‘3 
mv.  is 
THE  RURAi  HEW-YORKER. 
327- 
setsblro,  aud  which  has  been  in  vogne  for 
more  than  a  ccntuiy  at  the  foot  of  the  Klendip 
Hills.  Ho  referred  to  the  various  theories  and 
said ; — The  lesson  which  wo,  as  dairymen,  are 
learning,  is  a  difference  between  specnlativo 
theories  and  sound  practice.  Wo  have  originated 
improved  appliances  for  waking,  and  methods 
of  curing  and  pros.sing  cheese — the  cooling  aud 
I  aeration  of  milk,  for  its  better  flavor  and  con¬ 
dition,  is  also  ours.  Mr.  Foster  of  Oneida,  N.  Y. , 
I  was  the  tlrst  to  discover  tliat  the  odor  of  decaying 
I  vegetable  or  animal  matter,  when  breathed  by 
'  the  cow  in  the  pastnre,  would  convey  a  taint  to 
the  milk  in  the  bag.  The  speaker  paid  a  high 
compliment  to  Jesse  Williams  as  the  originator 
of  the  factory  system. 
The  late  Oail  Ikirden  of  White  Plains,  N.  Y., 
:  Avas  the  first  to  succossrulIycoudoiHo  milk.  lllr. 
Slaughter  of  Orango  Goiinty,  N.  Y.,  was  the  first 
to  adopt  the  associated  system  in  butter-making, 
the  Swedes  and  I)ano.s  the  first  nations  abroad 
to  adopt  the  American  idea  of  butter  factories. 
In  closing  the  claims  of  Anierican  iiu'estigators. 
the  speaker  would  mention  Dr.  Stiutcvant  of 
1  Massachusetts,  and  Dr.  H.  A.  Mott  of  New  York 
City  who  have  recently  made  some  interesting 
investigations  in  regard  to  milk. 
In  conclusion,  Mr.  Willard  said : —Commis¬ 
sioner  Wells,  in  ISfiU,  estirnateil  the  value  of  the 
i  dairy  products  of  the  United  States  at  four  hun¬ 
dred  milUon  dollars  per  aunmn.  Tljo  annual 
product  to-day  is  not  far  from  six  hundred 
million  dollars.  He  thought  tire  New  York  but¬ 
ter  and  chocBO  exchange’s  estimate  of  the  butter 
crop  at  one  billion  four  hundred  million  pounds, 
at  thirty  cents  per  pound — four  hundred  ancl 
I  twenty  million  dollars— too  lugh,  but  that  it 
j  could  not  bo  far  from  one  billion  pounds  jwr 
annum.  The  address  closed  with  a  sketch  of  the 
markets  and  market  system  of  the  country, 
of  which  wo  regret  our  space  does  not  permit 
the  publication  in  full." 
“  After  the  address  Mr.  iJliss  explained  his 
connection  with  tlie  OenUuinml  Dairy  Exhibition 
at  Philailelpbia,  which  he  <loiiounced,  in  no 
measimcd  terms,  as  an  itifarnons  swindle,  in 
place  of,  what  it  should  be,  a  crcditablo  exhibi¬ 
tion.  Ho  laid  the  blame  at  tho  doors  of  incom¬ 
petent  and  corrupt  olficials  of  the  exbibit,  and 
endeavored  to  inuko  plain  tho  causes  of  the 
failure  it  has  proved.” 
Wo  shall  refer  to  tho  report  of  Mr.  Dliss  on 
tho  Centennial  “  l>.iiry  lling”  in  another  article. 
There  was  umcli  interest  manifested  at  tho 
meeting,  and  among  those  present  at  the 
evening  session  were  Governor  Fairbanks,  with 
members  of  both  houses  of  tho  Logislahire,  aud 
other  leading  men  of  the  State. 
- ♦♦♦— — - - 
THE  CENTENNIAL  DAIRY  EXHIBIT 
I  BEFOREITHE  VERMONT  STATE  DAIRYMEN’S  ASSOCIATION. 
