llr-^ - 
fJOV.  4 
THE  RUBAL  WEW-YOBKER 
ass 
it  could  bo  ftcpuratcd  and  kept  fresh,  by  the  ap¬ 
plication  of  tho  “  cold-water  "  system  of  dairy¬ 
ing  adopted  (iu  tho  case  of  cow’s  milk)  in  many 
parts  of  Norway,  biittor  is  rarely,  if  ever,  manu¬ 
factured  from  it,  tho  common  plan  being  to  add 
it  to  the  whoy  in  making  “  mys  ”  cheese. 
Occasionally  “mys"  cheese  ia  manufactured 
from  tho  whey  of  cow's  and  goat’s  milk  mixed, 
and  the  milk  is  somotiinos  allowed  to  turn  sour. 
Tho  addition  of  cow's  milk  whey  facilitates  tho 
process  of  luanufacturp,  but  the  article  thus 
produced  has  a  less  piquant  flavor  and  fetches  a 
lower  market  price.  To  make  a  good  genuine 
“mys”  cheese  of  sweet  goat’s  milk  whoy  only, 
or  of  the  latter  supplemented  by  its  cream, 
requires  considerable  care  and  judgment,  and 
the  difference  iu  value  between  the  best  quality 
and  tlie  ordinary  product  shows  that  the  ad- 
dition.'il  attention  bestowed  on  tho  former  is 
appreciated  by  tho  consumer. 
tlitifi)  ^itsbiintiriL 
THE  JkllLK  SUPPLY  OF  CITIES  AND 
LAEGE  TOWNS. 
The  su])ply  of  fresh  milk  to  cities  and  villages 
is  occupying  a  good  deal  of  attention  in  this 
couuti-y  and  in  England.  Tho  plan  of  keeping 
large  dairies  in  tho  immediate  neighborhood  of 
tho  city,  as  is  now  practice<l  to  a  comsidorablo 
extent,  is  open  to  serious  objections.  Tho  lack 
of  space  often  causes  tlio  animals  to  be  over¬ 
crowded,  and  from  want  of  exercise  and  proper 
ventilation,  together  with  a  defective  diet,  tho 
herds  not  nnfrequently  become  diseased,  aTul 
their  milk,  of  course,  ia  not  a  healthful  article 
of  food. 
The  fact  that  cows  in  such  establishments  re¬ 
quire  to  be  changed  fi‘e<piontly  on  account  of 
failing  health,  them  places  being  filled  by  ani¬ 
mals  fresh  from  tho  country,  is  good  evidonce 
that  disouso  or  a  low  tone  of  Iho  system  has  been 
prevailing  for  some  time  beforo  it  becomes  aii- 
parent  to  a  casual  observer.  This  plan,  then, 
on  sanitary  grounds,  cannot  bo  commendott 
Tho  sale  of  milk  to  city  contractors  has  been  tho 
source  of  great  dissatiafiiction  to  milk  farmers, 
and  strenuous  effoils  have  been  made,  from 
time  to  time,  to  regulate  tho  tr.ado  on  a  fair 
basis.  Hut  somehow  the  cojitractors  always  get 
the  best  end  of  tho  bargain,  and  tho  milk  far¬ 
mer,  in  tho  cud,  yields  to  the  situation. 
In  England  there  Is  an  effort  being  made  to 
organize  a  now  plan  for  milk  supplies.  Mr. 
Livebey,  in  a  recent  letter  to  tho  Hereford 
(Eng.)  Times,  says ; 
“  Wa  all  know  that  farmers  are  loth  to  make 
changes  and  slow  to  get  out  of  tho  old  ruts  In 
which  they  have  traveled  so  long,  often  enduring 
manifest  loss  rather  than  resort  to  any  change 
which  seems  to  some  extent  to  revolutionize  the 
long-existing  arrangomonts.  This,  conpled  with 
other  matters,  shows  tljat  if  our  largo  towns 
and  cities  are  to  got  an  abundant  supply  of  gen¬ 
uine  milk,  the  cousuraers  must  make  tho  first 
move  in  the  matter  and  induce  tho  sellers  to 
follow.” 
