MOORE’S  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
4UNE  40 
R 
aiul  who  con8c<iiicntly  ar<;  not  w)  likely  to  ro- 
mombcr  the  day  when  the  brood  may  Ikj  ex¬ 
pected,  we  liave  no  bcHitiition  in  HuggoHting  a 
jow  of  ne»t8  upon  or  very  near  to  the  grouiul, 
ttH  lieiJB  are  aoiuetimeH  fotuid  to  place  UiemHOlvert 
in  the  uanie  lix  aM  they  aro  aometinifla  forne<l  into 
by  Jiuinan  tlioughUeHKiic>« ;  In  other  words,  the 
bird  may  bo  in  tho  jKiiiition  of  tlio  old  lady  of 
bygone  days,  who,  having  set  her  face  against 
“  tips  "  to  coachmen,  upon  arriving  at  her  jom- 
noy's  end,  and  inquiring  how  she  was  to  get  off 
the  coach,  was  answered  by  the  suggestion  of 
“  the  same  way  you  got  on." 
Every  owner  of  poultry  should  guard  against 
comi)oUing  his  hens  to  that  which  exceptionally  is 
done  by  the  bii  d  without  cause,  and  as  we  say 
without  reason  or  instinct,  'rhoroforo  he  should 
either  bo  in  place  to  assist  to  put  tho  young  chicks 
on  terra  finna,  or  ho  should  sot  the  e^rgs  there. 
Another  reason  for  tho  sclcclion  of  a  iicst  on  tho 
ground  is  that  our  experience  goes  to  convince 
us  that  a  sniullcr  number  of  chicks  die  through 
sticking  to  the  shell,  atid  also  through  their  in- 
aViility  to  effect  a  full  and  Hatislactory  exit  fre  m 
the  egg.  On  the  ground  we  never  moisten  or 
sprinkle  eggs ;  they  seem  not  to  requho  it.  Tho 
greatest  objection  to  nests  plawid  very  low  in  the 
poultry  bouse  may  be  that  tlie  hen  is  to  a  very 
oonsidorahle  degree  deprived  of  quiet :  she  is 
annoyed  by  her  neighbors  looking  down  upon  or 
into  her  nest,  consequently  wo  advise  a  different 
kind  of  nest-box  for  the  ground ;  a  reversion  of 
the  same  box  may  very  probably  answer  tiro  pur¬ 
pose  in  either  case. 
Whether  on  tho  ground  or  in  a  box,  tho  nest 
when  once  used,  should  bo  destroyed.  Tho 
amount  of  lllth  and  tho  number  of  insects  which 
collect  is  almost  beyond  .belief,  oven  after  sitting 
lias  been  going  on  for  a  week  only.  We  aro  dis¬ 
posed  to  try  the  effect  of  a  Uttle  c.arholic  acid  as 
Ijoneflcial  both  to  the  old  bu'd  and  to  tho  little 
strangers  as  they  arrive.  To  form  some  idea  of 
the  number  of  fleas  in  a  hen’s  nest,  lot  any  one 
observe  the  life  there  is  upon  a  young  chicken  of 
only  an  hour  old ;  take  a  dead  one  as  it  is  begin¬ 
ning  to  get  cold  see  tho  swarms  of  black  spots, 
which  produce  life  as  well  as  death, 
A  great  top  to  tho  boxes  should  never  bo  al¬ 
lowed,  as  other  fowls  roost  upoir  or  leave  a  large 
aocumulation  of  dh  t,  which  is  highly  ohjcctiou- 
ahle  for  every  reason.  We  would  also  utter  a 
word  of  caution  against  a  continuous  ledge  reach¬ 
ing  in  front  of  the  lino  of  nests,  and  allowing  an 
iiniuisitive  bird  to  walk  along  and  diutm'b  the 
occupants  of  tho  partitions.  Stops  should  he 
placed  hero  and  tJiere,  if  not  on  each  side  of 
every  n<!St.  Stoaw  we  also  choose  In  preference 
to  hay,  but  not  too  much  of  tliat— anything  long 
and  possessing  a  toiidoncy  to  hang  or  entwine 
around  tlio  leg  of  a  sitting  hen  should  bo  dis¬ 
carded,  but  straw  chaff,  as  suggostod  by  some 
authorities,  wo  never  use. 
