9 
iV}OOH£’S  RURAL  NEW-YORKER. 
Batrir  §iisl)aniiru. 
ENGLISH  AND  AMERICAN  CHEESE 
DAIRYING. 
Rkferexce  lias  horetoforo  b«eii  made  in  these 
columus  to  the  growing  diversion  of  the  milk 
product  of  Great  Britain  toward  direct  consurajv- 
tiou,  rather  than  to  Uio  manufacture  of  butter 
and  cheese.  It  is  stated  on  gootl  authority  that 
since  the  plan  of  conveying  fresh  intlk  to  towns 
and  cities  by  railway,  i.nd  especially  since  there 
has  been  more  knowledge  diHsemlnated  in  re¬ 
gard  lo  the  preservation  of  milk  ilnring  its  tr.’insit 
and  delivery  to  consumers,  there  has  been  a 
largo  inoreaso  in  (he  trade,  and  the  result  is  that 
the  cheese  and  butter  dairies  of  the  country 
have  been  encroached  upon  to  moot  the  increased 
demands  of  fresh  milk  consumption.  Again, 
the  increase  of  population  in  Groat  Britain  is 
another  olomont  that  has  drawn  largely,  and 
must  continue  to  do  so,  upon  the  milk  supply  of 
the  country. 
The  furnishing  of  fresh  milk  for  city  con¬ 
sumption  is  more  profltablo  tei  dairy  farmers 
than  to  manufacture  it  into  butter  and  choose. 
The  transition,  then,  from  the  latter  to  tho  for¬ 
mer  is  more  easily  brought  about  so  far  as  tho 
dairyman  is  concerne.fi,  since  ho  will  naturally 
seek  those  clmimels  for  his  product  which  yield 
tho  most  pirolit.  Tho  (piestion  which  is  now 
agitating  tlie  dairy  industry  of  England  is  a  hot¬ 
ter  method  of  preserving  milk  and  in  regulating 
tho  milk  trade,  from  tinio  to  time,  so  that  there 
shall  be  little  or  no  surplus  milk  on  the  tnarket ; 
and  to  avoid  losses  on  this  account  factories  at 
tlio  railway  depots  where  farmers  deliver  their 
milk  arc  suggostofL  On  this  plan  Gie  fpiantity 
of  milk  needed  from  day  to  day  m  tho  differout 
milk  walks  of  tho  city  is  telegraphed  to  the  re¬ 
spective  factories  furnishing  said  walks,  and  this 
prevents  tho  transit  of  surphus  milk,  leaving  it 
to  bo  converted  into  butter  and  chfoso  at  Ujo 
factory.  By  tho  free  establishment  of  such  fac¬ 
tories  at  coiivcniont  points  along  the  railways,  it 
is  believed  the  consumption  of  milk  in  cities  and 
largo  towns  will  bo  pi-omotcd,  because  a  regular 
and  unlimited  supply  can  then  bo  had.  Any¬ 
thing  likely  to  affect  tho  quantity  of  butter  and 
cheese  made  in  Britain  must  bo  of  Interest  to 
American  dairymen,  because  her  main  depen¬ 
dence  for  cheese  is  upon  America. 
Wc  have  before  us  an  abstract  of  the  oflicial 
rctnrns  showing  tiro  number  of  cows  and  heifers 
in  milk  in  (treat  Britain  for  tho  years  1874  and 
1875,  rcsj)eetivcly.  From  these  returns  it  ap¬ 
pears  that  there  has  been  a  decrease  of  milch 
stock  in  tho  Isingiiom  from  1&71  to  1875  of  fifty 
thousand  cows.  The  number  of  cows  and  heif¬ 
ers  in  milk  in  Great  Britain  in  1874  was  2,‘J73,- 
7‘J7.  In  1875  there  were  only  2,223,241.  Gf  Oils 
number  England  had  in  1875  but  1,, 51)5, 290  | 
Scotland,  39(5,833  ;  Wales,  201,082. 
