated  so  far 
that  we  considered  it  “  out  of  danger,”  though 
its  beauty  is  gone  and  tlic  word  “  syuvinetry  ” 
can  only  be  apifiied  to  its  jsjor  one-sided  head  in 
a  spirit  of  niiser.able  sarca.sm. 
Perhaps  these  two  eases  ought  not  to  lie  taken 
as  types  of  the  iiijadiciousiieHs  of  seloctiug  largo 
trees  for  trausplauting.  We  can  as.suio  the 
reader  that  the  ex]  11^11110111  suffices  for  n.s  and 
we  shall  in  future  rwoiiuiiend  with  (hat  empha¬ 
sis  suggested  by  a  thorough  coiieiirreiiee  of  the 
teachings  of  every  fruit  book  and  catalogue  witli 
IX'i'soiial  expis'ieuce  —  the  selection  of  young  trees 
alone. 
As  needless,  however,  as  such  exiK!riment.s  may 
seem  and  as  needless  a.s  it  iiroved  to  have  been 
ill  (lie  above  liisfance— it  is  novertholess  a  truth 
that  '  •  what  cveryliody  says  is  ”  not  always 
“true.”  and  that  there  are  some  tilings  which 
“  no  felJaJi  can  find  out”  except  by  going  it  all 
over  again  himself. 
lTA3Vr)  J.,A.WN  JilOWlCli. 
forward  part  of  the  curved  lever  uiidcruoath  the 
cross-bars,  so  that  the  draft  of  the  horse  acts 
Biniultaiieou.sly  wiUi  Uie  action  of  the  ojierator 
upon  the  lover.  This  rake  was  oxliihited  at  the 
Grand  World’s  Fair  at  Vienna,  by  the  Whekler 
k  Meliok  Go.,  and  gained  the  Metkil  of  Mei'H, 
(Jatalogiies  and  other  information  concerning 
this  imjiloincnt  will  be  scut  free  ou  nppli<!ation 
by  aildressing  either  the  W’heeleu  iV  .Mei.ick 
Co.,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  Wu.uams  Bros.,  Ithaea,  N. 
Y.,  or  AnnoTT,  Brew  Ck.>.,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  who 
maiinfactiu’e  the  rake  in  these  several  localities. 
PLOWING  BY  STEAM 
Mu.  Editor  :  In  the  Rural  of  March  18,  you 
head  au  article :  “  The  Steam  Plow  Still  Wanted.” 
My  earliest  recollection  of  the  plow,  over  10 years 
ago,  was  the  uxhiliitimi  of  a  model  of  a  steam 
plow  five  plows  in  Uie  gang.  It  was  then,  1 
think,  considered  for  some  reason  very  doubtful 
of  success.  No  doubt  the  time  will  come  when 
it  will  not  only  ho  a  success,  but  considered  iu- 
disiieusihlo  to  tiie  counti'y. 
On  very  lai’ge  estates  it  would  110  doubt  prove 
WIND  MILLS, 
J.  Edson.— The  following  communication,  just 
THE  CHERRY  OR  VERSAILLES  CURRANT, 
Tueue  has  been  considerable  discussion  among 
our  poinologists  iu  regard  to  the  ideutity  of  the 
two  currants  known  by  Uie  almve  names.  Our 
uurservmen  with  few  exceptions  have  offered 
both  (merry  and  Versailles  iu  their  eulalogues  as 
distinct  sorts,  <‘liai  giug  in  some  instances  fifty  ]ier 
coni,  more  for  Uie  latter  than  the  fonner,  and 
while  they  douhtleaa  believed  t.nat  there  was  a 
difference  between  the  two,  wo  have  for  the  past 
ten  yours  or  more  cousidered  thorn  identical.  As 
au  evidence  of  this  we  quote  from  Ihe  Small 
Fruit  Ciilturist.  page  205,  1»07.  “Very  large; 
huneli,  lung  and  slightly  tapering;  ilark  rod, 
acid ;  and  by  many  it  is  eonsiefered  to  be  a  better 
llavored  variety  U'lan  the  cliorrr,  hnt  by  others 
very  similai’  if  not  identical.  'J'lie  jiriucipal 
points  of  distinction  claimed  are  that  the  Ver¬ 
sailles  is  not  so  acid  as  the  Cherry,  and  that  the 
hunches  are  more  taixwing.  But  like  variations 
mav  he  obscrveil  in  other  well-knoivu  varieties, 
and  uiion  plants  growing  in  eloso  proximity. 
At  one  time  I  Uiought  tlial  there  was  a  difference 
in  the  growUi  and  foliage  of  the  two  kinds,  but 
more  exiRrieuce  has  not  contiiTued  me  iu  tliis 
opiuiou.’’ 