And  he  suggests  that  tho  best  way  to  do  this 
is  the  establishment  of  milk-supply  companies, 
where  tho  shareholders  might  bo  very  largely 
the  customers  and  supporters.  He  gives  a  brief 
account  of  tho  Aylesbury  Dairy,  which  has  be¬ 
come  noted  for  its  reliability  in  fiumisbing  a 
largo  amount  of  gmuim  milk  to  its  customers 
in  London.  Tliis  Oompany  Las  a  share  capital 
of  £50,000  (•Ti250,000).  It  has  ono  factory  at 
Swindon,  anotlmr  at  Bourton,  near  Shrivenham, 
and  a  splendid  huildiiig  iu  London,  which  is  tho 
headquarters  of  tho  selling  department.  Above 
1,000  gallons  of  milk  are  distributed  daily  In 
London  to  about  5,000  famiUes,  30  light  carts 
being  employed  in  tlie  delivery  of  tho  mUk. 
Besides  tho  retail  trails,  a  vast  quantity  is  sold 
to  the  trade  at  the  railway  station,  the  total 
quantity  used  by  tho  Company  being  about  22.- 
OOO  gallons  daily.  The  milk  is  furnished  from 
over  50  farms,  the  contracts  with  the  farmers 
being  models  of  stringent  dealings  for  the  secu¬ 
rity  of  cleanliness  and  purity.  No  milk  from 
any  cow  out  of  health,  or  just  calved,  or  just  de¬ 
prived  of  her  calf,  or  just  bought,  is  to  be  sent. 
All  milk  is  to  be  cooled  in  a  Lawrence  refrigera¬ 
tor,  before  dispatch,  to  C0~^  Fulir.,  and  none  is  to  ; 
be  sent  which  has  been  bought.  Tim  sender  is 
to  be  liable  for  all  damages  arising  from  neglect 
of  any  of  these  conditions.  But  Diis  is  not  all 
the  precaution  taken  for  the  security  of  custom¬ 
ers  in  preventing  milk  from  filthy  farm-houses, 
or  where  the  people  or  cattle  aim  diseased.  To 
meet  those  conditions  a  .Sanitary  Inspector  is 
employed  by  tho  Company,  whose  duty  it  is  to 
make  inspections  of  all  the  farms  from  which 
milk  is  furnished.  The  Company  also  have,  in 
addition,  a  ^Icdlcal  Board  that  meets  quarterly 
to  receive  tho  reports  of  the  Inspector  and  to 
make  such  suggestions  on  these  as  may  occur  to 
them.  The  Company  have  also  a  well-arranged 
system  for  preventing  those  who  deliver  milk 
■  by  retail  from  diluting  it.  Thus,  it  will  bo  seen, 
every  possible  precaution  is  taken  by  tho  Com¬ 
pany  for  securing  genuine  and  wholesome  milk. 
Mr.  Livebey  urges  that  the  Aylesbury  plan  bo 
adopted  on  an  extensive  scale,  and  that  the  milk 
he  purchaaed  from  farms  distant  from  tho  place 
of  oonsumptiim  am!  lying  in  tho  vicinity  of  tho 
railways,  since  tho  milk  can  bo  pro<luced  more 
cheaply  from  such  farms  than  from  those  near 
the  city,  where  land  is  expensive. 