I  The  report  of  5Ir.  O.  8.  Bt.i.ss,  Secretary  of 
the  Vermont  Dairymen’s  Assoeiation,  in  regard 
to  tho  Contonnial  Daii^  display  being  now  in 
order,  Mr.  Bi.isa  gave  a  brief  history  of  the 
matter  showing  how  tho  proposed  dairy  show  at 
the  Centennial  ha<]  failed.  A  half  dozen  mem¬ 
bers  of  the  Cenkuniial  Committee,  apjjointed  by 
the  American  Dairymen's  Association  (' immedi¬ 
ately  afpir  the  Itome  meeting  of  tlie  .\)»3ocmtion 
in  January  last)  took  complete  control  of  the 
movement,  prostituting  it  to  them  own  interest, 
aud  ignoring  tho  other  members  of  the  cunuuittoe 
I  of  which  tho  whole  number  appointed  was 
I  upward  of  50. 
As  eaily  as  1873  a  resolution  was  offered  by  J , 
V.  H.  8COVILLU  before  the  American  Dairymen’s 
I  Association  in  regard  to  making  a  dairy  display 
at  tho  coming  Centennial.  A  committee  was 
appointed  at  that  tiuio  of  Avbich  ho  (Bliss)  was  a 
member,  Scoville  being  named  as  Chairman. 
He  (Bliss)  had  been  a  member  of  thecommitteo 
from  the  first.  At  subsequent  meetings  of  the 
American  Association  the  committee  was  enlarged 
aud,  finally  at  the  annual  meeting  in  Rome,  in 
January  187<i,  upward  of  50  persons  from  New 
York  aud  other  States  were  enrolled  as  members 
of  this  committee.  It  was  then  and  there 
resolved  to  make  a  vigorous  effort  to  have  a 
grand  dairy  display  at  tho  Contonnial,  and  the 
sum  of  ijlO.OOO  was  called  for  from  Dairymen  to 
pay  the  nccessai'y  expenses  of  such  a  disiilay. 
Instead  of  accepting  space,  offered  by  tlie  L'liileil 
States  Contonnial  C’ouimission,  it  was  thought 
best  to  erect  a  “  model  Butter  and  Cheese 
factory "  on  the  grounds,  because  the  latter 
could  be  properly  refrigerated,  or  the  tempera¬ 
ture  so  controlled  ns  to  keep  e.\liibit8  of  butter 
aud  cheese  in  good  order  during  hot  Aveather ; 
and  the  1 10,OUU  Avas  believed  to  be  amply  sufilcieut 
for  the  erection  of  such  a  fa4;toryaud  tlw  employ- 
vxent  of  fiersoHH  to  take  charge  of  exhihits  so  that 
there  should  bo  no  farther  expense  to  exhibitors. 
A  consldcrablo  sum  was  subscribed  by  persons 
present  at  tho  Rome  Convention,  and  a  commit¬ 
tee  was  appointed  consisting  of  Messrs.  8  pewaut, 
Beall,  and  Willaud  to  draft  a  cii'OuIar  to  bo 
sent  out  to  tho  Dairymen  of  the  Uuikd  States, 
advising  them  of  the  project  and  asking  eontri- 
'  butious.  This  circular  was  draAVU  up  during  tho 
Convention  and  ordered  to  be  printed  by  the 
committee  of  the  Avhole. 
5Ir.  8<’ovn.r.B  Avas  retained  as  chairman  of  tho 
general  committoo,  now  numbering  about  50  and 
Mr.  O.  8.  Blcss  appointed  Secretary.  In  order 
that  Dairymen  and  other  subscribers  to  tho  fund 
might  havo  entire  ewi(i<knce  (hat  the-  money 
ehould  be  properly  appropriated.  Gov.  Haiuatio 
vMeymoub  was  appointed  Treasurer  of  the  fund, 
l.'p  to  tins  date  all  soemed  to  be  harmoniotiH  and 
the  different  members  of  tlio  comniitteo,  as  avcH 
as  dairymen  generally,  were  enthusiastic  in  re¬ 
gard  to  tho  project  and  “  a  grand  display," 
such  as  had  never  occurred  in  any  country  or 
ago  Avas  anticipated. 
But  soon  after  tho  Romo  Convention  -said 
Mr.  Bliss— tho  Chairman  Scovii.le  conceived 
tho  idea  of  running  tho  committee  and  working 
up  the  Avholo  matter  in  tho  interest  of  a  clique. 
