MOORE’S  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
“PROGRESS  and  IMPROVEMENT.” 
MOORE’S  RURAL  NEW-YORKER, 
A  NATIONAL  1LLU8TUATEI) 
BDBAL,  LITERARY  AND  FAMILY  NEWSPAPER. 
ANDREW  S.  FULLER,  Editor. 
ELBERT  S.  CARMAN,  -  -  Associate  Editor. 
X.  A.  WILLARD,  A.  M.,  Little  Falls,  N,  Y., 
KnlTOE  Ojr  THl  D,PABTU*NI  hr  DaIKT  HD«»iNDBY. 
a.  A.  C.  BAUNETT,  Piibllpiiier. 
TERMS  FOR  1876.  IN  ADVANCE, 
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Address 
- *** - 
RURAL  PUBLISHING  CO., 
78  Duane  Street,  New  York  City. 
SATURDAY,  JULY  29,  1876. 
A  NEGLECTED  SOIJEOE  OF  WEALTH. 
With  all  our  hnnated  progress  iu  tlie 
various  industrial  pursuits,  succeeding 
generations  will  doubtless  marvel  at  lack 
of  industry  and  gross  stupidity.  This 
may  not  be  a  pleasant  view  to  take  of  our 
situation  or  be  very  complimentary  to  the 
general  intelligence  of  tliose  uiion  wliose 
inventive  genius  and  labors  the  nation 
depends  for  its  stable  wealth.  Still,  while 
we  may  not  be  able  to  discover  our  own 
shortcomings,  those  who  come  niter  us 
surely  will,  however  much  we  try  to  avoid 
leaving  what  lU'o  termed  the  great  w'orks 
of  the  age  incomplete. 
If  there  is  any  one  industry  in  which, 
as  a  nation,  we  take  more  pride  in  than 
another,  it  is  in  the  development  of  our 
natural  resources ;  and  wliile  wo  liave 
good  reasons  to  be  proud  of  wlmt  has  been 
done  in  this  direction,  there  is  still  room 
for  regret  that  some  have  nearly  or  quite 
escaped  notice  or  serious  attention.  One 
of  the  most  prominent  of  these,  is  the 
almost  total  neglect  of  employing  the 
water  in  our  Diousauds  of  brooks,  ponds 
and  rivers  for  iiTigatiug  puri>oses.  Here 
is  a  source  of  wealtli  which  might  be  made 
to  yield  greater  returns  than  all  the  gold 
and  silver  mines  of  the  Continent,  but  for 
the  lack  of  proper  appreciation  or  skill  to 
employ  it,  this  incalculable  source  of 
W'ealth  is  permitted  to  pass  by  our  very 
doors  iu  its  idle  meanderiugs  from  moun¬ 
tain  tops  to  the  sea.  There  is  scarcely  a 
season  passes  at  some  period  of  which  a 
severe  drouth  does  not  occur,  when  an 
abundance  or  even  a  small  supply  of 
water  applied  artificially  to  the  land  W'ould 
not  insure  a  bountiful  crop ;  and  while 
every  farmer  and  gardener  will  admit  this 
to  bo  true,  there  seems  to  be  a  general 
apathy  among  this  very  class  of  our  peo¬ 
ple  in  regard  to  this  subject  of  irrigation. 
It  is  true  that  we  do  occasionally  hear 
of  an  instance  of  low  meadows  being  flood¬ 
ed  and  the  enormous  yield  of  hay  gathered 
therefrom  in  consequence ;  but  their  num- 
bei-s  are  so  few  as  to  be  scarcely  worthy 
of  record.  We  are  reminded  at  this  time 
of  an  extensive  region  of  country  adjacent 
to  this  great  city  of  New  York  and  ex¬ 
tending  to  the  nortbwest  fifty  or  more 
miles,  which  is  now  suffering  from  one  of 
the  severest  di’oiitha  ever  known.  Crops 
of  all  kinds  liave  been  rut  Rhort,  gardens 
and  lawns  burned  up,  and  ornamental 
trees  and  shrubs  dying  by  the  thousands 
— all  for  the  want  of  a  little  moistiuro  ; 
and  still  there  is  not  mituroBy  a  better 
watered  region  in  the  country  than  thin 
one  to  which  we  refer.  A  man  cun  scarcely 
travel  a  mile  iu  any  dii'cction  without 
crossiug  small  and  large  nevei'-failing 
streams ;  but  we  doubt  if  a  single  attempt, 
has  ever  been  made  to  utilize  the  water  in 
those  brook.s  for  irrigating  puri>OBe8. 