The  establishment  of  factories  along  tho  lino 
of  tho  railways  whore  the  farmers  deliver  their 
milk  ia  an  important  foatnro  in  this  plan,  tho  ad¬ 
vantages  of  which  we  have  heretofore  nrged  in 
tho  lluu.M.,  because,  as  will  ho  soon,  all  surplus 
milk,  not  needed  from  time  to  time  for  cousump' 
tion,  can  be  utilized  at  tho  factory  by  being  con¬ 
verted  into  butter  and  clicoso.  By  this  plan  the 
milk  farmer  is  protected  from  tho  abuses  to 
wliich  ho  ia  now  subjected  by  tho  contractora, 
who,  to  avoid  loss  on  surplus  rnillc,  cither  return 
it  to  the  farmer  or  dock  him  in  damages,  on  the 
ground  that  the  milk  is  not  sweet  or  is  otherwise 
defective.  ‘ 
Again,  some  plan  ia  needed  whereby  consumers 
can  bo  protected  from  tho  dilution  and  adultera¬ 
tion  of  milk.  It  has  been  estimated  that  to  tlie 
total  supply  of  milk  in  Now  York  City  water  is 
added  to  the  extent  of  ono-quartor,  tluis  maldng 
oonamners  pay  onc-fom'th  moro  than  they  would 
if  the  milk  were  pure  and  nua<hiltcratod.  The 
frauds  iJracticed  in  this  way  upon  oonsnmers 
have  become  so  onerous  that  attempts  have 
been  made  to  check  tho  abuse  by  apjilyiiig  the 
lactometer  teat.  But  it  is  boliovod  tliat  only  the 
worst  cases  are  thus  readied,  and  that  wo  must 
look  to  some  moro  substantial  method  for  break¬ 
ing  up  this  unmitigated  swindle.  Wo  aliould  be 
ghid  to  see  the  plan  suggested  inaugurated  in  this 
country,  and  wo  tliiiik  a  company  furnishing 
gootl,  honest  milk  could  lie  managed  ao  as  to  re¬ 
turn  good  dividenda  to  stookholdora. 
Another  important  foatnro  in  tho  plan  pro- 
I  posed  is  the  capacity  to  fiumisli  cream  in  con¬ 
siderable  quantities.  At  tho  factories  a  certain 
portion  of  tho  milk  may  bo  set  for  cream  and 
tho  skimmwl  milk  coiivortod  Into  sldnnncd 
cheese. 
Wo  believe  the  time  was  never  more  favorable 
tlian  now  fur  inaugurating  this  movement.  Tho 
great  desire  in  cities  to  obtain  pure  niiUc  and 
the  knowledge  that  milk  is  grossly  diluted,  to¬ 
gether  with  tho  low  price  of  cheoso,  rendering  it 
easy  for  milk  to  bo  obtained  in  tbo  connlry  at 
ooinparatively  low  figures,  would  all  secni  to 
favor  the  success  of  such  a  movomoiit.  I.«l  all 
the  precautions  betaken  to  put  upon  the  innrket 
genuine  milk  in  tho  best  possible  condition  and 
it  will  be  a  boou  to  consumers,  while  all  parties 
interested,  from  the  seller  to  tho  milk  fanner, 
can  bo  amply  remunerated. 
- — »♦■» - 
THE  GEE  AT  CHEESE  SHOW  IN  CANADA. 
The  Canadian  Choose  Fairs  seem  to  have  been 
a  success  from  the  first.  They  are  held  under 
tho  auspices  of  tho  Ontario  Dairymen’s  Associa¬ 
tion,  which  receives  annually  an  appropriation 
from  the  Oovernmeut  for  premiums  and  for  the 
advancement  of  dairy  husliandry  iu  Canada. 
The  reeout  HhOw  at  Ingersoll,  from  all  accounts, 
appears  to  liava  been  one  of  tlie  most  successful 
of  any  ever  held  by  the  Association.  There 
were  200  entries  made  for  competition  m  tbo 
various  classes,  and  as  tho  cheese  generally  was 
of  Dio  finest  quality,  tho  competition  was  sharp 
and  the  awards  not  easily  mado.  Tho  fii  st  prize 
of  SlOO  for  the  six  host  factory  cheeses— two 
mado  in  the  months  of  July,  August  and  Sep¬ 
tember,  rc.spectively— was  given  to  I‘eter  Dunn 
of  Ingersoll ;  the  second  prize,  5<75,  to  Jas.  El¬ 
liott  of  Brownsville;  tho  third  prize,  TdO,  to  J. 