It  is  desii'ahlo  to  allow  a  nest  to  settle  when  a 
nest  is  made,  and  a  hen  is  I’omovcd  from  what  is 
considered  an  inseem'o  to  a  safe  place.  Occasion¬ 
ally  people  place  a  hen  on  a  mass  of  hay,  and  llud 
to  their  surprise  broken  eggs,  which  have  boon 
dragged  out  by  even  a  cai'eful  mother.  When  a 
hou  is  out  ot  the  nest,  and  a  good  sittoi’  will  in 
gf  neral  loavo  at  the  regular  time  of  feeding,  wo 
advocate  au  examination  of  the  nest,  otherwise, 
our  idea  is  to  leave  the  bir  d  as  much  as  possible 
to  herself,  and,  if  tho  nest  be  suitable,  to  hope 
for  the  host. 
GERMINATION  OF  SEEDS. 
It  is  a  great  puzzle  to  many  persons  to  know 
how  certain  plants  become  distributed  over  tho 
country,  or  wliy  they  spring  up  all  of  a  sudden 
where  none  were  ever  seen  before.  S.  B.  I’kok 
of  Muskegon,  Mich.,  who  appears  to  be  a  yery 
close  observer,  gives  his  views  of  the  distribution 
and  germination  of  seeds  in  tho  Weekly  Sun  as 
follows : 
Tlioro  are  many  unaccountable  facts  in  relation 
to  the  distribution  and  vegetation  of  seeds  which 
are  yet,  and  iierhaps  always  will  ho,  mysteries. 
Witii  our  conrmou  cultivated  crops  we  expect  to 
reap  such  as  we  sow  and  plant,  because  such  has 
boftn  our  observation  and  experience,  and  we 
who  liftvo  helped  clear  up  and  settle  new  coun¬ 
tries  have  learuiod  that  after  the  first  fires  to  get 
X'kl  of  tho  refuse  wood,  there  generally  spring  up 
a  variety  of  plants  that  seem  not  to  geiieially 
vegetate  under  other  circumstances,  and  the  uii- 
nvoidnhle  concluaiou  is  that  the  seeds  of  these 
jilants  have  remaiued  in  or  on  tiie  aoil  for  years, 
age.H,  or  centuries,  awaiting  favorable  circum- 
staiicea  to  briirg  them  into  life.  Huch  are  the 
common  blackberry,  tho  wild  cheny,  the  wild 
poplar,  and  tho  fireweed.  TliO  seeds  of  the  first 
two  are  doubtleaa  distrilrutiKl  by  birds  and  small 
animals  only,  while  the  latter  two  are  provlJed 
with  ogri'ls,  or  wings,  evidently  for  the  purpose 
of  (Ustrihutloii,  and  all  four  art*  Btfuiulatod  into 
action  by  Uio  ashes  or  the  heat  of  the  fires.  The 
distiihution  of  tho  acorns,  which  produce  tho 
oaks  that  cover  such  extonsive  f  racts  of  now  land 
in  Homo  of  the  Western  States,  is  a  greater  mys¬ 
tery  for  it  can  hardly  be  supjioaed  that  they  can, 
like  the  ecoda  of  berries,  pass  through  the 
stomachs  of  tho  birds  and  beasts  harmless.  A 
still  greater  wonder  is  the  fact  that  wlrile  tho  old 
oak  treoa  that  produce  tho  seed  are  mainly  of 
Uie  wliitc  variety,  tho  young  onoH  are  mostly  of 
tho  black,  rod,  or  yellow  kindH.  We  can  only 
cxidain  this  on  tho  theory  tliat  naturo  thus  illua- 
trates  the  princiijlo  of  *•  rotation  of  ci'ops." 
