I 
. 
( 
I' 
'I 
't;!  '••I'f 
‘./>y IV 
fcaUi  I  li 
3  Nil  IllfPI  I  •»* 
CONVENIENT  COTTAGES. 
While  we  <lo  not  go  ho  far  UH  the  author  of  a 
certain  book  on  agriculture  aa  Ui  aaHert  that  “  a 
man  is  known  by  the  house  lio  livoa  in,  atill 
it  is  our  belief  that  there  is  a  MmdhitKj  in  a 
residence  wliich  gives  an  inkling  of  the  tastes 
and  Bocial  standing  of  Uio  owner. 
The  cottage  shown  in  the  Illustrations  on  this 
page  will  be  found  to  contain  a  very  convenient¬ 
ly-arranged  plan  of  rooiTis  adapted  to  tlie  use  ol 
a  moderate-sized  family.  However  doubtful  may 
be  the  propriid.y  of  the  use  of  thii  French  root  in 
the  city,  there  is  no  doubt  that  it  offers  some 
splendid  points  of  litnessfor  country  or  sub¬ 
urban  houses  In  our  climate.  Supposing  the 
sides  to  be  built  in  the  usual  way  of  setting  ^ 
up  such  roofs  and  a  propc.r  space  to  bo  al- 
lowed  betwocn  the  roofing  and  the  ceiling  of  _J 
the  upper  story,  large  air  spacoa  are  secured ,  ^ 
which  are  of  great  vahm  in  avoiding,  in  ^ 
the  rooms  iiielosod  by  tlic  roof,  those  ex-  ^ 
tremoH  of  heat  and  cold  which  f»)rm  so  disa- 
grteahle  a  feature  of  uur  climate.  The  uso  | 
of  some  one  of  the  various  forms  which  the  ^ 
French  roof  as.wumcs  anmng  ns  also  fnruish-  ; 
08  one  of  the  readiest  means  of  onmi.iCnt-  ^ 
ing  the  construction  of  dwellings.  Perhaps  ^  ^ 
there  is  no  other  f<'alure  in  which  so  great  a  *  ^ 
vaiiety  of  design  may  he  so  easily  attained  j 
au  in  the  dormer  window ;  and  the  outline  of  3 
the  roof  itself  is  also  capable  of  many  modi-  ^2 
fleations.  It  is  imiiossible  to  give  any  gen-  -g 
oral  rule  for  comparing  the  cost  of  such  ^ 
roofs  wiOi  that  of  the  Italian  roof,  as  much 
depends  upon  the  number  and  stvlo  of  the 
CHAMBEFf 
10  X  10 ’b 
CHAMBER 
W  X  10 '6 
HALL 
VOIi.  XXXIV.  No.  7. 
\VIIOL.K  No.  13S5. 
__  NEW  YORK  CITY.  AII(!^I“M876. _ _ 
[Kntered  accordirnt  to  Act  of  Conurcsv,  In  the  year  187H.  bj  iho  Rural  f'vbllahlna  Company,  in  the  oraoe  of  the  Librarian  of  ConKreaa  at  WaablnKton.i 
iPHICK  CENTS. 
I  PER  VEAR. 
‘liu'itl  SliTlntctturt, 
those  changes  which,  for  a  compoi’aMvely  small 
additional  sum,  would  never  have  bee*  needed. 
tW)  sanitary  condition  of  the  community.  But  a 
house  is  a  rather  variable  Unit  to  commence 
“  A  penny  wise  and  a  pound  foolish  ”  is  tte  adage  j  with,  for,  as  the  English  digest  puts  it,  “the 
dormers,  nut  11  is  nsunny  sonioi.uiuii  xuuic 
than  the  cost  of  the  same  bight  of  vertical  Convenient  CoTfAOE  ;  Cos' 
wall.  Tlio  cottage  roprosonUal  in  our  de- 
Hi“n  should  be  set  with  the  principal  entrance  I  which  is  peculiarly  suited  to  low-priced  dwellings 
Tiikee  Tiiousanu  UoLLAns. 
facing  the  east,  in  which  case  all  the  rooms 
would  at  some  time  dunng  the  day  receive  the 
Bimlight. 