The  land  lying  contiguous  to  these  I 
sti’eams  could,  in  many  instances,  be  irri-  ■ 
g.ateil  by  taking  the  water  directly  there-  ' 
from  and  distributing  it  in  ditches  ;  but 
where  it  is  needed  most  is  upon  the  high 
grotiud,  where  it  cannot  be  taken  without 
more  or  less  ex}ieuse  iu  the  way  of  pipes 
and  power  for  elevating  it ;  but  the  cost 
of  these  is  really  of  but  little  moment 
when  compared  with  the  benefits  derived 
therefrom. 
A  wind-mill  is  probably  the  cheapest 
power  known  for  this  purpose,  costing 
scarcely  anything  for  attendance  when  once 
put  in  position  and,  if  projicrly  construct¬ 
ed,  very  little  for  repairs.  There  are  few 
localities  where  there  is  not  wind  enough 
to  pump  all  the  water  required  lor  ordi¬ 
nary  purposes,  provided  a  good,  esepneious 
reseiwoir  is  furnished  to  hold  the  surplus 
raised  at  times  when  artificial  applioitious 
of  this  element  were  not  required. 
More  than  one  farmer  and  gardener 
have  said  to  us  during  the  drouths  of  the 
past  half  dozen  years,  that  their  losses  in 
a  single  season  would  more  than  pay  for 
the  Cost  of  the  uecessaiy  ajiparatus  to  irri¬ 
gate  theii-  entire  laud ;  but  they  oontiuue 
to  defer  Ibo  preiiarations  for  iireventing 
such  losses  in  the  future,  vainly  honing 
for  more  favorable  seasons.  J 
'Phore  is  more  gold  iu  the  bttle  streams 
which  are  found  in  such  abundance 
throughout  the  Eastern  States  than  in  t,he 
gravelly  beds  underlying  those  of  the 
Rocky  Mountain  regions ;  and  what  is 
more,  it  will  c^st  a  far  less  sacrifice  of 
health  and  capital  to  obtain  it;  but  we 
can  do  little  more  tlian  to  tell  where  it  is 
to  be  found,  leading  the  collecting  to  those 
who  possess  the  requisite  skill  and  facili¬ 
ties  for  drawing  upon  tliis  inexhaustible 
source  of  wealth. 
FOLLOWING  A  LEAD. 
A  COBKESPONOENT  of  the  N.  T.  Times, 
writing  from  I’hiladelphia  about  the  open¬ 
ing  of  the  Centennial  Exhibition,  reports 
the  remarks  of  one  of  tlie  German  officials 
who  expressed  suiquise  at  the  appeai-auco 
of  the  crowd  : — ‘‘Mein  Gott !  One  hun¬ 
dred  thousand  people  and  no  peasantry !” 
He  is  not  an  exception.  The  ditferenee 
in  appearance  between  an  American  and 
a  European  gathering  is  uppai-eut  to  all. 
When  , Jenny  Lino  rode  from  the  steamer 
to  her  hotel  that  bright  Sunday  murning 
of  her  arrival  iu  Americii^  the  throngs  that 
crowded  ai'Ound  the  carriage  attracted  her 
attention.  “Mr.  Barnum,”  said  she,  “  I 
see  no  poor  jjcople.” 
A  German  friend  of  ours,  who  came 
some  years  since,  said  that  whicli  strude 
Vi  ini  JV8  most  singular  when  he  passed  across 
the  Battery  was,  that  the  drivers  of  the 
carriages  iu  waiting,  almost  without  ex¬ 
ception,  wore  white  shirts  and  were  read¬ 
ing  newspapers.  It  is  certainly  a  thing 
of  which,  us  a  people,  we  may  lie  proud, 
that  there  arc  no  classes  and  but  few  indi¬ 
viduals,  who  are  so  far  doAvn  in  poverty 
as  to  be  unable  to  dress  decently. 
But  among  the  orow'd  in  Philadelpliia 
there  were  peasants — farmers,  mechanics, 
day  laborers — all  honorable  men  and  re- 
sijwtable  citizens,  neither  better  nor 
worse  on  account  of  their  avocations.  For 
the  day  they  laid  aside  the  hoe,  the  ham¬ 
mer  and  the  hod,  and  donned  their  best 
apparel,  all  of  which,  we  venture  to  say, 
was  paid  for.  These  ai'e  not  the  classes 
that  make  tailors’  bills. 