Tliore  aro  many  other  jrhuits,  the  seeds  of 
which  arc  rarely  known  to  vegetate,  except  under 
peculiar*  circumstances  other  than  th'O.  Tho 
sycamore  or  buttonwood  tree,  producing  an  in¬ 
finity  of  Hoeds,  which  aro  blown  by  tho  winds 
over  largo  toacts.  I  have  never  known  to  vogotato 
cxecjit  where  tho  subsoil  is  brought  to  the  sur- 
faco,  either  by  artificial  excavations,  tho  upturn¬ 
ing  of  trees,  or  tho  abrasion  of  the  banks  of 
streams.  Thus  we  fiud  tho  young  trees  along 
onr  canals  and  railroads,  and  seldom  anywhere 
else. 
The  coniinon  mayweed  is  peculiar  to  highways, 
and  though  producing  an  abundance  of  seed,  wc 
rarely  see  it  in  fields,  but  is  abundant  in  roads 
where  tho  ground  i.s  stirred  by  travel,  while  just 
under  tho  surface  the  earth  remuiiiK  frozen  ;  thus 
we  see  it  following  tho  sleigli  tracks  wlicrc  teams 
have  in  sjiring  turned  out  <»f  tho  main  Iruck  to 
roach  snow  uiion  the  sides  of  tho  streets.  But 
examples  of  the  idiosyncracies  of  jilauts  more 
familiar  to  us  who  have  emigrated  from  the 
older  to  tho  newer  countries,  are  tlie  springing 
up  in  the  wake  of  sottlomcnts,  without  any  in¬ 
tentional  agency  of  man  or  any  known  cause,  of 
such  plants  us  burdock,  catnip,  motherwort, 
plantain,  and  many  other  plants  to  me  nameless, 
whicli  are  seldom  seen  cxcejit  around  tho  habita¬ 
tions  of  man,  and  never  appearing  till  the  prem¬ 
ise's  have  been  occupied  for  some  years.  Can  wo 
resist  tho  idea  tliat  thc.se  seeds  aro  stimulatoil 
into  hfe  through  llie  euianatiuns  from  tho  body 
of  man  ? 
That  many  hard  shelled  small  seeds,  IDto  tiUTiip 
and  mustard,  will  sometimes  remain  uninjured 
in  the  soil  ten  or  twenty  years,  has  been  repeat¬ 
edly  demonstrated,  and  ifso,  why  not  100  or  1,000 
yoai’s  ?  And  on  the  clearing  of  new  lauds  grasses 
spring  up,  tho  seeds  of  which  we  have  eveiy 
reason  to  believe  have  lain  dormant  during  the 
growth  of  a  heavy  burdou  of  timber.  On  the  soil 
of  Giis  region  sorrel  occujiies  tho  gi’ound  whore- 
oertho  timber  is  removed,  and  if  tho  laud  is 
cultivated  a  few  years  and  a  coat  of  inannro  is 
applied  pursolaiu  sjirings  up  on  every  squ^ 
inch,  and  it  seems  liardl.v  possiblo^that  tho  soddJr 
of  this  plant  could  have  been  m  tho  manure,  for 
the  plant  is  not  gatliercd  with  any  of  our  crops. 
We  cannot  resist  the  idea  tliat  tlie  earth  as  it  now 
is  tooms  vnth  myriads  of  seeds,  patiently  await¬ 
ing  the  time  and  the  circumstances  that  favor 
their  springing  into  life. 
One  of  those  small  liard  shelled  soods,  tena¬ 
cious  of  life,  peculiar  to  now  lauds,  and  not  often 
vegetating,  except  under  peculiar  circumstances, 
is  tho  chess  plant,  and  the  ]iabulum  which  it 
seems  to  requho  for  its  vogotation  and  jirosiierity 
is  tlio  dead  and  decaying  wheat  jilaiit.  The  evi- 
donees  of  this  aro,  that  whuneM-r  and  wherever 
tho  wheat  llourishes,  tho  chess  docs  not;  but 
where  cuciimstances  have  causoii  the  destruction 
of  tho  wheat  uitlica*  in  the  seed  or  plant,  there 
and  then  (he  chess  floiu'ishea,  if  so  be  that  there 
are  dorinaiit  Hced.s  in  tho  ground,  fur  it  duos  nut 
always  follow  the  destruction  of  the  wheat. 