Meetings  began  to  bo  hold  clandostinely  by 
Scovii.le,  TfAnui.s  Lkavis,  L.  B.  Arxclia,  8.  T. 
IIawi.ey,  T.  I),  CuuTiH  and  Josiau  Hiiitll,  AAhilo 
tho  oUier  members  of  tho  committee  together 
with  its  Secretary,  Mr,  Bliss,  wore  ignored  or 
not  noUliod  in  regard  to  such  meetings.  Tho 
circular  whhfii  had  boon  prepared  and  ordered 
to  be  printed  by  the  “  coiuiuittoo  of  tho  Avbolo,” 
was  remodeled  and  changed  by  this  clique  to 
suit  tliemsolvos  and  was  then  sent  out.  When 
this  became  known  both,  Mr.  Blis.s  and  Mr. 
Beall  protested  against  this  nuAvarranted  pro¬ 
cedure. 
Tho  winter  mooting  of  the  Vermont  Dairy¬ 
men’s  Association  occurred  several  days  after 
Uie  BiAine  Couvontiou,  It  Avas  held  at  Butland, 
January  111  2‘J,  187(3.  To  this  meeting  Messrs. 
Harius  Lewis,  L.  B.  Ailsolu,  L,  T.  H-awley 
aud  T.  D.  CuR'iis  had  boon  iiiAutcd  and  were  in 
attondamx!,  their  expenses  being  paid  by  the 
Vermont  A-isociation.  These  members  of  tho 
committee  mot  Scuvii.lb  at  Utica  by  appoint¬ 
ment  on  their  way  to  the  Vermont  Convention, 
anil  they  agrowl  upon  a  meeting  Avith  him  on 
tlioir  return.  While  at  the  Venuont  Convonlion 
tho  plan  Avas  arranged  by  those  plotting  members 
of  tho  committoo  to  ahsoi  h  all  the  honors  aud 
omohunents  growing  out  of  the  display.  Bliss 
Avas  not  informed  of  any  propo.sed  meeting  of 
the  cliiiuo  Avilli  8covit.le  until  after  the  Conven¬ 
tion  had  closed,  and  Llio  New  York  delegation 
had  taken  its  departure.  Then,  in  conversation 
with  a  gentleman  from  8t.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  V., 
who  had  overheard  tlie  plans  of  tlio  elique  at  tho 
hotel,  the  iutelligoncu  came  out  concerning  the 
game  to  capture  tho  comniittoe  of  the  whole  by 
an  illicit  meeting  at  Utica.  Mr.  Blis.s  was  not 
only  astounded  but  yrieved  tliat  his  guests 
should  play  him  such  a  trick  aud  at  first  dis¬ 
credited  It.  But  the  facts  afterwards  verified 
tho  inforinatiou  received.  Tho  clique  on  their 
way  back  stopped  at  Utica  and  met  Sooville, 
and  they  then  and  there  nominated  L.  B. 
Arnold  and  T.  D.  Cnitifs  as  Jurors,  Avhilo 
Mauris,  Lkavis,  L.  T.  H.vwley  aud  Johi.aii 
Sut'LL  went  appointed  Auditors,  thus  virtually 
getting  complete  control  of  tho  funds,  Gov. 
Sevakiur's  name  being  put  forward  to  induce 
subscriptions.  Afterwards,  Avhou  Mr.  Blis.<»,  as 
Secretary  of  tho  “committoo  of  tho  Avholo,* 
was  ordered  to  enter  upon  his  booLs  a  reconl  of 
the  doings  of  tlieso  six  inou  at  their  illidt  meet¬ 
ings  bo  refused  to  do  so,  and  beuco  the  stormy 
session  of  tho  committee  of  the  Avhole,  at  Phila¬ 
delphia  in  February,  an  account  of  which  has 
been  given  in  the  Bor.vl. 
Mr.  Bliss  referred  to  a  long  letter  from  L.  B. 
