on  the  topics  specified  : — “  Breeds  of  Cows 
for  Dairy.”  Holsteins — Col.  H.  C.  Hoff¬ 
man,  of  Elmira,  N.  Y.  Short-Horns — 
n<m,  Habbts  of  Ersinkfort,  N.  Y. 
A^^Tshires — Dr.  E.  L.  Sttibtf.vant,  of 
Farminghara,  IVIass.  tlerseys — W.  Ti. 
lli'TirKicFOBo,  of  WnJdiughni,  \.  Y.  11. 
A.  Mott,  Jr.,  E.  Al.  Ph.  D.,  «if  New  A'ork 
— “Milk."  J.  M.  Pkteus,  of  New  York 
Grocer — ‘  ‘  Commerce  of  the  Dairy.  ”  Prof. 
L.  B.  Aunoi/1),  of  Bochester — “Dairy 
Products  at  the  Ceuteimial."  All  inter¬ 
ested  are  iuvihul  to  bo  pn^seut.  Dairy¬ 
men  ani  invited  to  make  an  exhibition  of 
butter  and  cheese  and  daily  ntensils,  for 
which  committees  of  award  will  be  ap¬ 
pointed. 
is  unwise.  It  is  offering  an  incentive  to 
beggary  and  paying  a  premium  for  dis¬ 
honesty.  The  charitably-intended  soup- 
houses  of  our  larger  cities  find  towns  are 
without  doubt,  as  a  rule,  curses  to  the 
oomrounitioH  in  which  they  exist.  Such 
of  our  associations  for  tlio  relief  of  the 
j)oor  ns  conduct  their  affairs  with  as  care¬ 
ful  scrutiny  as  is  )ju3Biblo,  are  constantly 
deceived,  cheated  and  swindled.  3Iany 
of  those  who  Hjijjly  for  assistance  might 
(iaru  their  li>Tug  if  they  did  not  prefer 
beggary  to  labor.  But  liow  is  one  to  de¬ 
cide  where  and  in  what  manner  to  dis¬ 
pense  such  amount  ns  can  be  readily 
spared,  so  that  it  shall  be  of  the  greatest 
service  to  others  ? 
It  is  difficult  to  give  general  rules  to 
meet  all  cBscs,  but  we  would  suggest  that 
it  is  usually  ■wise  to  hclji  those  who  arc 
willing  and  trying  to  ludi>  themselves. 
There  oi’e  many  who,  from  extravagance, 
foolish  pride  or  want  of  economy,  waste 
more  every  year  than  is  necessary  to  siiji- 
])ort  a  small  family  respcctahly.  1 1  is  this 
c.lasK  that  are  constant  borrowers  wlieu 
and  where  they  (*-1111,  and  wlio  are  offended 
if  asked  to  rotnni  the  loan.  Who  does 
not  know  them  V  With  fail*  incomes  Uicy 
never  save,  but  are  always  beliiud-hund 
with  their  payments.  Wo  have  no  sym¬ 
pathy  for  such,  and  are  inclined  hi  think 
it  not  only  unwise  but  wrong  to  lielj) 
them.  If  they  snlftsr,  so  be  it. — sej’vcH 
tliem  right.  When  they  had  the  opi>or- 
tunity  tliey  woulil  not  take  the  troubh? 
to  insui’e  tlieraselvcs  against  future  want, 
and  when  their  day  of  need  comes  otliers 
are  not  bound  by  any  law  of  justice  or 
morality  to  help  them.  If  they  have 
wasted  their  subshmee  in  riotous  living, 
let  them  for  a  wldle  subsist  upon  husks. 
Drv'KS,  ill  his  time,  feasted  while  Lazajrus 
lay  famishing  at  liis  gate  ;  Imt  afterward 
his  jirayers  for  even  a  drop  of  w'ater  went 
unanswered. 
Then?  arc  few  who  are  so  fortunate  as 
not  to  have  among  their  relatives,  friends 
or  aciiuaintauees,  desei-ving  people  who 
are  in  need  of  assistance.  Even  among 
the  provident  are  often  found  those  who 
know  the  bittemoss  of  unavoidable  ])ov- 
erty — tliose  who,  from  no  act  or  omission 
of  their  own,  are  in  circumstances  that 
make  them  ili*eiul  the  aiiproach  of  winter. 
Many  of  them  in  former  years  ma^y  have, 
lived  iu  afllueiice,  which  makes  their  jires- 
eut  condition  seem  more  unbearable.  Tliis 
class  slionld  not  bo  alloweil  Ui  ask  aid, 
but  sliould  be  solicited  to  share  your 
abundance. 