Wo  have  no  statistics  at  bund  showing  tho 
percentage  of  tho  milk  product  used  directly  as 
food  in  Great  Britain.  In  1870  it  was  estimated 
tliat  41  per  cent,  of  tho  entire  millc  crop  of  the 
United  States  was  use«l  directly  as  food.  Tho 
nnmher  of  milch  cows  then  in  the  United  States 
was  about  11,000,000,  or  nearly  five  times  the 
number  at  prosen  I  in  Groat  Britain.  In  1870 
the  population  in  England  and  Hcotland  was  ujv- 
ward  of  25,300,000  Souls,  and  to-day  it  is  32,000,- 
000  in  the  United  Kingdom.  It  is  evident,  there¬ 
fore,  if  milk  was  used  as  freely  in  Britain  a.s  it  is 
in  the  United  Statc.s,  a  very  largo  share  of  tho 
milk  product  would  be  consumed  as  food.  Hence 
wc  are  inclined  to  the  opinion  that  tlic  views  ex¬ 
pressed  by  persons  in  England  who  are  famihar 
with  the  milk  trade,  that  cheese  dairying  must 
gradually  decrease  in  that  country,  is  not  with¬ 
out  fouudation  ;  and  this  must  ho  more  apparent 
when  we  consider  tho  low  price  at  which  Ameri¬ 
can  cheese  has  been  placed  before  tt»o  British 
consumer.  The  Euglish  dairyman  finds  cheese- 
making  by  far  the  least  romuneiRUvo  of  any 
branch  of  the  dauy.  Hidcod,  it  is  only  by  making 
the  high-privfd  elicose  that  ho  is  able  to  got  any¬ 
thing  hire  fair  returns  for  his  capital  and  labor. 
A  correspondent  from  one  of  the  best  dairy  dis- 
ti-icts  of  England,  in  a  letter  mider  date  of  Aug. 
8,  says : 
“  Cheese  is  much  lower  than  last  year— say  3 
cent.s  per  pound.  Low  qualities  are  scarcely 
salable  at  any  price.  Farm  dairy  cheese  is  aver¬ 
aging  about  60  shillings  per  cwt.,  wliile  some  of 
it  is  as  low  as  SOs.  English  factory  cheese  is 
fetching  60  to  72  shillings  per  cwt.  American 
cheese  of  fine  quality  can  be  bought  at  45  siul- 
liugs,  aud  tho  finest  at  47  shillings,  in  this  coun¬ 
ty.  Beef  and  mutton  are  the  only  agricultural 
products  that  keep  up  in  price.  They  are  from 
8  to  11  pence  per  pound  (16  to  22  cents).  Wool 
is  vorj’  low— say  35  shillings  for  mixed  lots.  I 
know  a  farmer  who  has  several  years’  wool  on 
hand,  for  one  of  which  he  once  had  62  shillings 
offered.” 
He  remarks  further  : 
“Euglish  farmers  are  becoming  desperate. 
On  one  nobleman’s  estate  they  are  ghiug  up  the 
farm.s  wholesale  anil  are  emigrating,  bocauso  tho 
landloi'd  wonUl  not  reduce  tlio  rent.  If  things 
go  on  this  way  much  longer,  the  iirioo  of  land 
will  bo  seriously  aiVooted.  I  am  afraid  wo  are 
holplGBsly  drifting  i«lo  ono  of  Uio  mo.st  serions 
crij50s  Englisli  agrioultnro  lia.s  known  for  a  long 
time.  What  the  end  will  bo  no  man  can  tell, 
and  it  is  painful  to  speculate  on  it.  At  present 
there  is  no  silver  lining  to  tbo  cloud  discernible." 