Arnold  —which  ho  subscqucDtly  produced — 
dated  February  I,  187G  in  which  Mr.  Arnold 
attempts  to  explain  why  thu  circular  was  changed, 
and  AA'hat  he  and  the  other  mombors  of  the 
clique  did  with  it  on  their  return  from  Ywuioat, 
but  no  niuutioii  is  matte  of  tho  appointment 
of  Auditors,  or  the  nomination  of  Jurors  at  tiiese 
illicit  meetings,  thus  adding  to  tho  tkceit.  3Ir. 
Bi.iss  said  he  had  boon  very  desirous  that  tho 
dairy  exhibit  ahoulJ  be  a  sticcess.  The  commit¬ 
tee  had  io-slriictod  him  to  Ausit  the  West  in  order» 
to  got  subseriptiuns  to  tho  fund  and  induce  an 
exhibit  from  that  quarter.  He  referred  to  a 
letter  from  tho  Secretary  of  tho  Wi.tcousiu 
Dairymen’s  Association  Aihich  he  produced,  in 
which  it  is  stated  that  tho  Wisconsin  6.xhibit 
was  duo  to  tho  urgent  solicitations  of  Mr.  Bi.iss. 
Beforriug  to  the  Vermont  contributions  to  the 
fond  he  said  upward  of  qiliKl,  including  tlie 
value  of  tile  scales  donated  by  Col.  Spraode 
were  in  the  bauds  of  Hcovili.e  and  his  ring- 
ooinniitteo.  He  (Bliss)  had  presented  a  bill  for 
traveling  expenses  for  work  done,  which  the 
auditing  coinuiittoo  refused  to  audit.  The  8co- 
viLLE  committee  had  attempted  to  capture  thu 
balance  of  tho  Vermont  subscriptions  leaving 
him  unpaid.  The  Bing  of  six  hail  “kicked 
him  ’’  out  of  the  Secretaryship  and  Siicill  had 
been  wiiting  letters  as  Secretary  pro.  (em. 
Since  tho  first  of  Juno  he  had  been  silent  and  at 
no  time  had  ho  thrown  any  obstacle  in  tho  way 
of  thu  display.  Early  in  thu  season  his  friends 
had  urged  his  name  as  Snperinteudont,  but  Bco- 
viLLE  and  tbo  Bing  opposed  ruch  appointment. 
I  Ho  had  acted  from  the  first  honestly,  earnestly 
I  and  in  goml  faith,  hoping  that  the  dairy  display 
AA’ould  be  an  honor  to  the  country.  Tlio  whole 
affair  had  been  a  miserable  failure,  a  “  laughing 
stock "  to  foreign  nations  and  a  disgrace  to 
American  dairymen.  Tho  rosiiouaibility  must 
rest  on  tho  “  Bing,"aud  its  maiiagomeut  wliich 
had  dostroyctl  tho  eorilidonco  of  dairymen  aud 
alienated  tho  best  friends  of  tho  dairy.  Ho  re¬ 
ferred  to  liis  [irotosts  from  time  to  time  and  his 
urgent  request  for  fair  manayement,  his  letters 
to  Gov.  SKV.AioLtu,  and  in  conelusiou  ho  called 
upon  the  President,  lion,  10.  D,  Maso.v.  avIio  had 
recently  retuinieJ  fi-om  liiu  Centennial  to  give 
his  views  of  the  matter,  Ac.  .Mr.  Mason  said  lio 
AA'as  at  tho  (Centennial  during  thu  roeeiit  niceting 
of  tho  American  Dairymen’s  Association.  He 
attended  a  meeting  of  the  “King  Committoo" 
at  tho  Butter  and  Cheese  building  and  said  they 
Avoro  wi’angliug  and  quarreling.  Ho  considured 
tho  whole  thing  a  failure  and  a  disgrace. 
In  snmmhig  up  this  matter  it  appears  that  tho 
money  employed  for  the  dairy  display  is  not  far 
from  1^11.8, 000.  'I’he  State  appropriation  from 
Ncav  York,  iii'8,000 ;  Canada,  ?f2,000 ;  Now  York 
City,  JiiGOO.  Sulweribed  by  Dairymen  of  New 
York  between  one  and  two  thousand.  Vermont, 
W400  ;  I’ennsyUvinia,  Ohio,  aud  other  States  say 
i{<l,00(),  and  the  result  lias  boon  a  building 
labeled  “Scale  Works,"  and  "  BuIUt  and  Cheese 
Factory,”  Avhere  a  cheap  restaurant  has  boon 
run  all  the  season  for  tlio  benefit  of  Soinebody. 