A.  James  of  Nilostown;  tho  fourth  prize,  8.50,  to 
H.  PaiTington  of  Norwich;  the  fifth  prize,  840, 
to  J.  Anderson  of  Wyoming;  the  sixth  prize, 
8.10,  to  A.  J.  Herrick  of  Acacia ;  tho  .seventh 
prize,  820,  to  0.  E.  Harris  of  Newiy ;  the  eighth 
prize.  $10,  to  E.  ifuiiter  of  .\rt.  Elgin ;  tho  ninth 
prize,  to  J.  E.  Hupkuia;  the  tenth  prize  to 
Win.  Augur;  tho  eleventh  prize  to  Adam  Bell ; 
the  twelfth  prize  to  Wm.  Waddell ;  the  thirteenth 
prize  to  It.  Facoy ;  the  fom  teeuth  prize  to  E.  N. 
Hupkins — each  receiving  85. 
For  the  best  two  cheeses  (colored)  mado  on  the 
17th  and  31st  of  August,  tho  fii-st  prize,  $2.5, 
was  awardixl  to  A.  J.  1  lorrick ;  the  second  prize, 
$15,  to  Jas.  Elliott,  and  the  third  prize,  .$10,  to 
Peter  Dium. 
For  tho  best  two  cheeses  (white)  ma<lo  on  the 
lotli  and  20th  of  August,  the  first  prize  of  $25 
went  to  John  Wilkinson  of  Verschoyle  ;  the  sec¬ 
ond  prize,  $15,  to  Peter  Dunn,  and  tho  third 
prize,  $10,  to  E.  N.  Hupkins. 
For  the  best  three  cheeses  (colored  or  white) 
made  at  any  date— first  prize,  $25,  to  A.  J.  Her¬ 
rick  ;  second  prize,  $15,  to  Peter  Dunn ;  third 
prize,  810,  to  A,  Bell  of  Iiinerkiss. 
For  tho  best  five  Stilton  cheeses —first  prize, 
$20,  to  E.  Harris;  second  prize,  $10,  to  John 
llowart  of  Nilestown. 
Best  five  Loaf  or  Truckle  cheeses— first  prize, 
•?20,  to  r.  B.  Lambert  of  St.  Thomas ;  second 
prize,  .$10,  to  Phlli|)  Andrew  of  Cromarty. 
Best  two  ohooHos,  any  make  or  date,  artificially 
colored— first  prize,  $20,  to  Margaret  Morrison 
of  Newry ;  second  prize,  -ilO,  to  John  llowart. 
Best  three  dairy  cheeses  made  any  time  in 
August— first  prize,  820,  to  Mr.  B.allantiuo  of 
St.  Ifary;  second  prize,  $10.  to  U.  Faeey  of 
Horncttsvillc  ;  third  prize,  $5,  to  Thomas  Haw¬ 
kins. 
Beat  two  iirkius  of  butter,  first  prize,  $50,  to 
Wra.  Dinm  of  Ingersoll ;  second  prize,  .$30,  to 
Jas.  Lund  of  Oxford  Center ;  third  piizo,  .$15, 
to  V.  Ficbt. 
Best  crock  of  butter — first  prize,  .$20,  to  llobt. 
Nicholl ;  second  prize,  $10,  to  Benj.  Thompaon 
of  Florence;  third  prize,  $5,  to  Wm.  Ilarris  of 
Mt.  Elgin. 
Best  baakot  butter,  plain  roll  or  print— first 
prize,  $20,  to  llobt.  Nicholl ;  second  prize,  $10 
to  Daniel  Uayos,  and  third  prize,  $5,  to  BouJ 
Thompaon. 
It  will  ho  seen  tho  prizes  were  quite  liberal 
and  suflieieut  to  iiidneu  a  largo  competition. 
Cheese  Fairs,  when  properly  conducted,  are  of 
great  advantage  in  stimulating  exhibitors  to  ex¬ 
cel,  and  such  good  results  have  come  from  them 
in  Canada,  iu  promoting  improvement  in  dairy 
manufactures,  that  the  Canadian  Oovernmeut 
has  had  the  good  sense  to  make  liberal  appro¬ 
priations  for  this  object. 
