perhaps  small  areas  of  molten  fluid.  Who 
knows  but  that  it  may  yet  turn  out  that 
“Old  Sol”  is  not  a  hot  planet,  but  the 
heat  given  off  comes  from  some  luminous 
property  of  the  atmosphere  which  sur¬ 
rounds  the  sun  ?  It  is  really  too  bad  to 
rob  us  of  the  belief  in  a  central  lava  ocean, 
but  we  can  stand  it  without  flinching. 
in  the  eountry,  there  may  be  enough  per¬ 
sons  found  of  one  opiuion  to  make  a  re¬ 
spectable  gathering,  thereby  avoiding  any 
necessity  of  adopting  rules  for  preventing 
a  clash  of  ideas  in  regar«i  to  the  character 
of  entertainment  given  ;  but  in  thinly- 
settled  regions  this  will  seldom  occur,  and 
the  only  w:iy  to  insure  harmony  is  for 
each  and  every  one  to  respect  the  lionest 
cuiivictioiis  of  his  neighbor,  pnjvided  they 
arc  not  in  oj^en  violation  of  both  law  and 
the  ndes  of  resp<!Ctablo  society. 
Now  wo  shall  not  attempt  to  name  the 
kind  of  organization  which  would  be  beat, 
or  wln-ther  atiy  is  neerled  beytuid  the  bare 
announcement  m  a  neighborhood  that  the 
said  neighbors’  old  and  yonng  will  meet 
on  a  ccrhiin  evcniing  for  soidal  recreation 
and  instmetive  amusement.  In  answer 
to  this  call,  let  every  one  go,  and  all  do 
their  best  to  make  the  occasion  one  to  be 
long  remembered.  It  is  not  best.,  in  a 
mixed  cominnuity,  to  make  such  social 
gatherings  all  prayer  meeting  or  all  dan¬ 
cing,  or  all  speech -making  by  the  village 
lawyer  or  minister,  but  vary  the  enter¬ 
tainment  to  suit  the  tasto  of  old  and 
young,  gray  and  sidatc.  A  man  who  can¬ 
not  bend  his  “dignity”  to  roll  a  hoop,  or 
play  marbles  to  jdease  a  child,  had  better 
step  out  of  the  way  and  make  I'oom  for 
more  sensible  men.  Young  persons  want 
amusement,  old  ones  instruction ;  but 
there  is  no  need  of  separating  the  two  on 
this  account  when  6e»fl?iDg  social  recroa- 
PROCRESS  AND  IMPROVEMENT 
find  good  locations  near  the  old  home¬ 
stead,  provided  their  education  has  been 
of  the  right  stamp.  The  farmers’  son  of 
to-day  should,  wth  the  aid  of  all  the 
scientific  discoveries  made  in  agriculture 
during  the  pjist  fifty  years,  be  able  to 
raise  bethir  shxjk,  larger  crops,  and  at  less 
cost  than  his  father  or  grandfather  did 
from  the  same  land  ;  and  if  he  fails  in 
this,  it  shows  that  he  fails  to  ai^prociate 
and  use  the  means  at  his  command.  Prof. 
Mapkh  used  to  say  that  (?very  farmer  iu 
the  older-scttlcd  States  Itad  a  “  new  farm 
under  his  old  one,”  and  all  that  he  need 
do  t(j  find  it  was  to  }mt  the  plow  down  a 
little  deejicr.  This  theory  may  not  hold 
good  in  practice  everywhere,  but  as  every 
farmer  knows  that  a  deej)  rich  soil  is  bet- 
t<!r  than  a  shallow  poor  one,  he  should 
aim  to  secure  the  former  whenever  prac¬ 
ticable. 
In  the  old  and  long-settled  parts  of 
Eui’ope,  where  the  farmers  are  not  looking 
for  some  Promised  Land  when  their  farms 
are  worn  out  by  injudicious  culture,  they 
Ijroduce  better  crops  than  formerly,  !UkI 
there  is  no  gootl  roison  why  the  same 
thing  should  not  l)e  done  in  this  country. 