Tho  Dairymen  of  tlio  United  Slates  havo  not 
responded  to  the  call  for  an  exhibit  of  dairy 
goods,  and  in  order  to  get  a  display  from  Noav 
York,  for  the  October  exhibit,  the  Bing  manage- 
inont  had  to  employ  an  agoiit  to  purchaso  the 
cheese  and  send  it  forward  to  the  “  model  fac¬ 
tory.” 
We  refrain  from  alluding  to  mattora  connected 
with  tho  affair  Avhieh  must  eanso  dairymen  to 
blush.  Tho  Vermont  dairymen  oAddontly  ought 
to  congratulate  thenisolA’cs  on  being  so  fortunate 
as  to  have  kept  Vermont  goods  away  from  tho 
Exhibit,  and  tho  “  Centennial  Dairy  Bing  ’’  gets 
no  sympathy  in  Vomumt. 
®I]c  Ijorscnmii. 
SUCCESS  IN  BREEDING  HORSES. 
Mark  Coalstook  contributes  a  paper  to  Wal¬ 
lace’s  Monthly,  on  thu  above  subject  from  Avhioh 
wo  condense  the  folloAving : 
Many  breeders  havo  plana  to  start  Avith,  but 
either  forgot  tlioin  at  tho  critical  moment,  or 
changu  them  so  often  tliat  their  selections  point 
to  no  clearly  defined  method.  This  is  nearly 
always  tho  experience  of  tho  novice.  Ho  is  edu¬ 
cated  only  by  experience,  and  gains  his  know¬ 
ledge  by  the  mistakes  he  finds  lie  has  made  at 
the  start. 
Hence  wo  find  many  places  Avith  a  few  choice 
animals,  and  a  large  number  of  ordinary  ones, 
that  it  would  bo  desirable  to  dis[)ose  of  could  a 
purchaser  bo  imitid,  but  Avliich  arc  gonerally 
held  -because  the  owner  dUlikes  to  face  the 
necessary  sacrifieo.  'I'he  first  loss  is  generally 
the  best  ill  Hueh  cases,  aud  tliat  fact  is  coming  to 
be  generally  understood  Avith  tho  present  depres¬ 
sion  in  the  selling  value  of  even  choice  animals. 
Where  laek  of  means  dictates  selections,  it  would 
not  appear  su  slrango  that  animals  Avanting  in 
some  of  tho  essential  qualities  for  breeding, 
sliould  be  chanced  in  the  hope  that  the  deticionoy 
may  be  couiitorbaluuced  by  other  superior  fea¬ 
tures,  and  overcome  in  a  proper  cross ;  but  Avith 
ample  means  at  command,  many  young  brecilers 
make  their  purchases  at  rauduiii,  and  completely 
squander  their  advantage, s.  Sooner  or  later 
most  of  thorn  better  their  condition  by  either 
soiling  out  onlii'oly,  or  Aveediug  out  their  stock 
and  repurchasing.  Tne  writer  has  uolioed  iu  an 
extended  observation  of  soiiio  years  past,  that 
frequently  the  poorest  heginiicrs  leave  afterwards 
become  breeders' of  cxcedent  jiulgineut.  Ex- 
porioneo  is  an  expensive  but  very  offeotnal 
teacher,  provided  the  recipient  of  the  lesson  is 
capable  of  learning.  But  there  is  noAV  and  then 
a  clear  business  mind  that  takes  up  this  subject 
of  breeding  and  makes  a  study  of  it  before  ven¬ 
turing  to  put  its  dediietioiis  into  piacliee.  Such 
iiiea  determine  Avhat  tliey  AVunt  before  they  buy 
at  all,  and  then  keep  their  aims  clearly  in  mind 
Avhile  Milocting.  They  go  straight  by  their  chart 
from  the  iirst,  and  usually  accomplish  something 
to  shoAV  for  it-  They  do  not  ail  folloAV  tho  same 
path,  or  do  they  all  aim  to  accomplish  pre- 
oiftely  the  same  object;  but.  liaviiig  thought 
far  enough  to  create  an  ideal  which  they  hope  to 
imitate,  it  generally  {lossesses  snlficLonl  merit  to 
be  of  value  Avheu  approximated,  and  hence  they 
succeed  as  breeders. 