Tho  cheese  Shows  of  Canada  are  managed  for 
tho  benefit  of  Canadian  dairymen,  while  on  this 
side  tho  Dairy  Exliibition  at  our  groat  Ceuleunial 
has  been  prostituted  for  tbo  benefit  of  a  “King” 
and  will  be  of  no  advantage  to  Die  dairy  Interest 
of  Uio  country,  eitlier  iu  sliiniitatlrig  to  irnprovo- 
mont  or  iu  giving  us  a  reputation  with  foreign 
nations. 
■ - .♦♦♦ - — 
COMPAEATIVE  VALUE  OF  MILK  FOE 
CHEESE  IN  ENGLAND  AND  AMEEICA. 
In  England,  when  cheese  is  worth  70  sliillings 
sterling  per  cwt.,  tho  dairyman  gets  about  IS^ 
cents  per  gallon  for  his  milk.  Tliis  is  a  little 
over  Sj-f  cents,  gold,  per  quart  for  milk  when 
mado  Into  a  good  quality  of  cheoso.  In  com¬ 
paring  prices  abroad  with  iiricos  in  Die  Ciiited 
Htatoa,  wo  find  that  milk  nets  tho  dairyman  con¬ 
siderably  less  money  hero  than  in  England.  If 
we  aHsumo  tliat  10  ixmnds  of  milk  on  an  average 
make  ono  pound  of  cured  cheoso,  and  that  11 
cents  per  iimmd  arc  realized  for  it,  after  deduct¬ 
ing  tho  expense  of  making,  boxing,  etc.,  to  fit  it 
for  market,  we  can  easily  calcnlato  tlie  value  of 
fmr  milk  when  It  is  mado  into  fir-st-elasH  ehccse. 
A  gallon  of  milk,  wino  measure,  weighs  8  pounds 
9  ounces ;  consequeiiUy  10  pounds  would  make 
ono  gallon  and  ouc-third  jiint  of  milk.  Tl;e 
milk,  then,  woiilil  not  tho  dairyman  a  trifle  less 
than  cents,  ourroncy.  per  quart— a  difference 
of  over  cents  per  luart  Lu  favor  of  English 
dairymen.  But  the  latter  complain  Dial  eheose- 
maklng  at  these  tigurea  loaves  only  a  narrow 
margin  of  profits,  and  hence  that  all  low-priced 
cheese  will  not  pay.  As  the  host  Amoriean 
cheese  has  ranged  in  England  during  tho  jsvst 
year  at  an  average  of  from  00  to  00  shillings, 
slerling,  per  cwt.,  the  effect  has  been  to  send 
down  Dio  price  of  common  grades  of  English, 
cheese  to  quite  a  low  lignro.  We  notice  that 
Cheshire  medium  was  quoted  on  tho  Ist  of  Oc¬ 
tober  at  14  shilliugs,  sterling,  tho  cwt.  It  is 
evident  that  cheese  at  such  rates,  on  tho  high- 
priced  lauds  of  England,  cannot  pay,  and  hence 
we  are  not  surprised  to  learn  that  an  effort  is 
being  mado  to  change  to  some  other  branch  of 
farming. 
Tho  time  is  not  distant,  we  think,  when  cheese- 
making  iu  England  will  ho  narrowed  down  to 
“fancy”  or  high-priced  qualities.  Our  efforts 
should  now  be  directed  to  the  mamifaetureof  an 
article  that  will  take  its  place  alongside  of  the 
fine  EnglLih  cheddar,  which  sells  at  from  80  to 
92  shillings  per  cwt.  There  is  no  good  reason 
why  we  sliould  not  bo  able  to  produce  as  line 
goods  as  any  in  Uio  world.  We  already  have  tho 
skill  in  making,  and  what  wo  now  must  need  is 
skill  ill  curing  and  hotter  curing-rooms. 
- ♦  ♦  » - 
THE  CHEESE  SHOW  AT  FEOME,  ENG. 