There  are  several  iustauccs  on  record  of  tho 
roots  of  chess  being  found  pcrnieatiug  the  shell 
of  the  wheat  keinol,  seeking  there  (like  tho  roots 
of  many  other  pilants)  tho  food  best  suited  to  its 
taste.  If  I  am  asked  how  came  the  seeds  of  cliess 
in  tho  soil  I  can  only  answer  it  by  asking  the 
same  question  in  relation  to  tho  seeds  of  tlie 
other  plants  named.  To  those  who  know  from 
their  own  ex]ica*ience  that  “wheat  dues  turn  to 
chess,"  I  can  state  a  case  established  by  similar 
evidence,  a  man  know  there  were  such  things  us 
ghosts,  for  ho  “had  scon  them." 
- - 
WHAT  IS  TOBACCO  1 
If  any  of  tlio  readers  of  tlie  Rural  New- 
Yorkkr  sliould  ever  feel  disiiosed  to  answer  tho 
above  question,  we  would  refer  them  to  a  late 
article  which  apjiearod  in  the  Florida  agricid- 
tuiist,  written  by  an  M.  D.  E.  R.  C.  H.  etc.,  etc. 
He  tells  us  “  that  several  varieties  fi*om  America, 
Cuba.  Mexico,  Tm-key,  China,  and  tlie  Indies 
were  exporimeutod  upon,  and  each  was  found  to 
contain  inure  or  loss  of  collulino,  lignino,  albu¬ 
men,  starch,  gum,  gluten,  resin,  hitler  oxtra(;t, 
water,  tannic  acid,  citi'ic  acid,  ui(ric  acid,  sUioio 
acid,  malic  acid,  malato  of  ammonia,  malato  of 
lime,  malato  of  potassa,  cai’bonate  of  potassa, 
cliloride  of  potassium,  sulphate  of  potassa,  car¬ 
bonate  of  Ume,  phosphate  of  lime,  crystallino 
sand,  sulphate  of  alumina,  camphorated  uico- 
tino,  and  tho  oil  of  uicotine.  The  sum  total  of 
all  those  clioiuical  coni])ound8  consists  of  the 
monadic  luolocules,  aluminum,  carbon,  calcium, 
chloruni,  hydi’ogenum,  nitrogeiium,  oxygcmim, 
phoephoiium,  potassium,  silicum,  audsulphmum 
in  varied  jiroixirtionB,  but  the  tobacco  most  prized 
for  iU  flavor,  aroma,  and  richness  of  juice  was 
found,  by  repeated  trials,  to  contain  an  unusual 
tpiantity  of  iiotassium,  an  element  superior  in 
vital  forcos  to  all  the  other  fiftoen  orders  of 
organo-uionadic-molecrules  that  constitute  the 
Ufo,  nerve,  force,  and  the  individual,  est  ego,  of 
every  lieliig,  plant,  and  animal  tliat  lives  on  the 
face  of  the  oai  tli,  or  that  exists  in  the  bosom  of 
the  seas." 
After  committing  the  above  to  memory  no  one 
would  over  bo  at  a  loss  to  answer  tlio  question, 
what  is  tobacco  ?  'J’lien,  after  repeating  the 
above  rigmarole  we  might  bo  counted  very 
learned  among  these  w'ho  did  not  undertaiid  what 
it  was  all  about  ? 
- - 
MORE  POLLEN  NEEDED. 
The  Western  Rural  tells  of  a  man  who  plants, 
two  or  thioe  weeks  after  tho  corn  is  planted,  a 
new  bill  of  corn  every  fifteenth  row  each  way. 