Of  cours(!,  we  have  no  objection  to  men 
seeliing  a  better  locality  than  the  one  iu 
which  they  now  reside,  whether  it  be  in 
the  East,  West,  North,  or  JSouth  ;  but  the 
idea  that  there  is  a  sj^ot  somewhere. — if  it 
could  only  be  fouml — w 
A  NATIONAL  ILLUSTRATED 
I’lio  Hawaiian  Treaty. — ^I’ormany 
years  certain  speirulators  have  been  en¬ 
deavoring  tti  olitaiu  a  treaty  between  the 
Hawaiian  Gr>vernment  and  our  own,  iu 
order  to  obtain  sugar  frt»m  the  former  free 
of  duty ;  this  having  been  obtained,  a 
capitalist  more  Avide  awake  than  his  com- 
petihtrs,  stepped  in  and  bought  one  half 
the  crop  of  sugar  for  §175,000  and,  of 
course,  will  reaj)  tlie  benefit,  leaving 
others  to  make  the  best  of  the  dilemma  in 
Avliich  he  has  placed  them.  Tlie  produc¬ 
tion  of  these  islands  has,  no  doulit,  been 
overrat(;d,  and  no  one  but  a  few  specu¬ 
lators  are  likely  to  bo  benefited  by  a 
treaty  with  them,  no  matter  iijjon  how 
favorable  terms  it  may  be  obtained. 
Associate  Editor 
ELBERT  8.  CARMAN 
X.  A.  WILLARD,  A.  M.,  Lillie  Falls,  N.  Y,, 
EdITUK  or  THE  DIFAKTUIINT  of  DaIUV  HOBFAFOKy. 
UAItNETT,  I'libliHliiW, 
TERMS  FOR  1877,  IN  ADVANCE, 
INCLUDING  POSTAGE,  WHICH  PUBLISUEItS  PREPAY. 
Sinifle  Copy,  $2.60  per  Year.  To  ClabB Fi  vc  CopioB, 
and  ono  oopy  froo  to  Asent  or  Krltor  up  of  Club,  for 
$11.25;  Seven  Corn-*,  aud  one  free,  for  $bUtt;  Tfu  Cop. 
io*.  and  ouo  freo,  $20— only  $2  per  copy.  Tbc  above 
ratep  tnn/mf.-  poaUt^  (under  the  new  lawi  to  any  part 
of  tbeUntU'd  Staten,  and  the  Amepicnn  poKtaire  on  all 
coplea  njadod  to  CaliAda.  On  paiHira  mailed  to  Kuropu, 
by  pteaiiinr,  tlin  poalOEc  'Vlll  be  hj  oento  extra  for  eae.h 
sutjBcription.  Drntta.  Posl-Ollice  Money  Orders  and 
Rcidstercd  I,etter«  mnv  Is?  mailed  at  our  risk.  t»"  Lib¬ 
eral  Premiums  to  all  Club  AK'ent?  who  do  not  take  free 
copies.  Specimen  Numbers.  Sbo\v-]5UlF,A;c.,Kent  free. 
Sliort-llorii  lliinibiigs. — We  no¬ 
tice  that  some  of  our  c-ontemporaries  refer 
to  the  great  sides  of  Short-llorns  under 
the  above  caiitiou.  It  is  doubtless  the  fact 
that  the  ordinary  “  tricks  of  trade”  ai'e 
frequently  used  in  tlisposiug  of  cattle,  but 
it  is  not  fair  to  apply  the  name  humbug 
to  Short-Horn  cattle,  for  they  are  a  breed 
too  long  and  favorably  known  to  have 
tlieir  merits  questioned  at  this  time.  It 
is  veiy  likely  tJiat  influeuiies  have  been 
brought  to  bear  upon  some  fancy  strain 
of  blood  to  jnit  the  price  far  above 
intrinsic  value ;  still,  it  often  requires 
somethuig  extraordinary  iu  the  way  of 
statements  of  value  to  attract  attention  to 
real  merits. 
('alilbriiia  Nlaiuiiiotli  Trees. — 
Now  the  scientists  are  quarreling  over  the 
age  of  the  mammoth  Sequoias  of  Califor¬ 
nia,  some  trying  to  make  out  that  there 
are  siieciraens  which  are  at  least  4,000 
years  old,  imd  others  claiming  that  the  big¬ 
gest  uf  them  uio  only  1,200  to  1,.500  years. 
Well,  gentlemen,  suppose  we  cut  olf2,000 
yei^s  from  tlie  age  of  the  speijimens  now 
living,  how  many  tJionsands  of  years  <li(i 
it  take  to  make  the  soil  beneath  them,  or 
how  long  ago  were  the  ancestors  of  the 
lircseut  race  of  trees  created  ?  The  jires- 
enl  growth  of  saplings,  however  old,  are 
ljut  tlie  desceuiiiuits  of  a  much  older  an¬ 
cestry. 
- »»» 
ISerguii  Co.  (N.  ,1.)  Poultry  So¬ 
ciety. — Tliis  enterprising  young  Society 
will  bold  its  first  Fair  iu  Hackensack,  N. 