The  above  opinion  was  not  reached  Uaough 
hasty  invesUgaiion.H,  hut  after  procuriug  plants 
from  various  European  niu’series,  as  ivell  as  all 
the  host  known  and  most  reliable  in  this  country. 
E.  P.  Roe,  in  his  late  work  enUUed  “  .A  Manual 
on  the  Culture  of  Small  Fruits,’’  after  referring 
to  whal  we  have  written,  as  well  as  others,  ou  the 
subject,  says  “But  those  piirchasiug  the  Ver- 
sailies  with  the  expectatiou  of  getUng  something 
very  diff'ereiit  and  much  better  than  the  Cffien-y, 
should  he  undeceived.” 
We  would  naturally  suppose  that  the  English 
pumologist  and  nurseryman  would  he  as  liJtely  as 
ourselves  to  discover  a  difference  between  tbe 
two  sorts  named,  if  any  really  cxi.sted.  but,  in  an 
exhaustive  article  on  omTiiuts  by  A.  F.  Barron, 
iu  thi!  Bondem  Gardtai,  for  April  of  tlie  pieseiit 
year,  wo  find  this  head-line  to  the  paragraph 
describing  the  cherry  ciUTant,  “Cherry  (^Byno- 
nynx-lAi  Virsailles)." 
Now  we  leave  it  to  our  liorticulturists  in 
general  if  it  is  not  about  rime  to  drop  the  name 
Versailles,  from  llio  list  of  cuiTauts  or  merely  in¬ 
sert  it  as  a  synonym  of  the  ChoiTy. 
THE  ITHACA  STEEL  TOOTH  HORSE  RAKE 
Gradually  but  sm-ely  we  see  Darwin’s  theories 
exemplified,  and  tlie  “survival  of  the  fittest” 
not  only  operates  on  species  but  extends  its  in¬ 
fluence  to  mechanics.  The  progress  from  tlie 
hand  rake  to  the  old  revolving  rake  was  as  radi¬ 
cal,  ins  the  advance  to  present  high  standards 
has  become.  It  would  seem  that  inventive 
ingenuity  could  uo  further  go. 
To  discuss  the  importance  of  having  an  imple¬ 
ment  of  this  nature  on  the  fai'iii  would  almost  be 
an  absurdity,  as  no  farmer  worthy  the  name, 
(and  surely  none  of  the  readers  of  this  journal) 
would  for  a  moment  admit  that  it  was  not 
among  the  most  ossoutial  helps  to  successful 
agriculture.  Day  l>y  day  the  agriculturists  of 
this  coimtry  are  being  impressed  with  the  great 
importance  of  fanning  scientifically,  to  the  end 
that  tlie  land  may  he  made  to  yield  its  utmost, 
and  the  loss  of  revenue  caused  by  sliriiiking 
values,  coiuiterhalaiiced  by  increasod  prudiiotive- 
ness.  To  do  this,  improved  machinery  must  he 
employed,  as  in  no  other  way  can  our  material 
sails  be  filled  by  tlie  wind  of  prosperity,  and  the 
shij)  Dial  wo  all  expect  anivc,  heavily  laden  irith 
the  blessings  of  this  life,  into  the  port  of  abun¬ 
dance. 
In  hay  rakes,  as  in  good  lireeding,  the  test  is 
simplicity -acconqilishiiig  the  end  iu  view  by 
directness,  and  a  lopping  off  of  redundancy. 
The  perfectly  bred  person  is  natural  and  unob¬ 
trusive,  the  best  hay  rake  is  unostentatious,  and 
so  simple  that  we  always  wonder  how  jxirfoction 
could  have  been  so  successfully  Isiilcd  down,  un¬ 
til  the  implement  looks  as  fragile  as  a  centipede 
and  is  in  reality  as  sU'oug  as  a  whale.  The  Ith¬ 
aca  Bake,  long  and  favorably  known  in  the 
State  of  New  York,  is  amoizg  the  most  iropulai- 
implements  made.  It  has  been  improved  for  the 
season  of  1876,  and  its  vaiious  makers  say  it  is 
perfection  in  raking  hay  and  stnbhle.  The  rake 
I  HAVE  a  lai'ge,  luxuriant-growing  cherry  tree, 
about  30  feet  liigh,  which  each  year  jiiVniuces 
blossoms  iierfect  iu  every  pai  ticulai'.  hut  never 
a  iierfect  cherry,  and  seldom  any  at  all.  On  ex¬ 
amining  the  blossoms  under  a  microscope,  I 
discovered  pollen  in  ahundaiiee  and  tlie  grains 
actually  attached  to  the  stigma.  WTiat  is  the 
matter? — b. 
We  confess  entue  ignorance  as  to  the  cause  of 
nou-fruitiiig,  and  should  he  jileased  to  hear  from 
some  of  our  pomologists  iu  relation  thereto. — 
Ed.  Rural. 