And  Uiis  is  tho  reason:  If  tho  weather  becomes 
dry  aftcT  filling  time,  tlio  silk  and  tho  tassel  both 
becomo  dry  and  dead.  In  this  condition,  if  it 
become  seasonable,  tho  silk  revives  and  renews 
its  grow  I  h,  but  the  tassels  do  not  recover.  Tlien, 
for  waul  of  iiollcii,  tho  new  silk  is  unable  to  fill 
tho  oflice  for  which  it  was  designed.  The  pollen 
from  tho  rcplantod  corn  is  then  ready  to  supply 
the  silk,  and  the  filling  is  completed.  Ho  says 
nearly  all  the  abortive  ears,  so  common  in  all 
corn  crops,  are  caused  by  the  want  of  pollen,  and 
he  had  known  ears  to  double  their  size  in  this 
second  filling. 
- - 
Tiik  Michigan  Farmer  says  the  Peachblow 
Potato  is  dying  out.  This  will  be  nows  to  our 
more  Eastern  farmers,  especially  to  those  resid¬ 
ing  in  New  Jersey  and  reniiHylvaiiia,  as  well  as 
those  dependent  uiKiii  tho  city  for  a  supjily  of 
this  wholesome  tuber.  New-Yorkers,  who  find 
tlie  old  Peachblow  Potato  abundant  in  the  mar¬ 
ket  and  on  every  table  in  saloon  and  liotol,  and, 
in  fact,  about  tho  only  potato  seen  in  such  places 
at  this  Hcasou,  will  be  somewhat  surprised  to 
hiiirn  that  this  old  favorite  is  dying  out  anywhere. 
®[ic  Ijorsfiiuin. 
A  PARSON’S  METHOD  OF  COLT-BREAKING, 
A  Minister  writes  his  practice  of  breaking 
ffeid  harnessing  colts  as  follows,  to  the  Golden 
Rule: — When  the  foal  is  fifteen  mouths  old  we 
begin  to  educate  him  to  harness.  Most  colts, 
reuieiubcr,  aro  timid ;  they  are  born  so.  Tho 
first  day,  wo  simply  pul  saddle  without  the 
hack-strap  on,  buckling  nptho  belly-hand  loosely. 
iTiis  is  done  many  times,  incrouHing  tho  prosKure. 
Then  we  take  the  neck  collar,  and  put  it  over  his 
head,  first  pt:rmittiug  him  to  smell  of  it,  and 
touch  it  with  his  nose,  until  ho  is  ent  irely  con¬ 
vinced  that  it  is  not  ealciilated  to  hurt  hlui.  In 
like  manner  wc*  add  part  to  part  until  the  colt  is 
fully  harnessed.  He  is  thou  allowed  to  stand 
with  the  harness  on  Until  he  has  had  time  to  reflect 
upon  the  whole  mattor,  and  become  accustomed 
to  the  jirosHure  of  the  harness  against  his  sensi- 
live  skin  ;  for  we  must  remomher  that  all  this 
performance  seems  very  queer  to  him,  and 
startling.  When  he  has  fully  composed  his 
mind,  and  settled  down  into  conviction  that 
ovcrytliing  is  all  right  and  as  it  should  be  with 
liini,  he  is  then  walked  about,  Gie  harness  still 
on,  and  brought  back  every  few  minutes  to  the 
spot  whore  ho  is  to  he  unhai*nesHwl,  and  taught 
to  stand  as  long  as  it  would  naturally  take  to  re¬ 
move  tho  uariicss.  Sti*aps  ars  loosened,  bucklo- 
toiiguos  started,  saddle  and  collar  eased ;  in  short, 
everything  done  tliat  would  bo  douein  nnhaincss- 
ing.  save  removing  tbo  hnnioss.  After  several 
times,  Giis  atauding  still  while  being  uuhanicssed 
has  oomo  to  bo,  in  his  mind,  a  jiart  of  the  pro¬ 
gramme,  and  he  understands  it  and  assents  to  it 
as  such.  Once  learned,  in  the  case  of  an  intelli¬ 
gent  horse,  always  leai'ned.  This  same  process 
should  be  gone  throiigli  with  in  tho  case  of  a 
high-spirited  valuable  colt,  once  or  twice  each 
day,  for  a  week  at  least.  And  remember  tliat  he 
is  learning  many  UfBsoiis  in  one,  including  that, 
tho  greatest  of  all  a  colt  can  learu,  viz. ;  to  have 
conddonce  in  and  j  ield  his  will  to  man.  Have 
great  patience  at  this  point  of  liis  education, 
and  proceed  step  by  step,  advancing  no  farther 
than  your  jiupil's  success  justilles.  Biiriug  tho 
harness  exorclsus,  accnKtoin  tho  colt  to  pressuro 
against  breast  and  shoulder  by  tj’ing  long  cords 
into  the  buckle  cither  side  of  tJio  collar,  and 
pulling  gently,  causing  him  to  brace  himself,  as 
he  would  naturally  do,  against  it.  This  gives 
him  tho  idea  of  drawing  weight  somewhere 
behind  huu,  and,  by  permitting  him  to  pull  you 
along,  he  will  grow  to  fool  that  ho  can  pull  any¬ 
thing. 