This  state  of  things,  it  seems  to  ns,  must  have 
an  imtKutant  bearing  on  tho  choose  trade  of 
America.  The  gradual  abnndomnent  of  chee.so 
dairying ;  tho  high  price  of  meats,  which  must 
have  a  teiulency  to  promote  a  lai’ger  conmiinp- 
tion  of  ohecso,  tlio  cheaper  animal  food,  cheese, 
being  u!!chI  instead  of  moat  by  the  working  class¬ 
es — all  tbesemust  indicate  a  larger  demand  from 
Britain  for  Amorienn  chcoso,  while  at  tho  same 
time  tliey  promise  a  permanent  trade  in  dairy 
produce  for  us,  thus  giving  a  sure  outlet  for  all 
surplus  likely  to  bo  mado  in  this  country  for 
yo.arH  to  come.  American  dairymen  have  had 
serious  fears  in  regard  to  tho  over-production  of 
chocflo;  hut  we  have  always  fouud  a  market  in 
England  for  our  surplus,  aud  generally  at  very 
steady  prices. 
Some  anxiety  has  been  expressed  by  American 
dairymen  in  regard  to  the  future  of  our  cheese 
industry,  aud  especially  has  this  boon  tho  case 
during  the  present  year,  when  eheeso  has  ruled 
at  comparatively  low  prices.  Wo  have  deemed 
it,  therefore,  of  some  importauco  to  place  before 
our  dau’ymon  tbo  foregoing  facts  and  arguments, 
believing,  as  wo  do,  Uiat  there  is  uo  branch  of 
farinuig  that  promiHoa  mote  penuancnco  aud 
that  is  liable  to  loss  fluctuaUou  in  prices  than  tho 
ilairy  and  its  products.  We  have  referred  only 
to  the  foreign  demand,  bnt  muoh  can  bo  said  in 
favor  of  oiir  position  when  the  needs  of  our 
homo  eoriHumption  are  taken  into  account.  As 
our  population  incroasos,  larger  and  larger  ilrafts 
are  made  from  year  to  year  for  fresh  milk  for 
city  and  village  consumption,  while  tlie  deinaud 
for  butter  is  so  enormous  that  it  keeps  the  rapid 
increase  of  eliccso  dairying  within  due  bounds. 
Of  course  it  must  not  bo  exfiected  that  tlm  liigh 
rates  of  a  ninnber  of  years  past  can  be  bad,  but 
we  may  conlidetitly  look  to  no  loivcr  prices  than 
those  which  ruled  before  tho  war,  and  our  dairy 
industry  was  then  quite  as  prosperous  as  any 
branch  of  farming. 
- - — 
THE  GREAT  DAIRY  SHOW  AT  FROME, 
ENGLAND. 
Tiikiik  is  to  bo  a  grand  Exhibition  of  Ghooso 
and  Butter  at  Fromo,  iu  Homersetshire,  Eug. ,  on 
Sept.  27.  Tho  >Show  will  bo  held  imder  tlio  ana- 
pices  of  tho  Fromo  District  Agricultural  Society. 
Tho  Dairy  Shows  in  Somorsetshiro  have  attained 
a  wide  reputation  in  Great  Britain  as  among  the 
best  iu  the  kingdom.  Somersetshire  is  the 
county  where  tho  famous  cheddar  cheese  origin¬ 
ated,  and  wliicJi  for  years  past  has  furnished  Uio 
Euglish  markets  with  some  of  tho  highest  priced 
cheese  of  ErjgU.sh  make.  To  take  a  prl/.e  at  tho 
Fromo  Show  Is  deemed  a  groat  honor  by  dairy¬ 
men  aud  ebeeso  -  rnakws,  and  a  prize  means 
something  beyond  tho  gold  that  is  awarded,  be¬ 
cause  the  Judges  who  make  the  awards  aro 
clioseii  from  among  tho  most  noted  experts  in 
England,  Their  decision,  therefore,  carries 
weight  with  it,  aud  to  receive  a  prize  at  Fromo 
canics  a  reputation  to  tho  dairy  in  all  tho  mar¬ 
kets  of  England.  They  do  things  differently  in 
the  mother  country  from  what  Is  often  the  prac¬ 
tice  hero  in  onr  agricultural  BJiowa.  in  England 