J.,  Nov.  22-23.  It  is  expected  that  some 
of  the  finest  pure-bred  poultry  ever  seen 
advertising  RATES: 
InBidc.  Mill  aud  15tb  pnitiw  ( Aicate  apace).  .4()c.  per  line 
"  minidKC . 
Oiltaide  or  laal  I'dKC . .  .  bO 
Fifty  per  cL  exli’a  lor  nnnenal  display. 
Slieeial  Notieea,  leaded,  by  count .  70 
B<wlue»K  .  .  eti  „ 
lleadimr  “  . 
DlACoiint  oil  4  itierrtion*.  10  porct. ;  8  ina.,  16  pcrct.; 
13  ina..  20  jicr  ct. ;  20  ina.,  28  per  ct. ;  82  me.,  33)j;  iier  ct. 
j-KT”  No  advertiaement  inaerted  for  leas  than  $2. 
Addresa 
here  the  highest 
accompaniments  of  civilization  can  be  hail 
without  labor,  is  erroneous,  aud  the  sooner 
it  is  given  up  the  better. 
The  young  man  of  to-day  has  only  to 
look  about  him  to  find  eminently  success¬ 
ful  men  in  the  various  industries,  not 
excepting  agriculture,  and  he  may  meet 
them  in  Maine,  Texas,  Washington  Ter¬ 
ritory,  or  in  any  intermediate  locality  ; 
consequently,  we  are  forced  to  the  con¬ 
clusion  that  the  Promised  Laud  is  not 
“  afar  off,”  but  ever  present  with  those 
who  possess  the  requisite  energy  to  make 
the  eai'th  yield  its  fruits  in  abiuidonce. 
Not  long  since  a  farmer  of  poor,  des- 
Ijised  New  Jersey,  told  us  that  his  farm 
of  two  hundred  acres  yielded  him,  on  an 
average,  two  tens  of  the  best  timothy  hay 
per  acre,  aud  being  near  market  he  sel¬ 
dom  failed  to  obtain  .§30  per  ton,  and 
sometimes  more  for  his  entire  crop.  Now 
this  friend  of  ours  has  indeed  found  a 
Promised  Laud,  aud  well  he  knows  how 
te  keep  it ;  and  there  are  many  others  in 
this  hap2)y  and  enviable  2^‘>Kitiou,  and 
more  might  be  if  they  would  ! 
RURAL  PUBLISHING  CO., 
78  Duane  Street,  New  York  City 
EURAL  NOTES 
Pure  Milk  in  Cities.— The  noted 
strictness  of  the  law's  regulating  the 
sale  of  milk  in  the  cities  of  (Ireat  Britain 
itre  said  to  bo  producing  good  results  and 
both  proilucers  aud  consumers  are  alike 
benefited.  'J’he  certainty  of  2iroouring 
good,  pure  milk,  encourages  consumption 
of  this  article,  aud  since  Ute  2>as8agt  of 
the  act  prohibiting  the  sale  of  adulterated 
milk  in  England,  the  dcmimd  has  increased 
iu  an  uu2)recedonted  manner,  there  liy  en¬ 
couraging  a  oon*esponding  increase  in 
2)roductiim.  Tin’s  is  but  a  natural  result 
of  honesty  in  trade,  and  it  is  a  pity  that 
w'e  cannot  have  similar  laws  enacted  and 
enforced  in  this  country.  Pnro  tnilk  hi 
our  larger  cities,  at  the  present  time,  is  a 
rarity  and  must  continue  to  be  until  there 
is  a  great  change  in  the  administration  of 
tlieir  internal  affairs.  It  is  biul  enough 
to  ptu'chaso  liay  in  bales,  the  center  of 
w'hieh  is  composed  of  weeds,  manure, 
chaff  aud  similar  rubbish  ;  but  cheating 
children  by  lululterating  their  food,  is  too 
mean  a  business  to  be  tolerated  iu  civil¬ 
ized  communities  and  should  be  abated 
without  delay. 
SATURDAY,  OCT.  2b,  1876. 
THE  PROMISED  LAND, 
The  w'anderings  of  the  Children  of  Is¬ 
rael  were  but  child’s  2ilay  in  oom2)ariBon 
.  with  the  restlessness  of  a  largo  majority 
of  our  American  2ieo2)le.  The  men  who 
23a8H  thoir  entire  lives  in  the  eountry  or 
State  iu  which  they  were  born,  never 
going  abroad  to  seek  some  “  23r()mi8cd 
laud,”  ai'C  so  few  in  number  that  a  2}hTe- 
nologist  would  at  once  sock  for  a  largo 
bump  on  their  caput  known  te  the  pro¬ 
fessionals  as  “inhabitivouess.”  In  fact, 
the  restiveucss  of  the  Yankee  is  2'roverbial 
and  neither  2‘>uverty  nor  riches  can  cure 
him  of  this  inherent  roving  dis2J08itiou. 