We  have  reports  of  the  great  Cheese  and  But¬ 
ter  Show  at  Frome,  Somersetshire,  England,  in 
September.  Tho  diecao  was  exhibited  in  a 
monster  lent  170  feet  long  by  15  feet  broad. 
Four  stages  ran  the  full  Iwigtli  of  tho  tent  and 
one  across  the  oiui  of  it,  and  on  Diese  were 
placed  from  700  to  800  cheeses.  Hera  wore 
found  the  very  finest  cheese.s  that  the  County  of 
Somersetshire  produces.  Some  of  Die  Cheddars 
exhibited  were  IG  and  17  inches  deep  and  of  tho 
finest  flavor  that  clieeso  can  possibly  att,ain. 
There  was  a  great  variety  of  goods  on  exhibition. 
Besides  tho  cheddar,  there  were  the  Stilton,  the 
Lancashire,  tho  (lloucestershire,  tho  Wilts,  the 
Dorsets,  and  others. 
The  inliabjtauts  ol  Frome  take  great  interest 
in  these  Shows,  and  this  year  largo  arches,  pro¬ 
fusely  decorated  with  evergreens  and  llowors, 
bearing  a  variety  of  mottoes  and  surmounted 
with  flags,  spanned  tho  prlneip.al  streets,  wliilo 
pendant  from  almost  nuniherloss  windows  were 
flags  of  various  styles,  shapes  and  colors.  Tho 
fronts  of  some  of  the  shops  wore  festooned  from 
tho  lowest  to  tho  highest  stories  witli  evergreens, 
iutonnixed  with  llowers  and  flags. 
The  Judges  for  cheese  at  this  Show  wore 
Messrs,  .f.  I).  Coi’M.VN  and  S.  S.  White  of  I.on- 
don,  W.  T.ivi.><ey  of  I’rostoii,  and  H.  S.  Undku- 
uiLL  of  Oxford. 
®(k  Batiinilist, 
OSTEICH  FAEMING. 
A  oonxiKflroNnENT  of  tho  London  Times  in 
speaking  of  Ostrich  farming  at  the  Capo  of  Good 
Hope  says: 
“Permit  me  in  your  valuable  paper  to  niako  a 
few  remarks  on  one  of  our  most  luciativo  em¬ 
ployments  at  the  Cape,  and  which  i.s  ho  little 
known  of  in  England,  and  that  is  “  oaf  rich  farm¬ 
ing."  Taming  tho  ostrich  and  making  it  a  do¬ 
mesticated  bird  lias  only  been  attempted  of  late 
years ;  formerly  they  used  to  run  about  wild  on 
tile  plains  of  Boutb  Afric.a.  They  were  shot  by 
the  trailers  and  natives  for  their  featliers  until 
they  had  almost  become  extinct,  J  have  often 
hcai-d  my  native  servants  talk  about  tho  nnmber 
of  birds  they  have  killed  and  eggs  they  Juvvo 
oaten,  but  that  is  a  thing  of  tho  past.  'J'hey  are 
now  ivatehed  by  the  farmer  most  accurately  until 
tho  yoimg  are  hatched ;  those  are  (heu  taken  from 
their  mother ;  tho  eggs  tliat  are  not  hatched  aro 
taken  lioino  and  generally  juit  under  blankets  to 
complete  Dio  incubation.  Tho  birds  are  generally 
sold  when  they  aro  a  week  old  for  £10  each  to 
those  faiTuing  them;  they  are  fed  on  lu- 
com,  clover,  or  any  grass  stuff  from  tho  gar¬ 
den  ;  they  aro  housed  at  night  time,  and  aro  put 
out  during  the  day  when  tho  sun  is  warm.  When 
a  month  old,  they  are  taken  out  by  a  boy  to  the 
fields,  on  a  pasture  peeiiliar  to  tbo  country,  and 
will  feed  about  tlio  homestead  with  tlio  poultry 
to  the  ago  of  two  years.  After  that  age  they 
have  to  be  kept  in  paddocks. 