The  floor  plans,  tliongh  presenting  nolhing 
specially  novel,  are  believed  to  afford  good  ac¬ 
commodations  -  in  fact,  more  tiian  are  to  bo 
found  in  houses  of  a  more  flashy  style  of  archi- 
tectui'e.  The  principal  floor  of  this  design  is 
elevated  throe  feet  above  the  surface  of  the 
ground,  and  is  approached  by  the  front  steps 
leading  to  the 
iflatfonn.  The 
hight  of  the  first  _ - 
floor  is  11  feet,  ^ 
the  second  is  10 
feet,  and  the  cel-  B  ^ 
lar  6  feet,  in  the  |  KITCHEN  3 
deal-.  The  porch  |  IOXIZ'6 
is  BO  constructed  1  _ 
that  it  can  be  put  B 
upon  either  side  i  f  | _ j,  J 
of  the  house,  as  a  ZII 
may  suit  the  own-  ^  1,^1 
er.  The  cottage  B  — 
can  be  built  in  a  p  DINING  ROOM  - 
substantial  man-  B  12  X  12  — 
ner,  with  cellar  I 
throughout,  for  I  — 
about  ifS.OOO.  I  A 
In  the  planning  j  _  0 
of  low-priced  2^- ^ 
houses,  every  1 
consideration  is  _ 
too  often  made 
8econdai7  to  the 
cost,  and  those 
very  features 
which  render  homes  atoactlve,  healthful  and 
delightful  are  so  far  lost  sight  of  that  their  im¬ 
portance  is  never  rightly  estimated  until  the 
house  is  occupied  and  it  is  too  late  to  think  of 
of  the  proseut  time.  Eet  us  hope  that  readers 
of  the  ItL’KAi/  wlio  contemplate  building  will  bear 
the  ailagu  in  mind,  and  leave  nothing  nudone  that 
may  be  cause  fur  after  regrets. 
- ♦♦♦— - 
NUMBEK  OF  FAMILIES  AND  DWELLINGS, 
In  the  oflicial  English  digest  of  the  census  of 
1871  there  arc  materials  for  making  a  comparison 
of  some  imi)orlant  features  in  the  social  statis- 
ordinary  house  varies  in  siEO  and  structure  in 
town  and  country-  -in  its  cubical  contents,  in  its 
hearths,  in  its  doors,  and  in  its  windows  ;  so  that, 
to  give  a  correct  view  of  the  ocoommodation 
which  houses  afford  the  population,  a  special  in- 
cpijry  is  indispcnsablo."  It  is  only,  therefore, 
with  certain  qualifications  duo  to  varieties  of 
structure  that  a  fivir  comparison  oan  bo  made 
between  tlie  relative  proportions  of  population 
and  inhabited  houses  In  different  countries,  or 
in  different  parts  of  the  same  country. 
was  adopted  hero.  Apart  from  the  veiy  decided 
differences  existing  between  the  town  architec¬ 
ture  of  the  two  countries— differences  which  tell 
unfavorably  against  the  United  States  it  may 
fairly  bo  concluded  that  whichever  country  has 
the  amallesl  proportion  of  people  in  e-fb  dwell¬ 
ing  has,  so  far,  a  Bauilj»'7  ““d  moral  advantage 
over  tho  other.  In  both  countries  the  growth  of 
wealth  and  intelligence  has,  at  each  succeeding 
census,  found  ono  of  Its  most  couviiicing  proofs 
tho  diiiiinishiug  proportion  of  persons  to 
Jionsos.  Tlie  English  census  of  181'1  showed 
that  there  was  an  average  of  6.15  persons  to  every 
iwelling  in  the  country,  wliUo  tho  census  of  1871 
liiowB  that  tho  proportion  has  in  sixty  years  been 
ri^hiccd  to  1 .08  persona  to  each  dwelling.  In  1860 
th^  ceiiHUS  enunievators  of  tho  United  States 
foiV.d  a  proportion  of  5.01  free  persons  to  euoh 
dwelling,  while  in  1870,  despite  the  addition 
of  the  former  slaves  to  tlie  enumeration, 
there  were  but  .5.47  persons  to  a  dwelling. 