It  is  freiiuontly  assorted  that  thovo  is  no  defin¬ 
able  Av'ay  of  breeding  that  aaIII  bring  siieoess  aui 
that  the  whole  system  is  one  of  chance,  great 
results  coming  AAhen  least  exfiectcd  and  disap- 
liointmont  follovAing  themo.il  logically-conceived 
plans.  There  is  a  greater  measure  of  truth  iu 
j  this  claim  than  even  the  most  ardent  enthusiast 
1  on  tho  subject  can  set  aside,  if  the  object  sought 
bo  profit  in  tho  iiiA'Ostment,  and  no  other  aim  in 
viuAV  in  tho  breediug  problem  tlian  tlio  bare 
question  of  trotting  spood,  and  bottom.  Tlio 
most  successful  breeders  in  this  country  produce 
ton  many  blanks  to  their  number  of  prizes  to 
keep  llio  balance  sheet  right,  unless  the  hlanks 
jjosses.s  a  valnu  Independently  of  the  question  of 
speed  t  and  Avith  the  blanks  in  tho  ratio  in  Avhieli 
they  appear  on  many  stud  farms,  it  is  a  question 
Avhelher  I  heir  disposal  is  not  a  matter  of  far 
greater  moment  in  a  rmaiicial  sen.se  tliun  Unit  of 
tlie  prizes.  It  is  the  common  experieneo  of 
breeding  on  any  eonsideniblo  scalo,  that  after  a 
fcAv  years'  trial  it  is  found  dosiriiblo  to  rodueo 
tho  mares  in  numbers  to  tho  fcAv  for  Avhich  a 
direct  nick  has  boon  found,  and  dispose  of  tlio 
others,  MO  matter  Avilh  Avluit  care  tuid  judgnimit 
tliey  Avere  originally  selected.  This  has  been 
tho  experience  at  Thorndalo,  Stmiy  Ford  and 
other  noted  estahtishments,  and  must  conlinno 
to  ho  so.  Thereroro,  ev'cry  point  Avhloh  tends  to 
produce  a  foal  salable  for  other  purposes  than 
speed,  that  can  be  coinjiassed  Avitlnnit  sacrificing 
tho  chances  of  that  most  A'aluahlo  element, 
should  receive  duo  businoss  consideration  in  se¬ 
lecting  breeding  animals,  in  order  that  tho  pro¬ 
duce  that  fails  to  come  up  to  the  .standard  may 
yet  bring  tlie  breeder  out  AvUlionI,  Jo.ss, 
- ♦♦♦ - 
THE  HORSE  PLAGUE  IN  EGYPT. 