tho  .Tndgos  aro  sc'lected  in  rererenec  to  their 
thorough  knowledge  and  ability  to  judge  of  tho 
merits  of  articles  coming  under  their  notice,  aud 
they  command  the  confidence  of  tho  agiicultural 
community.  In  tliis  country  a  knowledge  of  tho 
matter  to  be  adjudicated  Is  often  considered  of 
little  moment,  and  tho  spectacle  at  our  great 
Centennial  Exhibition  in  regard  to  this  matter, 
in  some  of  tho  doparlnients,  must  be  a  em  prise 
to  foreign  exliibitors  and  sliouldbe  a  humiliation 
th  us.  The  Country  Gentleman,  iu  criticising 
one  of  the  depart  meuts  at  our  (“eutoimial  Ex¬ 
hibition,  very  aptly  remarks  as  follows  : 
“Oriiamoutal  Judges  at  @1,000  each,  with 
tlirec  experts  for  work,  constltatc  an  an’ange- 
ment  »0  peculiar  to  tho  present  emergency  as  to 
bo  worthy  of  record,  to  say  the  least."  Again,  to 
tho  opinion  expressed  by  a  friend  that  “  instead 
of  scolding  tlie  management,"  wo  should  rather 
“  Kcolil  thoHo  whoso  apatliy  from  tho  first  has 
been  in  sneh  marked  contrast  with  the  earnest¬ 
ness  shown  in  other  departments,”  the  Country 
Gentleman  says:—"  Wo  veuturo  tho  possible 
hypothesis  tliat  tiie  case  might  have  been  differ¬ 
ent  if  the  management  hud  been  such  a.s  to  com¬ 
mand  the  confidenco  of  tbo  agricultural  commu¬ 
nity.  ‘As  yo  sow,  so  shall  ye  also  reap,’  is  a 
maxim  borrowed  from  fanning  by  high  author¬ 
ity  and  continually  verified  in  practice.” 
This,  in  onr  view,  touches  tho  head  of  tho 
matter,  and  I»  a  subject  which  the  managers  of 
ot  her  Shows  than  the  Centennial  can  well  con¬ 
sider  with  advanlago,  because  tho  awards  as 
now  given  often  mean  nothing,  except  it  bo  a 
clover  deceit  to  nuslead,  which  is  quite  w'ell  im- 
dorstoed  by  some  of  tho  parlies  interested,  to 
say  tho  least. 
Tho  money  prizes  offered  at  the  Fromo  Show 
amount  to  nearly  £200  sterling,  or  @1,000  iu 
gold,  exclusive  of  the  sweepstakes,  open  to  all 
the  world,  in  which  tho  cxluliition  of  tho  best 
four  cheeses  of  any  make  or  size  takes  tw'o- 
tbirds  and  tho  soooml  one-third  of  tho  swoei)- 
stakos,  tho  Hocioty  giving  lialf  tbo  amount  of  the 
sscond  prize  to  tJio  third  liost.  If  somo  of  our 
Anioricau  factories  could  malto  an  oxliibit  at 
Froiiie  and  bo  so  fortimato  as  to  take  a  prize,  it 
would  bo  a  great  triumph  for  American  dairying 
and  of  very  groat  advantage  to  tho  factory,  giving 
it  aropntalion  which  would  bo  wortli  in  the  fu¬ 
ture  something  more  sub.stantial  than  tho  more 
premium  awarded. 
THE  DROUGHT  AND  THE  FALL  MAKE 
OF  CHEESE. 
It  is  a  long  time  since  tho  dairy  indu-stry  of 
New  York  ha.s  siifforod  so  severely  from  drought 
as  during  tho  present  year.  Fastmago  is  scanty 
in  all  directioiiH.  The  meadows  afford  little  or 
no  after-feed,  and  lo  add  further  to  tho  trouble, 
water  on  many  fanns  has  failed,  or  is  in  such 
small  quantities  tliat  stock  does  not  got  a  full 
supply.  In  many  instances  cows  are  dinven  long 
distances  to  water,  or  teams  aro  employed  to 
haul  water  for  tho  herds.  Many  farmers  wlio 
have  neglected  to  iirovido  sowed  com  or  sonic 
other  forage  crop  havo  boon  obliged  to  feed  hay 
and  grain  to  keep  their  animals  from  starving. 