Tbo  birds  commence  laying  at  the  age  of  tlireo 
and  four  year.s.  Pliey  are  attended  to  tbo  sumo 
as  wild  birds  ;  but  when  wc  find  a  hen  lias  moro 
eggs  than  she  can  cover,  they  are  placed  in  an 
incubator,  wlioro  it  Is  intorestiiig  to  study  tho 
process  of  incubation. 
Birds  aro  kept  solely  for  the  feathers.  They 
aro  plucked  every  eight  mouths,  and  will  average 
lit  oacli  plucking  £10  worth  of  feathers  after  the 
first  pliiekiog,  which  aro  chiokon  feathers,  and 
are  not  so  valuable. 
Tho  Cape  never  ollorod  a  bettor  time  than  tbo 
present  for  enterpri.sing  young  men,  as  farms  are 
being  let  at  a  noniiiml  price ;  but  I  sboiild  ad¬ 
vise  those  who  intend  going  ostrich-farming  to 
rent  part  of  a  farm  from  one  who  is  engaged  in 
that  pursuit,  because  it  does  not  require  iiiucli 
ground,  and  at  the  same  time  ho  will  bo  able  to 
gain  information.” 
- »■»■»—-  - 
THE  PLACE  OF  ANIMALS. 
A  wun  Ell  111  Our  Dumb  Animals  very  perti¬ 
nently  remarks  Dial  tho  doctrine  tiiat  animals 
aie  meio automatoii,s — bundles  of  “  instincts”  to 
bo  wroiiglit  out  into  actions  in  a  mechanical  way 
cannot  explain  all  tho  oliserved  iflieiioinoua  of 
their  lives;  It  i.s  soinotiinos  urged  that  we  pub¬ 
lish  too  many  anecdotes  of  animals  ;  that  those 
things  may  do  to  amuse  ebiliireu  or  excite  the 
sympathy  of  the  sontHiiental,  but  liavo  no  sub¬ 
stantial  U80.  Tho  reverse  is  true.  These  anec¬ 
dotes,  illustrating  the  conduct  of  animals  under 
exceptional  ciremnstanees,  hear  directly  upon 
tho  problem  of  their  true  place  in  tho  scale  of 
life.  Whenever  it  is  sliown  that  any  creaturo 
under  pressure  of  now  conditions  puts  forth 
spoeial  powers,  however  feeble,  to  meet  those 
eonditiouH,  a  gain  lias  been  made;  sonietbing  wo 
call  reason,  in  talking  of  ourselves,  has  been 
manifested.  The  action  has  ceased  to  bo  auto- 
matie.  The  animal  is  not  a  maohhm ;  a  mere 
blind  force  working  throng  h  an  organism  would 
do  nothing  of  tlio  kind.  Gur  file  of  anecdotes  is 
an  arsenal  of  facts,  showing  that  within  the 
range  of  their  physical  adaptations  all  animals 
do  think —tbo  mental  phenomena,  though  lim¬ 
ited,  are  in  kind  tho  same  as  in  men.  To  illus¬ 
trate  would  bo  to  rcprodiico  Dioko  anecdotes. 
It  is  better  to  ask  our  readers  to  observe  the  life 
Dial  ia  going  on  all  around  them  ;  Die  closer  they 
observe,  the  surer  will  be  their  conviction  that 
this  mu.^t  be  the  case. 
- - - 
SIIOWEKS  OF  Froiis  and  Wok.ms.— Homothing 
similar  to  tho  meat  showers  of  Kentucky  are  the 
worm  showers  in  Norway.  The  MortjenhUid  of 
Ohristiana  states  that  this  singular  phononienon 
was  observed  there  after  a  reeont  violent  stonn 
a  number  of  worms  were  found  crawling  on  the 
snow,  and  it  was  impossible  to  find  any  erevices 
in  the  greuiul  from  whicli  they  might  havecieVt 
out,  u::  tho  earth  was  frozen.  Beth  the  frogs  or 
lizards  were  lifted  up  by  wiiid-btorme,  bavin"' 
tben'  centers  in  distant  hjciilities,  carried  up  in 
the  ail-  and  dropped  again  iu  other  places. 