The  Englisb  Vetoriiiariau  for  October  gives 
Momo  acixnuits  of  tho  horse  plague  iu  Egypt  from 
Avhlch  Avo  glean  that  a  virulent  form  of  authra- 
coid  disease  is  reported  to  exist  nuiong  horses  hi 
that  country.  Tho  term  “  equine  typhus"  is  ap¬ 
plied  to  tho  alTcction,  hut  there  does  not  seem  to 
bo  any  reason  for  tbo  siiggostiou  that  tho  disoaso 
is  of  tho  nature  of  typhus.  Tho  malady,  it  is  pro- 
siinied,  Avas  contraclod  during  tlio  Abyssinian 
exiiedition.  Some  of  tho  Egyptian  horses  Avhich 
accompanied  tho  expedition  Avoro  first  attacked 
at  IMassowah,  and  many  of  thorn  died,  otliors  re¬ 
covered,  and  those  or  others  Avhich  had  been 
exposed  to  tlie  affection  introduced  it  into 
Egypt.  About  tho  inontli  of  .Inly  I  bo  epizootic 
was  observed  at  Isnialia.  In  August  it  reached 
Cairo,  and  spread  rapidly  to  the  towns  of  tho 
Delta.  In  Zagazig  the  lossos  among  horses  and 
mules  have  been  oonsidorable,  and  in  the  coun¬ 
try  iiroimd  still  more  serious  rosults  of  the  pro¬ 
gress  of  tho  malady  are  reported.  The  symp¬ 
toms  are  indicative  of  cerebral  disturbance  in 
tho  first  InstanoH :  tho  animals  are  dull  and 
droAvsy,  the  hoail  is  alloAved  to  Tall  until  tlio  nose 
tmiches  the  ground,  the  ro.spirallon  becomes 
<liuok  ami  labored,  ami  iu  the  latter  stages  synii)- 
tonis  of  abdominal  pain  are  exhibikid.  J’ost- 
laortoiii  oxHininalioii  roveals  serlons  exudation 
niider  tlio  cerebral  inombrancs,  an  apoplectic 
state  of  tho  lungs,  and  engorgomout  of  tho  Avbolo 
of  the  mucous  tissno.  Effusion  into  tlio  pleural 
and  peritoneal  sacs  is  also  found.  The  liver  aud 
kidneys  are  soft,  and  tlio  mosentoric  vossols  are 
charged  Avitli  blood ;  Uiero  is  aLo,  in  most  cases, 
ovidonco  of  extonsivo  parasitic  invasion  of  the 
vascular  aud  digestive  system.  It  is  asserted 
that,  in  order  to  jiroveut  the  introduction  of  tbo 
disease  into  Eiiroiie,  no  horses  aro  alloAved  to  bo 
exported  Avlthoiit  a  special  licoiiso, 
- *•♦-* - 
A  NEW  FOOD  FOR  HORSES. 
A  NEAV  kind  of  mash  for  horses  is  hoav  coming 
into  use.  It  i.s  tlms  described  by  tlio  Califoniia 
Fiirrner : 
It  is  oomposed  of  tivo  quarts  of  oats,  one  of 
bran  and  half  a  pint  of  llax  seed.  The  oats  aro 
first  placed  iu  the  stable  bucket,  over  Avbicli  is 
placed  the  linseed ;  add  boiling  Avater,  then  tho 
oran,  covering  the  mixture  aviUi  an  old  rug  and 
alloAving  it  thus  to  lo.sl  for  five  hours  ;  thou  stir 
the  mass  avoII  up.  Tlie  bran  absorbs  Avhilo  ro- 
taliiiiig  the  vapor,  and  tho  linseed  binds  the  oats 
and  bran  together ;  a  greater  (iniintity'  of  llax- 
seed  AA'oiild  make  the  preparation  too  oily  and 
less  relished.  Giie  feed  per  day  is  sutlieieut ;  it 
IS  easily  digested,  and  is  especially  adapted  to 
young  iinimals,  adiliiig  to  tlieir  volumo  rather 
than  to  their  highl,  giving  substance  to  tho 
frame.  I’rof.  Sanson  reminds  us  not  to  overlook 
food,  iu  conneetiuu  Avith  tho  amelioration  6f 
stock.  Ho  considers  oits,  so  generally  given 
to  sheep,  as  objectionable,  and  approaching 
tho  unprofitable ;  rams  generally  receive  one 
pound  of  oats  daily,  eAve.s  lialf  the  quantity. 
Oats  forming  an  exciting  food  are  csjieeially 
suited  to  rams  during  the  season  they  aro  to 
serve,  but  for  hastening  tlie  development  of 
young  sheep,  they  only  Imild  nji  tlio  bono.s,  not 
tbo  llesh. 
Horses  in  Great  Britain. — The  number  of 
horses  in  Great  Britain  fell  from  1,1(31,0(31  in 
1860  to  1,276,111  in  1873  j  but  tho  number  has 
since  increased,  though  not  yet  equal  to  that  of 
1860;  in  1875  the  iiuinbcr  was  1,. 310, 120.  In 
Ireland,  horses  rose  from  527,218  in  1860  to  510,- 
715  iu  18|2,  but  fell  to  526,160  iu  1875.  Tho 
total  of  tbo  United  Kingdom  for  1865  Avas  1,8CG,- 
28‘J. 