Lbuler  tliis  conditton  of  Uiings,  it  must  be  evi¬ 
dent  that  tho  milk  product  Is  much  below  tbo 
average  of  other  soasons,  and  it  is  estimated  by 
good  judges  that  tho  cheese  crop  of  the  State 
will  fall  below  tbo  average  of  other  years  from  a 
quarter  to  a  third  of  tho  entire  quantity  pro¬ 
duced. 
Oiu-  advices  from  England  aro  that  drought 
lias  been  pievailhig  there  and  is  more  severe 
than  has  occurred  at  any  time  during  tho  last 
twenty  years,  and  of  eoiirso  the  average  yield  of 
milk  must  bo  loss  than  iu  other  years.  In  view 
of  llieso  conditions,  it  is  confidently  bolioved  by 
tboMc  fiiost  competent  to  judge  Ibat  Uic  price  of 
dairy  products  must  adv.anoo  on  the  fall  make 
both  of  butter  and  cheese.  With  tho  sliipmcnt 
of  cheese  up  to  Aug.  30,  tho  hot  weather  or 
“  off-llavorcd  ”  stuff  will  ho  mostly  disposed  of 
and  factories  will  be  in  condition  to  hold  tlieh’ 
goods  during  tho  cooler  weather  without  detri¬ 
ment.  Our  Hoptombor  and  early  October  chcoso 
has  been  always  of  finer  quality  than  that  made 
earlier  In  (ho  season,  aud  it  is  always  sought 
after  by  sbippers  aud  merchants  when  making 
up  their  winter  stocks.  Honco  there  is  every 
reason  to  believe  that  higher  rates  must  be  paid 
than  for  tbo  summer  cheese,  or  tho  factories 
will  refuse  to  sbiii  freely,  at  least  of  their  finest 
goods. 
I'lio  excessively  hot  weather  has  very  clearly 
sliown  tho  iicecHHity  of  hotter  curing  rooms — 
rooms  HO  constructed  that  tho  temperpliiro  can 
bo  controlled  and  not  allowed  to  go  above  70  ’ 
Fahrenheit.  TJioro  has  been  a  largo  amount  of 
over-bealed  cheese  which,  ou  aoooiint  of  its  do- 
fectlve  flavor,  could  not  bo  sold  at  full  iirioos. 
Tho  most  of  this  cheese  has  now  gone  forward, 
and  the  make  from  this  time  out,  or  until  the 
November  frosts  send  tbo  herds  into  winter 
quarters,  will  bo  of  flno  quality,  and  must  bo 
sharply  sought  after  both  at  home  and  abroad. 
The  tendency,  then,  of  the  market  is  upward  for 
all  llrst-class  chcoso,  though  we  can  hardly  ex¬ 
pect  the  advance  will  reach  tho  prices  of  last 
ANOTHER  NEW  FORAGE  PLANT. 
It  is  hoped  that  among  all  tho  new  forage 
plants  talked  about  of  late,  that  some  of  them 
will  prove  of  value.  Here  is  ono  which  is  said 
to  betaking  precedence  of  all  others  in  Nortberu 
Georgia,  at  least  so  says  tbo  Eufaula  Nows. 
During  the  session  of  tho  Agricultur.al  Con¬ 
vention  at  Gainesville,  wo  mado  tho  ploasanl  ao- 
qu.Tiutance  of  Mr.  S.  W.  Brooks,  a  delegate  from 
Brooks  county.  Ho  carried  to  tho  Convontion 
samples  of  a  forage  plant  which  is  now  oxten- 
sively  cultivateil  in  Broolis  and  some  of  tho  ad¬ 
joining  counties  of  Georgia  and  Florida,  and 
which  is  now  in  great  esteem  there  for  its  valu¬ 
able  properties.  He  calls  it  “Indian  Clover,"  or 
“  Beggar  Weed.”  H  boars  a  resemblance  to  tho 
plant  which  \ve  call  “Beggar’s  Lice,”  and  pro¬ 
duces  an  adhesive  seed  very  similar  to  that  weed. 