His  father  or  grandfather  settled  some¬ 
where — perhaps  cleared  up  a  large  farm 
— and  then  moved  West ;  consequently, 
it’s  a  trait  of  the  “  breed”  te  move  when 
things  or  surroundings  do  not  exactly  suit 
him. 
The  lamented  Greeley  moved  from 
the  liome  of  his  youth  aud  in  after  years, 
when  business  fixed  him  to  one  s2)ot,  he 
gave  vent  to  the  inborn  spirit  of  roving  in 
the  well-known  phrase,  “Young  man, 
go  West and  many  a  one  acce2)ted  the 
advice,  whether  to  his  benefit  or  other¬ 
wise.  But  there  is  no  longer  a  West  of 
unknown  riches  aud  promise,  as  the  Yan¬ 
kee  has  met  the  Chinaman  on  our  AVest- 
ernmost  bonlers,  aud  the  tide  of  immigra¬ 
tion  sets  in  from  either  ocean,  and  lie  who 
resides  on  or  travels  to  the  great  “  di^ude” 
of  our  Coutinent,  can  see  hundreds  of 
restless  persona  going  in  both  dmections, 
seeking  the  Promised  Laud,  which  teems 
with  the  necessaries  aud  luxuries  of  life. 
That  many  have  bettered  their  circum¬ 
stances  by  these  changes  of  location  can  ' 
scarcely  be  doubted  ;  but  at  the  same  time 
we  thihk  the  roving  spirit  has  been  culti¬ 
vated  and  indulged  in  long  enough  for 
our  good  as  a  23eople  ;  aud  it  is  time  that  a 
higher  a23preciation  should  be  2Jlaced  upon 
what  may  lie  the  homestead  of  a  family. 
It  may  be  well  enough  for  the  boys,  if 
there  are  several  in  the  family,  to  push 
out  some  distance  from  home  ;  still,  in 
the  case  of  farmers’  sons,  they  oau  usuaDy  I 
RURAL  BREVITIES, 
SOCIAL  RECREATION, 
Each  subscribei'  Hhould  read  the  Hpecial  offer 
to  ladieb,  to  be  foiind  oa  page  288  of  IMb  isHue. 
All  who  are  at  all  interewted  in  plants  aud  flowers 
will  there  had  Bomothing  worth  their  attention. 
The  Red  Rust  Proof  wintei  oats,  which  for 
years  bavo  been  popular  ia  the  South,  are  re¬ 
ported  to  have  “  riiaUid"  iu  Texas  the  jiast  sea¬ 
son.  which  may  be  taken  as  an  indication  of 
blight  dugeiicriitiou. 
MANcr.vci'unEus  of  Harvesting  Imrilements 
shoald  not  forget  the  meeting  to  be  held  at  the 
Centennial  for  the  2Jar2)08e  of  formmg  an  Asso¬ 
ciation  iu  their  interest.  This  is  a  movement 
which  none  can  afford  to  neglect. 
Lord  Walsinoham,  an  e-xtensive  land  owner 
in  England,  has  created  quite  a  sensation  by  de- 
claiing  that  w'heu  work  is  slack  aud  laborers  are 
discharged,  those  belonging  to  Trades  Unions 
are  the  lirst  to  receive  notice  to  quit. 
We  notice  that  some  of  our  contom2)oraries 
are  quoting  from  a  book  on  grass  culture  a  par¬ 
agraph  where  the  author  says  Orchard  grass  is 
a  native  of  America.  This  is  an  error  which 
might  be  corrected  by  consulting  any  good  bo- 
Lauioal  ivork. 
This  season’s  crop  of  Wild  Goose  plums  seems 
to  be  as  variable  as  ever,  scarcely  any  two  ciilti- 
vators  of  the  ever  genuine  sort  having  the  same 
variety,  and  the  question  now  to  be  settled  is, 
who  has  the  origiual,  or  is  there  any  one  sort 
entitled  to  the  name  more  than  another  ? 
An  entlniaiaatio  correspondent  of  the  London 
JotUTiaJ  of  Horticulture,  in  speaking  of  the  com- 
IJarativo  value  of  the  Larch  aud  Lime  tree,  says, 
“  The  Larcii  w’ould  buy  a  horst?  before  the  Lime 
would  a  donkey.”  which  is  an  adaiitation  of  the 
old  adage,  which  reads,  “Larch  will  buy  ahorse 
before  Oak  will  buy  a  saddle." 