But  he  who  in  an  American  crowd  or 
in  any  American  society  undertakes  to 
judge  of  a  man’s  position  from  his  dress, 
makes  a  mistake.  Our  people  do  not  take 
the  advice  given  by  one  of  Shakspeabe’s 
characters,  “  Costly  thy  raiment  as  thy  j 
jiurse  affords,"  but  make  their  dress  rich 
and  expensive  without  regard  to  the  purse 
and  whether  they  can  afford  it  or  not.  At 
church,  iu  aocicty,  on  the  street,  the  mil¬ 
lionaire  and  the  man  not  worth  a  penny 
iu  the  world  are  dressed  alike.  The  wives 
and  daughters  of  men  who  are  living  on 
their  incomes  wear  no  finer  silks  and  no 
more  expensive  jewels  than  do  those  of 
men  of  modiji’atc  means,  much  of  whose 
earnings  and  profits  are  all  spent  for  use¬ 
less  extravagauc(‘. 
It  is  fact  so  patent,  it  retiuires  no  argu¬ 
ment  ;  wo  all  sec  it  cveiy  day.  And  the 
corollary — the  direct  inference  is  that  too 
much  money  is  spent  in  this  coiuitry  on 
dress.  But  wiio  shall  say  what  one  may 
or  may  not  wear  ?  Shall  tlie  miller  always 
weal’  whit.G  and  tho  farmer  gray,  and  the 
gardener  Iduc  clothes?  Wo  are  not  ad¬ 
vocates  for  uniforms  for  the  different  pro- 
fessiong,  trades  or  classes ;  nor  would  we 
limit  the  price  that  should  be  paid  for 
dress.  'The  advice  iu  the  quotation  given 
above  is  sound  :  let  every  man  dress  as 
he  chooses  if  bis  pume  affords  it.  There 
are,  however,  only  a  few  who  dress  in  ac¬ 
cordance  with  their  own  ideas  of  the  fitness 
of  thmgs  ;  f-ashions  must  be  followed  (is 
nearly  as  may  bo,  and  what  another  Avears 
is  an  example  for  us.  AVe  imitate  when 
it  is  both  useless  and  foolish  and  striv'C  to 
do  as  others  do  wlieu  we  need  the  money 
we  might  save  for  otlier  pnriioses. 
Tliuse  remarks  we  make  ubunt  dress 
may,  with  propriety,  be  apjilied  to  almost 
every  department  of  living^ — ^honses,  furni¬ 
ture,  ornament,  food.  There  is  too  much 
striving  to  ape  the  habits  of  tliose  who  have 
more  money  than  ato  have,  and  it  is  this 
aping — spending  money  for  things  not 
necessary  oecauso  somebody  else  has  them 
— that  keeps  so  manj'  in  comparative  pov¬ 
erty.  There  is  no  country  m  the  w'orld 
where  the  common  people  can  obtain  a 
good  living  for  so  little  labor  as  in  tliis  ; 
and  when  wo  begin  to  spend  our  mouey 
for  AA’hat  W'e  need  only,  instead  of  for  what 
wo  want,  from  that  momeut  we  shall  begiu 
to  accumulate  what  will  feed  and  clothe 
us  and  ours  when  we  have  arrived  at  an 
age  that  avc  should  be  excused  from  fur- 
th^er  labor. 
To  secure  this  end,  a  good  supply  of 
will  power  is  necessary.  It  is  not  an  easy 
thing  for  a  man — and  it  is  a  harder  one 
lorn  woman — to  declare  independence  and 
not  be  governed  by  wbut  they  wear,  or 
have,  or  do,  or  say.  But  sticli  declaration 
is  necessary  in  many  cuses.  And  there 
are  but  few,  and  that  few  yot  worthy  of 
notice,  Avho  will  not  at  heart  coinmetid  the 
action  of  those  who  endcaATU  to  regulate 
their  expenses  with  due  Regard  to  their 
income.  If  tberc  is  one  class  of  our  read¬ 
ers  to  Avhom  more  than  to  another,  avo 
Avould  impress  tliese  ideas,  it  is  the  young 
— those  Avhose  habits  aia*  yc\t  to  be  formed 
and  tho  formation  of  whicli  is  of  the  ut¬ 
most  importance  to  them.  Their  motto 
should  be,  ‘‘  Economy  and  Fnigality,” 
and  they  should  cvei*  bear  iu  mind  t  he 
remark  of  Mr.  Micaavber  ; — “An income, 
twenty  pounds,  an  expenditure,  ninetsen, 
uiueteeu,  six,  result  ha])piuesB  ;  an  in¬ 
come  twenty  pounds,  an  expenditure  tAven- 
ty  nought  six,  result,  misery.” 