But  as  it  is  ciit  for  forage  when  in  bloom  and 
before  the  seed  hardens  there  ia  no  trouble  on 
this  score.  The  seed  is  sown  in  drills,  about  as 
tluck  as  cotton  secal,  though  tho  drills  are  only 
two  feet  apart.  The  plant  grows  to  tho  Light 
of  four  and  even  five  or  six  feet,  and  has  a  bushy 
top  fuU  of  leaves  very  much  rosembllcg  the 
foliage  of  the  field  pea.  They  arc  evidently  fully 
as  palatable  and  nutritious  as  tho  pea  leaves, 
and  do  not  fall  off  like  tho  latter.  *  To  tlio  Imman 
taste,  tho  diioil  leaf  Is  sweet,  agreeable  aud  suc- 
culont,  and  its  fragranoo  is  ns  pleasant  as  that  of 
clover.  Mr.  Brookw  says  that  when  this  proven¬ 
der  is  put  in  a  trough  with  other  kiud.s,  tho 
mules  will  push  tho  oats  ami  fodder  out  of  tho 
way  to  gel  at  tho  “Beggar  Weed.”  For  milch 
cows  it  is  especially  valuable,  t>eing  rich  and  juicy 
and  eagerly  devoured  by  them. 
The  yield  of  tliis  plant  is  very  grou  t.  It  may 
be  cut  three  times  in  a  season,  growing  up  ro- 
peatndly  from  tho  old  stumps,  amt  yields  many 
hundreds  of  pouiuis  to  tho  aero.  U’lio  samples 
which  Mr.  Brooks  carried  to  Gainsvillo  ivcro  of 
the  second  cutting  of  this  year,  and  lie  will  cer¬ 
tainly  got  ono  and  perhaps  two  more  cuttings. 
It  is  not  a  perenniai,  bnt  tho  seed  must  bo 
planted  each  year.  It  produces  well  on  poor 
lands,  but  of  course  does  bettor  ou  rich  soils. 
Horses,  mulos  and  cattle  will  oat  it  up  clean, 
stalks  and  all,  and  thrive  on  it. 
Wo  havo  in  our  ofiico  a  biuicli  of  this  forage, 
obtaiuod  from  ^fr.  Brooks,  arul  invito  our  farm¬ 
ing  and  other  friond.'i  to  oall  aiul  examine  it  If 
its  appoai’ance,  taste  and  smell  do  not  all  please 
them,  wo  shall  bo  greatly  mistnkeu.  Mr.  Brooks 
authorizes  ns  to  say  that  h6  can  furnish  small 
quantities  of  Urn  seed  to  persons  desiring  and 
ordering  it  -not  cxcocding  enough  to  plant  ono 
acre  to  eacli  applicant.  As  ho  will  havo  to  em¬ 
ploy  hands  to  gather  tlio  SCod,  ho  must  ebargo 
for  them.  His  post-oftico  is  (Quitman,  Brooks 
county.  Wo  boliovo  bo  is  a  merchant  of  (Juit- 
man. 
, - — - - - 
COMMON-SENSE  AND  SCIENCE. 