-  - - 
BREAKING  COLTS. 
There  must  be  a  good  deal  of  misunderstand¬ 
ing  and  some  ignorance  about  tho  handling  of 
oolts.  I  have  seen  hundreds  of  Welsh  colts 
brought  into  England  which  were  foaled  on  the 
mountains,  aud  never  touched  in  the  way  of 
breaking,  and  they  are  haltered  in  the  fairs  by 
tlie  drovers,  hauled  out  of  tho  drove  and  pulled 
about  by  main  force,  and  there  is  no  danger  aj)- 
prehonded  from  falling. 
In  England,  tho  nag  colts,  sired  by  thorough¬ 
bred  horses,  which  fanners  breed  to  sell  as  car¬ 
riage  or  lighter  horses,  and  also  those  intended 
for  saddle  exclusively,  are  generally  broken  by 
men  who  make  a  living  at  tho  work,  and  these 
men,  who  ai’c  termed  “  colt  breakers,’’  will  all 
say  they  can  get  on  much  better  and  bring  a  colt 
to  a  goo<l  mouth  and  to  his  paces  much  better 
when  he  has  never  been  handled  by  inexporicnced 
Iieople. 
Colts  with  good  blood,  that  is,  of  tho  “  nag  " 
Sl>ecic8,  as  it  is  termed  in  the  MidcRing  counties, 
are  always  brokmi  to  the  saddle  first,  for  riding 
on  horseback  is  universal  tbcrc,  and  a  nice  mouth 
is  of  as  innch  imiKirtanoe  in  every  horse  as 
“  good  hands  "  arc  in  every  rider.  There  was  no 
Intention  of  saying  the  correct  mctlnal  was  to  let 
all  colts  run  till  three  or  four  years’  old,  tho 
most  meant  wa.s  to  show  there  was  no  necessity 
to  httltf>r  them  whore  it  was  not  always  conven¬ 
ient  to  do  HO  before  Uiey  were  requirwl  for  work. 
Diffkuk.vce  ok  Oi*i>'ioN'. — Let  people  agree  to 
differ.  One  sot  of  men  bcUevo  in  tho  moon  hav¬ 
ing  influence  on  vegetation,  on  rain  fall  and  on 
the  blood  of  animal  life,  and  on  tbo  preserving 
and  keeping  of  moat,  etc.  Some  lielievo  that 
two-year  old  oolts,  or  any  j’oung  males,  cannot 
get  as  giHKl  stock  as  when  older,  and  there  aro 
many  absurdities  about  influence  of  high  feed¬ 
ing  uf  males  on  their  offspring,  when  the  truth 
is,  every  male  of  every  variety  is  more  certain  to 
get  stuck  and  eonlinue  to  do  ho  when  he  is  fed 
plainly  and  is  tiot  allowed  to  have  muoli  flesh  on 
him. 
Then  there  aro  those  who  helievo  that  grazing 
pastures  ivith  sheep  is  injurious,  aud  cannot  un¬ 
derstand  that  there  are  iiastures  which  will  im- 
provo  without  any  kind  of  manuring,  beyond 
what  the  animals  drop  in  the  shape  of  dung  and 
urino. 