- ♦♦♦  ■  ■ 
RURAL.  NOTES  AND  aUERIES. 
The  Thirty-SiAth  Aiiiiual  Fair 
of  the  N.  Y,  State  Agricultural  Society 
will  take  ]jlace  at  Albanj’,  Sept.  11-1.5, 
this  year.  Some  have  expressea  the  opin¬ 
ion  that  the  C/entennial  Exhibition  Avill 
largely  contribute  to  the  scarcity  of  exhib¬ 
itors  lor  lH7t5 ;  but  aa'O  are  satisfied,  from 
conversations  Avith  many  of  the  regular 
and  new  exhibitors,  that  this  Fair  Avoiiid 
not  1  le  missed  by  them  on  any  account. 
Its  popularity,  At^iich  is  increasing  every 
year,  is  probably  due  largel3'  to  the  liberal 
treatment  to  be  relied  upon  from  tbo  lieads 
of  the  various  dejiartments  os  well  as  the 
certainty  of  a  croAvd  of  visitors  during  the 
time  the  Fair  is  open.  Copies  of  the  Pre¬ 
mium  List  and  blanks  lor  entries,  can  be 
bad  by  adebessing  “  State  Agricultural 
Society,  Albany,  N.  Y.”  Early  entries 
are  safest  and  best. 
l>epreciating’  Value  ofSilx’er. — 
Not  long  since  everybody'  seemed  to  be 
anxious  to  have  silver  circulate  as  of  old, 
most  persons  having  become  tbed  of  the 
far  too  often  liltliy  paper  fractional  cur¬ 
rency.  But  noAV  that  silver  has  become 
abundant  it  depreciates  in  value,  and  for 
aught  we  know  it  may  soon  not  be  worth 
as  much  as  old  iron.  It  is  a  clean  and 
good-looking  circulating  medium  however 
and  not  likely  to  bum  up  or  blow  away, 
luid  for  onr  part  we  bke  the  change,  having 
had  enough  of  rags  and  nickel.  But  if 
silvc'i;  is  to  be  thrown  out  of  use  because 
of  its  abundance,  why  may  not  gold  meet 
the  same  fate  at  some  future  day.  It  is 
difficult  to  say  what  may  happen,  still  we 
luqie  even  onr  financial  Gocis  will  not  de¬ 
prive  us  of  a  good  bard  currency  that  can 
be  made  to  jingle  when  one  needs  such 
music. 
Protect  tlie  Purchaser. — Of  late 
there  has  been  some  discussion  in  the 
Rural  Press  iu  regard  to  tbe  subject  of 
patenting  noAV  fruits  and  plants  in  order 
that  the  originator  may  derive  more  bene¬ 
fit  from  his  production.  This  may  bo 
quite  correct  from  the  iirodiicers  stand¬ 
point,  but  it  seems  to  us  that  the  pur¬ 
chaser  very  frequently  ueeda  more  pro¬ 
tection  in  order  to  iircvent  being  swindled, 
when  buying  new  and  untried  sorts.  Per¬ 
haps  the  tAV’o  might  be  combined,  and  tho 
originator  be  compollod  to  submit  bis 
productions  to  ngid  trial  before  disposing 
of  any  stock  and  tlift  putilic  warned  against 
purcinising  ncAV  plants  until  they  had 
received  the  endorsements  of  commission¬ 
ers  appointed  to  inA'estigate  and  report 
upon  the  same. 
- M-* - 
Small  Fruits  at  tho  Ccntoimial. 
— From  Avhat  we  can  gather  out  of  the  re¬ 
ports  made  by  tbe  committee  appointed 
to  examine  the  fruits  shoAATi  at  the  Cen¬ 
tennial,  the  exhibit  is  very  mean  indeed 
and  wouhl  not  be  creditable  to  a  country 
town.  The  shoAv  of  small  fruits,  such  as 
straAvberries  and  raspberries,  seems  to 
have  been  confined  to  a  few  new  seedlings, 
of  no  especial  merit,  in  fact  a  greater 
variety  and  a  better  show  c-an  bo  seen 
almost  any  day  in  the  market  stalls  of  our 
larger  cities  and  villages.  YVliy  this 
neglect  of  the  Great  Oentcmiial  by  our 
fruit  growers  is  something  we  do  not 
pretend  to  understand,  but  the  fact  is 
painfully  apiiarent. 