It  is  always  well,  when  possible,  to  be¬ 
stow  your  money  whore  you  can  see  that 
good  use  is  made  of  it ;  and,  ns  a  rule,  it 
is  better  to  )iay  than  to  give.  He  who 
famishes  lucrative  omiiloyment,  does  bet¬ 
ter  service  than  he  who  gives  alms.  ^  Con¬ 
tributing  to  benevoleut  institutions  is  one 
way  to  satisfy  conscience  with  but  little 
trouble  :  and  many  of  these  institutions 
are  worthy  of  supjiort.  Satisfy  yourself 
that  they  are  honestly  and  well  managed, 
and  then  give  until  you  are  satisfied. 
If  you  are  at  a  loss  what  to  do  with 
ten  or  a  hundred  dollars,  you  can  prob¬ 
ably  find  no  better  abnoner  than  your 
family  pliysician.  A  judi<*ious  doctor — 
man  or  woman — will  be  able  to  make  the 
same  amount  of  money  do  tbo  most  real 
service ;  probably  ten^imes  as  much  ns  you 
can.  Penetrating  as  they  do  into  tlie  secret 
life  of  many  families,  they  see  real  want 
and  sufieriiig  wlxere  otJiers  would  never 
imagine  it  existed,  and  such  men  ciui 
often  do  great  good  wdtli  bttle  money.  ] 
But  in  your  distribution,  remember 
the  dilTereuce  between  abns-giviug  and 
charity.  Paui.  says  : — “  Though  I  be¬ 
stow  all  my  goods  to  feed  the  poor  and 
have  not  charity”  (/,  e.,  brotherly  love) 
“it  profiteth  me  nothing.”  Antf  again, 
large  a  number  of  trees  ;  in  fact,  “  over¬ 
stocking  the  market,”  was  a  topic  fre¬ 
quently  discussed  iimong  the  Nurserymen 
of  that  day.  But  the  very  men  who  then 
were  fearful  of  the  consequences  of  plant¬ 
ing  fifty  acres  in  nursei-j',  have  siuco  in¬ 
creased  the  number  to  five  or  six  hundred 
in  some  instanoes,  and  still  find  sale  for 
all  the  stock  produce<l.  It  is  not  only 
in  Central  New  York  where  such  pro¬ 
gress  has  been  made  in  the  extending  of 
nurseries,  but  bUe  groat  cstablisbrnonts 
have  sprung  up  all  over  the  Western, 
Middle  and  Southern  States. 
The  demand  at  first,  in  all  newly-settled 
regions,  is  mainly  for  apple,  pear  and 
other  frait  toics  and  nsoful  plants ;  but 
time  and  the  improvement  in  the  financial 
condition  of  the  inhabitants,  bring  with 
them  a  desire  for  the  oniameutal,  and  the 
Nurseryman  finds  himself  compelled  to  be 
over  on  the  alert  to  meet  the  wants  of  his 
patrons.  Ho  is  now  no  longer  the  solo 
i)ossesBor  of  the  knowledge  that  a  new 
fruit  or  ornamental  plant  has  been  pro¬ 
duced  in  Europe  or  elsewhere,  or  one 
found  in  far-off  China  or  Japan,  f<jr  his 
neighbors  and  customers  have  also  heard 
and  read  ^dl  about  it  and  i>t:rhaps  booked 
it  for  tlieir  next  order,  with  thanks  to  such 
periodicals  as  the  Rubau  New-Yokkku 
and  its  numerous  able  contemporaries, 
who  note  weekly  what  is  going  ttn  in  the 
horticultural  world. 
We  might  fill  columns  in  mentioning 
the  new  fruits  and  plants  introduced  dur¬ 
ing  the  period  named,  also  give  scores 
of  amusing  and  interesting  instances  of 
personal  history  of  our  loading  Horticul¬ 
turist  ;  but  it  is,  perhaps,  enough  to  say 
that  all  have  labored  to  bring  about  the 
grand  I'csults  which  are  to  bo  seen  on  every 
side  in  the  magnificent  orchards,  splendid 
gardens  and  conserv'atories,  filletl  with  tlie 
choicest  fruits  and  flowers  that  patient  in- 
dixstry,  time,  skill  and  money  can  produce. 
XURAL  NEW-YORKER 
rUJlLISIIEI)  EVERY  SATUIlDAY 
Associate  Editor. 
ELBERT  S.  CARMAN. 
X.  A.  WILLARD,  A.  M.,  Little  Falls,  N.  Y., 
EiiITOR  09  THM  DkPARTMRNT  OF  DAIRV  HUSBANDRY, 
(J.  A.  V.  BARNETT,  l•lll)llt»her. 