Ruse  Election.s  are  quite  poimlar  in  England 
and  do  much  toward  briuging  the  best  sorts  into 
notice.  An  hivitation  extended  to  all  rose  grow¬ 
ers  to  send  iu  ii  list  of  the  names  of  what  they 
consider  the  best  twelve,  twenty  or  more  varie¬ 
ties  aud  when  all  the  lists  are  in  tlie  result  is 
published,  aud  this  is  called  a  “  rose  election.” 
That  period  of  the  year  is  at  hand  when 
outdoor  rccreiition  with  a  large  2H’02)ortion 
of  our  readers  will  soon  cease,  although 
their  duties  may  compel  them  to  take  abuu 
dant  exercise  iu  the  open  air  ;  but,  more 
for  2Jrolit  than  pleasure.  Earuiug  one’s 
“bread  by  the  sweat  of  the  brow,”  is  a 
command  Avhich  is  obeyed  by  more  2^00- 
2)le  than  are  the  Ten’ Commamlmeuts. " 
Whetber  tlirough  making  a  virtue  of  ne 
cessity  it  is  not  our  purpose  at  this  time 
to  inquire  ;  still,  the  fact  is  apparent  that 
many  persons  w'ork  more  hours  than  is 
guoti  for  them,  and  it  is  upon  such  that 
we  urge  the  un2Jortance  of  social  recrea¬ 
tion. 
in  the  country  e8].)ecially  there  is,  to 
use  a  common  phrase,  “too  little  going 
ou  ”  in  the  way  of  social  recreation  and 
this  is  tne  reason  so  many  young  men 
aud  w'omen  look  longingly  te  om*  great 
cities  as  places  where  they  could  be 
amused  anti  instructed.  In  every  school 
district  there  should  be  some  kind  of  a 
social  and  friendly  society,  organized  for 
the  pmpose  of  furnishing  recreation  for 
both  old  aud  young.  These  organizations 
should  be  very  co8mo23olitan  in  character ; 
every  member  recognizing  the  right  of 
every  other  member  to  his  or  her  own  in¬ 
dividual  behef,  so  long  as  it  does  not  in¬ 
trude  upon  the  belief  of  another.  All 
questions  which  are  likely  to  provoke  con¬ 
troversy  endiug  iu  ill-feeling,  should  be 
tabooed  at  the  start ;  but  it  is  not  necessary 
to  draw  the  lines  so  tight  or  ado2it  rules 
BO  strict  as  to  in  any  way  interfere  with 
genuine  social  pleasure  and  profit.  In 
cities,  villages  aud  thickly-settled  districts 
(li'as.sI»oi»i)ei’s  in  Minnesota. — It 
ap2)eiu’B  from  late  advices,  that  the  de¬ 
struction  of  farm  crops  in  Minnesota 
during  the  2>ast  summer  by  the  Westera 
Locusts  or  Gra88hop2Jer8,  is  a  far  more 
serious  matter  titan  was  at  first  supposed. 
It  is  now  re2Jorted  that  in  some  counties 
there  is  not  grain  enough  to  8ii2)2>ly  the 
actual  wants  of  tlie  fanners  and  their  fam¬ 
ilies  during  the  coming  winter;  and  outside 
assistance  will  be  required  to  prevent 
much  suffitriug,  if  not  actual  starvation. 
The  ground  where  the  gra8slj02)perH  were 
plentiful  is  said  te  be  fml  of  eggs,  which 
will  pfobably  furnisli  enough  of  these 
2)e8t8  next  S2rriug  to  take  all  the  early- 
sown  grain  and  garden  vegetables.  One 
fanner  of  Jackson  County  says  that  he 
has  raised  but  one  crojj  in  four  years,  the 
Locusts  having  taken  the  other  three. 
Under  such  circumstances,  there  appears 
to  be  but  two  ways  out  of  the  ditficidty — 
either  the  people  must  abandou  the  co'un- 
ny,  or  find  some  way  of  protecting  them¬ 
selves  against  the  ravages  of  those  23e8ts. 
The  Earth’s  Center.  — We  have 
been  assured  by  scientists  for  many  yeiu's 
that  tlie  heat  at  the  earth’s  center  is  so 
great  that  it  would  melt  any  knovvu  min¬ 
eral  substance ;  conse(2ueutly,  there  must 
be  a  vast  molten  mass  beneath  us.  But 
now  comes  Sir  William  Thomson,  who 
tells  us  that  all  this  is  not  true,  and  that 
we  still  have  a  solid  rock  foundation,  with 