“1‘olitical  Outies.” — An  esteemed 
correspondent  takes  exception  to  our 
leader  of  last  wetik  on  the  above  named 
subject,  and  us  we  believe  in  giving  both 
sides  of  all  questions  of  importance,  his 
very  able  reply  avIH  be  found  on  page  72. 
It  18  howCA’cr,  but  fair  Lj  stale  there  is 
really  no  difference  of  opinion  between 
ourselves  and  L.  A,  R,  the  point  taken 
is  mainly  iu  tho  manner  of  expressing  it. 
- - 
RURAL  BREVITIES. 
The  Bpicy  letter  of  our  Centennial  (Kirrespond- 
ent  “Shobthobn,"  came  too  late  to  appear  in 
full  tliirt  week  but  tho  romaindor  will  be  given 
next  Aveek.  ivith  Bonie  additional  interesting 
matter  on  iJie  Banie  subject. 
A  NEAv  and  heretofore  unknown  nest  is  re¬ 
ported  t.o  have  appeared  amouK  the  orange 
groves  of  Semthorn  OslJfornia.  It  is  RUpposed 
to  be  a  spoeiCH  of  plant  lice,  and  attacks  the 
roots,  causing  the  death  of  the  tree. 
The  ‘‘Wheat-head  Army  WVirra"  Zencaata. 
aUjilirica  is  said  to  bo  quite  plentiful  in  some 
parts  of  Kauhas  and  doing  conbiderahlo  injmy  to 
wheat.  It  attacks  the  heads  of  Avheat  and  lye, 
eiiting  out  tho  soft  kernels  leaving  the  chaff 
empty. 
The  physiologists  Lave  at  last  come  to  the 
conclusion  that  long  life  in  man  is  not  the  result 
of  any  iiarticular  care  which  ijerions  take  of 
Uieniselves  but  it  is  hereditary,  the  deceudents 
of  JiEi'uusKLAn  standing  far  tlie  best  chance  for 
a  long  lime. 
Colton  &  Co.,  172  William  St.,  New  York, 
liave  juflt  issued  a  tine  of  Turkey,  which 
Avill  bo  of  great  service  b)  those  desiring  to  read 
undcrstaiiuingly  the  accoimts  of  the  war  now 
going  on.  They  will  send  copies  hy  mail  on  re¬ 
ceipt  of  twenty-five  cents. 
Nothino  gives  us  greater  pleasm-e  than  to 
chronicle  tho  enterprise  and  good  judgement  of 
a  contemporary.  'I'lio  IUnBtr.ated  Weekly,  July 
15,  gives  a  taste  of  this  quality  that  should  be  a 
cause  of  just  pride  to  proofreader  and  publisher, 
not  to  mention  tho  artist  who  (y/ni/tosett  the  lec¬ 
tures.  Foj'  instance  on  tho  fipHt  page  is  a  por¬ 
trait  of  “  The  lute  Drigadeir  General  G.  A. 
CnsTEH.”  Avbile  the  biograiihical  notice  tells 
about  the  achievements  of  “  Major  General 
Ct/’BTKB.”  On  tho  last  page  is  a  spirited  picture 
of  ’*  Y'achts  off  the  Long  Island  Coast  iu  a 
Hquall.”  The  yachts  are  a!l  of  tho  English 
Cutter  model,  of  whicli  avo  have  but  one  examine 
in  our  whole  fleet,  and  Ju  tratisferniig  an<l  ada.pt- 
iug  tbe  jiioliue  from  an  English  iieriodical,  the 
artist  has  omitted  to  haul  down  the  English  flag 
j  and  substitute  American  colors  in  their  stead, 
j  With  these  trifling  exceptions  the  picture  is  as 
]  perfect  as  if  drawn  by  a  special  artist  on  ihe 
I  spot.  Again  wo  say  such  intelligent  enterprise 
1  is  beyond  the  power  of  words  to  praise. 
BUSINESS  NOTICES. 
IltJNDKEXis  Of  testlnionluls,  from  all  sections  where 
the  “Pbmnix”  brand  Pure  W^bite  Lead  has 
been  sold,  certify  to  Us  great  superiority  over  all 
other  paints. 
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