Address 
RURAL  PUBLISHING  CO., 
78  Duane  Street,  New  York  City 
Aljiiiy  <Jood  Siibsoribors. — Among 
the  numerous  kind  words  of  encourage¬ 
ment  tx’ceived  by  us  eonsljintly,  come  a 
few  from  an  tippreciative  subscriber  in  tlie 
far  regfons  of  Clietopa,  Kanstis.  Hhoiihl 
each  one  of  our  readers  have  the  same  in¬ 
tentions,  the  beuelit  would  aee.riicto  them¬ 
selves,  for  w'e  hitoud  to  increa.se  the  value 
mill  intorest  of  the  Bubal  with  the  in- 
creosetl  circulation,.  See  what  is  said  : 
“Ej)S.  lli  iiAL  Nkw-Yorkru  : — 1  have 
always  tiiought  that  1  would  make  an 
eftbrfc  h»  get  np  a  club  for  the  “dear  old 
lluBAi,.”  I  am  going  to  try  if  yon  will  send 
me  the  necessary  papers.  We  liave  taken  it 
for  nine  years,  oviir  since  we  came  to  Kan¬ 
sas,  notwithstanding  the  g.  liopjiers  and 
drouth,  let  what  would  come,  the.  money 
for  our  dear  paper  nm.st  bo  hiul,  if  we  lived 
on  two  meals  per  day.— M.  J.  LK.NUMn*.” 
TABLE  OF  CONTENTS, 
I'KACTrOAL  Dkpautmkjtts: 
.Jerusoloai  A rtlcUoke,  The  ............ 
Gnisslmi’Piirs’  Convention . 
That  Corn  Horse . 
Science  In  the  Jhiiry . 
Feedlnjr  Dairy  Stock  In  Winter . 
Pliilosoph.T  ot  llairylnK . 
Ferfecti'd  nutier  Color . 
“  Coitsloek,”  Mr.  Iteldon’s  Residcncii 
l>o  Fine  Slieup  Fay  ? . 
Treutinenl  of  Shorl-Uorns . 
Tree  Novelties.... . . . 
N iirseryiiian's  oei’upution  none,  The. 
Hediro  riant.  A... . 
Chestnut,  The . . . 
JefferlH  Apple, The . 
Cions  from  Nursery  Trees . 
Mannrlm;  the  Steins  of  Apple  Trees. 
Germ  Theory  ol  Oinousc,  The . 
Do  Hees  iiathcr  Honey,  or  Make  It?. 
Grape  Sirups . 
Plant  Fertilization.. . 
Tuberose  culture  in  Georgia . . 
Aliscetlanpa . 
Kneniles  of  the  Hickory . 
Pine  Saw  Fly,  The..., . 
T.ace  . . 
Kecipes . 
Concerning  Simples— No.  1 . 
Health  at  the  Centennial . 
Physiological  ICITl'CIs  of  Quinla . 
Kditoktai.  PAue: 
Horticultural  Progress . 
Charity  and  Alms-giving . 
Notes— Brevities.. . . . 
MiseBi-LANKoes ; 
Poetry . . . 
Story . 
Fashion  .Notes . 
Selections . 
Sabbath  Unading . 
Ladies’  Portfolio . 
Reading  for  tho  Young . 
Publishers’  Notioes . 
News  or  the  'Voek . 
Alarkets . . . 
Per.sonals . 
Answers  to  Correspondents . 
Humorous . 
Advertisements . . . .  .347, 
Ov<‘rw<n’lctMl  I’hlitors. — Our  excel¬ 
lent  contemporary,  The  Prairie  Fiirmcr, 
aimonncoB  tliat  the  essays,  twelve  iu  uuiu- 
ber,  read  before  the  National  .Agricultu¬ 
ral  CongrCHH,  will  be  juiblished  in  its  col¬ 
umns,  Wo  once  heard  of  an  editor  of  a 
country  paper  who  was  always  hilt!  with 
his  copy  and,  upon  tlie  last  day,  would 
make  a  pencil  mark  around  a  whole  jiagc 
of  tho  Alhanv  Argus  and  hand  it  to  the 
forenuiii  of  Ins  composition  room  with  the 
order  to  “set  it  up.”  We  wonder  if  thi.s 
chni)  lias  moved  h>  (Jhieago? 
Poultry  Show — Cliaiigo  of  I>alc. 
Tho  Bergen  Co.  fN.  |J.)  Poultiy  Boeiety 
wall  hold  their  First  Anuual  Exhibition 
at  Hackensack,  N.  J.,  Nov.  29  JO,  instead 
of  the  22- 23d,  as  announced  in  the  TluiiArj 
October  28.  This  change  in  tho  time  of 
holding  the  Fair  has  been  made  in  onlcr 
to  1’c.cruit  the  birds  shown  at  the  Genten- 
uial  and  owned  by  Jiiembers  of  tliw  entiir- 
prising  young  Society.  Competition  open 
h)  tlie  whole  world,  and  breeders  outside 
of  tho  State  are  invited  to  send  along  their 
best  birds. 