T'ho  oftioittl  digest  from  which  wo  have 
Rioted  affords  some  instructive  data  for 
cisraparing  tho  relative  density  of  tho  popu¬ 
lation  of  London  and  that  of  Now  York.  As 
ha»  been  frequently  iminted  out  in  these 
eohnmiH,  tho  ovor-evowdod  condition  of  the 
dwellings  on  this  island  is  without  prece¬ 
dent  in  tliis  or  any  other  emintry.  There 
are  in  New  York  11.72  persons  to  each 
ilwellmg.  The  American  cities  which  come 
ucaro--.*  to  Uiis  figiuo  aro  tho  following : 
Fall  Tavor,  Mass.,  9.i)l>;  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
S.81;  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  8.(;4 ;  Lawrence, 
Mass.,  110;  .Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  8.37;  and 
Worcesb  r,  Mass.,  8.35. 
Ill  tlsi  British  metropolis  there  are  417,- 
7fi7  inliUjited  lionse.s  to  a  population  of 
3,251,200,  being  in  tho  proportion  of  7.79 
persons  tk  each  dwelling.  With  an  average 
density  of  jiopulatioii  which  is  exceeded  by 
iilne  large  cities  of  this  Union,  Loudon  has 
no  aepurato  districts  where  the  poor  are 
J  huddled  into  so  small  a  compass  as  they  are  in 
I  several  of  the  wards  of  Now  York  City.  There 
are  six  wards  <n  it  in  which  there  are  upward  of 
i  twenty  persons  to  each  dwelling. 
SITTING  ROOM 
12  X  15 
n 
OOM  1- 
i  ^  _ Tm 
T  lie 
DINING  ROOM 
12  X  12 
u  U-  -  -F\i 
PARLOR 
IS  X  16 
HALL 
Fibst  Floob. 
tics  of  Groat  Bx’itain  and  the  United  States. 
The  relation  between  population  and  the  num¬ 
ber  of  inhabited  houses  in  any  given  locality  has 
always  been  held  to  have  a  direct  bearing  upon 
Second  Floob. 
The  English  census  enumerators  were  Instruot- 
ed  to  class  as  a  “  house  ”  all  the  space  comprised 
within  the  external  and  party  walls  of  eveiy 
separate  building,  and  precisely  the  same  method 
THE  ■WASH-HOUSE, 
Fob  the  benefit  of  our  friends  building  farm 
houses,  in  which  comfort  aud  convenience  are 
desirable  to  the  “  help,”  as  well  as  general  clean¬ 
liness  to  the  household,  we  give  the  following 
obser  vaLions  0  f 
tho  late  Mr.  Lon- 
DON,  taken  from 
liii  his  Encyclopradia 
i'ij  of  Architecture : 
UBEH  11  “The  wash 
'  IQ  9 1  X  house  should  be 
a!  yf  well  lighted ;  and 
e  I  therefore,  when 
|  v  I  united  with  other 
^ 1  should, 
U,  I  if  practicable,  be 
a.l|l|  O  made  a  corner 
I  building,  and 
^BEH  ;;|  have  windows  on 
i|  two  sides.  lu¬ 
ll  stead  of  portable 
\  round  tubs,  which 
are  the  most  con¬ 
venient  of  all  the 
1  _  ,  .  q  forms  that  could 
PI  be  devised  for 
^ '  washing  by  hand, 
_  _  oblong  troughs, 
about  throe  feet 
in  length,  eight¬ 
een  inches  wide 
at  the  top,  one  foot  wide  at  bottom  and  eighteen 
inches  deep,  should  be  fixed  round  the  two  lighted 
sides  ot  the  room.  Each  trough  should  have  a 
hole  and  stopper  La  the  bottom,  and  close  under 