A  SAILOR,  remarks  Avcbbisliop  >VirATELY,  will, 
[lorliaps  doaxiiso  the  pretensions  of  medical  men, 
and  prefer  treating  a  illsoaso  by  Couuiiou-Senso ; 
but  bo  would  ridicule  the  projiosal  of  navigating 
a  ship  by  Uominon-Sciiso,  without  regard  to  tho 
maxims  of  nautical  art.  A  physician,  again,  will 
perhaps  contemn  Sy.stema  of  Folilical  Economy, 
of  Logic,  or  Metaphysics,  and  insist  on  tlie 
superior  wisdom  of  Uaisting  to  CoinmOu-Seuseiu 
such  matters,-  but  ho  would  never  approve  of 
trusting  to  Gommon-Sonso  in  the  treatment  of 
diseascH.  Noithor.  again,  would  the  arehitect 
recommend  a  roUance  on  Gonimon-Souso  alone, 
hi  buikhng,  nor  tho  Musician,  in  iiiusie,  to  tho 
neglect  of  tho.so  systems  of  rules,  which,  m  tlieir 
ros|)ectivo  arts,  have  been  deduced  from  peicn- 
tifio  reasoning  aided  by  experience.  And  Uio  in¬ 
duction  might  b«  extondfid  to  overy  depiu-tmcnt 
of  pracUco.  Since,  Oicirofore,  each  gives  the 
luofercnco  to  unassisted  Gomruoii-Henso  only  in 
those  cases  whore  ho  himself  has  iiolliing  else  to 
trust  to,  and  invariably  resorts  to  the  rules  of 
art,  wlierevcr  ho  possesses  the  lumwledge  of 
them,  it  is  plaiu  tliat  mankind  iinlverMally  bear 
tiieir  testimony,  though  unconseionsly  and  often 
unwillingly,  to  tho  preferableness  of  systematic 
knowledge  to  conjectural  judgments. 
There  is  uo  class  of  individuals  that  display 
i^iore  respect  for  science  iu  every  species  of 
industry  except  their  own  than  farmers— and  no 
others  seem  to  disdain  tho  application  of  science 
Uj  farmjiig  as  much. 
When  they  can  be  induced  to  beljevo  that  tho 
principles  of  seienco  aro  just  as  applicable  to 
f|iriiiing  as  they  ai'o  to  medicine,  to  Architecture, 
U)  Astronomy  or  Chemistry-  -theu  Agriculture 
may  throw  up  its  hat  iu  joy ! 
■ - 
PASTURING  MEADOWS. 
I  HAVE  several  times  scon  it  stated  in  agricul¬ 
tural  papers,  (aud  I  think  in  yours)  that  mead- 
erwB  should  not  be  jiastiired.  My  experience 
teaches  mo  directly  to  tho  conti-ary. 
On  my  farm  I  have  a  meaxlow  in  which  there 
are  some  trooH  that  I  value,  and  therefore  do  not 
pasture  it.  Ou  tho  opiiosito  side  of  tho  fence 
are  two  other  meadows  of  precisely  the  same 
character  of  soil,  into  which  I  turn  my  cows, 
oxen  and  horstis  as  soon  as  tho  hay  is  taken  off, 
whore  they  remain  until  taken  up  for  tho  winter. 
Ou  these  two  meadows  I  invariably  cut  a 
larger  and  heller  crop  of  hay  than  in  the  one  not 
pastured.  All  tho  moafiows  having  had  tho 
skmo  eulUvation  and  tho  same  manure  when 
cultivated.  Tho  trees  in  the  first  named  mead¬ 
ow  aro  too  few  to  have  any  noticeable  influence 
ontliocrop.  You  say  “ 'Tell  us  your  experience.” 
Here  you  havo  mine.  Y^ourb  truly,  «. 
I - . 
Montana,  ok  Nev.u)a  Rye. — Iu  a  late  issue 
you  ask  any  one  who  has  had  experioiico  with 
Montana  Rye  to  make  it  known.  I  invested  ono 
dollar  in  this  wonderful  grain  that  was  said  to 
produce  (I  think)  a  hundred  or  more  bushels  to 
Uio  acre  and  weigh  much  heavier  than  wheat, 
'itlie  grains  were  very  large  aud  I  thought  I  liad 
mado  a  most  desirable  acqukitiou,  but,  alas  for 
human  hopes!  I  was  doomed  to  a  sad  disappoint- 
mout.  How  the  seed  was  produced  is  a  mystery 
♦o  mo.  I  (Ikl  riot  Hijoceod  in  getting  one  grain. 
To  sum  up,  this  much-vaunted  Ylontana  Bye 
proved,  in  my  dxperienco,  to  bo  even  a  greater 
lUmrbng  than  the  famous  Egyptian  Corn. — G.  A. 
Hayenstbite,  Luzm'ne  Co.,  Pa. 