1  know  a  man  who  will  not  have  any  poultry 
about  his  farm  huildings,  yards,  cte.,  and  thiuks 
it  pro|X!r  to  coiifluc  all  fowls  in  places  osiiocially 
erected  for  them.  I  know  men  who  have  not 
brains  enough  to  savo  any  manure  from  cattle 
fattening  to  a  very  lino  ijuality  of  boef,  and  actu¬ 
ally  tlmow  it  all  in  the  river. 
- ♦♦♦ - 
BIG -HEAD  IN  HORSES. 
This  disease  w  hich  has  attracted  so  much  at¬ 
tention  of  late  is  mithing  new,  hut  one  that  ap- 
jwiarH  to  follow  tho  westward  inarch  of  corn 
culture.  The  ^Vc8U*^u  Rural  seems  to  favor  this 
idea  in  the  following : 
Tho  disease  commonly  called  big-head  is  an  eu- 
lai'gement  of  the  bony  structure  of  the  face, 
commencing  from  the  hollow  benoath  the  eyes, 
and  running  nearly  to  the  junction  of  the  nos¬ 
trils.  The  opinion  is  that  it  is  caused  by  the 
mastication  of  too  much  coni  when  young, 
which  produces  ulceration  uf  tho  roots  of  the 
tooth,  when  tliey  are  not  fully  filled  or  set.  Tho 
convincing  evidence  of  this  fact  is  that  big-head 
is  seldom  exhibited  in  any  other  part  of  the 
country,  except  in  the  Htutes,  more  especially  in 
tlie  Western  States,  as  more  twi  n  is  fed  there. 
T'ho  HjTuptoms  aro  the  eidargomcnt  of  those 
bones  of  the  face  that  are  of  a  spongy  cluuacter, 
and  if  allowed  to  proceed,  breaks  out  in  small 
holes,  and  runs  a  thick  socrotiou.  Treatment : 
Apply  ill  the  first  stage  an  ointment  composed  of 
strong  mercurial  ointment,  2  ounces;  mix.  Ap¬ 
ply  hrice  a  day,  and  give  broken  doses  of  calo¬ 
mel  and  tartar  emetic,  or  iodide  of  fKitash,  in 
moderate  doses,  but  never  tho  two  together. 
This  is  thought  to  bo  a  radical  cure,  as  there  are 
cases  under  observation  daily  that  have  been 
cmed  by  the  same  process.  Secondary  :  By  syi*- 
iuging  the  holes  with  a  solution  as  follows: 
bromine,  1  ounce ;  water  1  piuts,  aud  give  al¬ 
terative  treatment  as  above. 
In  a  hook  before  us,  published  nearly  forty  years 
since,  tiicro  is  a  recipe  for  curing  this  disease, 
which  was  then  known  in  ToniiosHeo  under  tho 
same  uame  as  at  present.  The  writer  says  that 
he  has  seen  a  iiumbor  of  horses  affectoil  ivith  this 
disease,  but  never  a  mule.  As  tho  coi  ly  settlers 
in  Tonnessce  fed  whole  corn  almost  exclusively 
to  their  horses,  as  many  of  tliein  do  at  this  day, 
wo  can  readily  understand  how  the  disease  has 
lieon  kept  alive,  if  not  perpetuated,  by  direct 
hereditary  descent. 
Our  veterinarians  of  to-day,  however,  would 
Hoarccly  indorse  the  treatment  roconimended  for 
hig-heail  forty  years  ago,  for  the  hot-iron  was 
their  only  recourse,  a  cruelty  w'liich  was  once 
uit©  in  vogue  among  our  fai-mors  for  various 
iseaues. 
- - 
Fistula. — Fistula  on  a  horn  is  hut  the  result 
of  an  injury  and  when  once  started  is  likely  to 
spread  unless  treated  in  a  radical  manner.  Every 
llistulous  passage  must  be  opened  with  a  kuife 
aud  the  pus  removed ;  then  treat  tho  wound  with 
uitruto  of  Bilver  or  chloride  of  zinc,  one  dram 
of  either  to  an  ounce  of  water.  Inject  into 
wash  the  wound  thoroughly  and  frequently. 