OHAKITY  AND  ALMS-GIVING. 
“The  melancholy  days  arc  come  ;” 
the  shari>  frosts  have  played  havoc  with 
the  foliage,  and  that  which  a  few  days 
ago  W'as  bright  and  joy-giving,  is  now 
black  and  desolate  and  drear.  The  trees 
are  now  putting  off  their  gorgeous  dmpery 
of  crimson  and  gold  and  brown,  strijjping 
as  if  for  a  wrestling  match  with  the  winds 
of  winter.  The  clouds  look  cold ;  ice 
fonns  over  the  still  water ;  and  all  nature 
warns  ns  that  summer  is  jiast.  The  bees 
have  provided  their  stores  of  honey ;  the 
squirrels  are  gathering  nuts  for  future 
use  and  provident  men  have  saved  from 
their  summer  surplus,  that  whicli  will 
serve  tliem  during  tho  long,  cold  months 
that  intervene  between  now  and  another 
siiring-time. 
But  some  men  are  not  provident.  Too 
many  readily  oliey,  Eterally,  the  injunc¬ 
tion,  “Take  no  thought  for  the  morrow, 
what  ye  shall  eat,  or  what  ye  shall  driuk 
or  wherewithal  ye  shall  bo  clothed.” 
When  the  morrow  comes  they  find  them¬ 
selves  wanting  the  wherewitlial  to  meet 
its  demands  and,  in  their  necessity,  turn 
to  others  for  assistance.  The  professional 
tramp  who  has,  during  the  summer, 
subsisted  on  the  country  by  beg^ng 
or  stealing,  as  was  most  convenient 
or  least  laborious,  has  already  turned 
cityward,  scenting  from  afar,  in  imagina¬ 
tion,  the  odors  of  the  prospective  charity 
soup-kettles  ;  while  the  city  beggar,  who 
is  always  with  us,  turning  over  a  deaf  ear 
to  country  aUurements  connected,  as  they 
are,  with  so  much  muscular  energv  as  is 
necessary  to  walk  from  place  to  place — 
elongates  stiU  more  the  facial  angle,  drills 
the  laclirymose  glands  into  due  subjec¬ 
tion,  cultivates  an  additional  whine,  and 
is  ready  for  a  fresh  campaign. 
It  is* these  classes  that  dry  up  the  milk 
of  human  kindness  in  the  benevolent 
bosom.  Many  who  W'ould  willingly  re¬ 
lieve  suffering,  dread  imposition.  In  the 
oountry,  whei*e  each  man  kuow's  not  only 
his  neighbor  but  aU  the  residents  for  miles 
jirouud,  it  is  easy  to  determine  who  are 
worthy  of  assistance  ;  but  in  town,  where 
applications  for  aid  are  continually  made 
SATURDAY,  NOV.  26,  1876. 
HOETIOTJLTUEAL  PEOGKESS, 
RURAL  BREVITIES, 
Tiventy-ffv^  years  in  the  histoi’y  of 
the  wmrld  is  Init  a  very  brief  period  of 
time,  still,  like  an  additional  inch  in  the 
length  of  a  man’s  nose,  it  amounts  to  con¬ 
siderable  wdien  talten  from,  or  added  to, 
tho  life  of  a  human  being.  The  same 
truth  holds  good  in  taking  a  retrospective 
view  of  the  developments  and  progress 
made  in  the  various  industries  of  our  coun¬ 
try*  diu'iug  the  past  quarter  of  a  ceuturj*, 
and  perhaps  in  none  is  it  more  manifestly 
apparent  than  in  Horticultm-e.  It  is  true, 
how’ever,  that  w’e  cannot  claim  to  have 
made  any  wonderful  discoveries,  by  the 
aid  of  which  plants  may  be  multiplied 
with  the  same  celerity  as  signals  ai*e  sent 
by  telegraph  ;  but  tlie  general  dissemina¬ 
tion  of  horticultural  information  among 
the  masses  has  kept  pace  with  the  pro¬ 
gress  made  in  other  departments  of  science 
and  art. 
The  various  operations  which  w'ere  for¬ 
merly  supposed  to  be  the  peculiar  secrets 
of  the  horticultural  fraternity — such  as 
grafting,  budding,  propagating  by  cut¬ 
tings  of  roots,  rijie  and  green  w*ood,  cross¬ 
ing  and  hybridizing — are  now  the  common 
property  of  one  and  aU  who  will  take  the 
trouble  to  read  the  works  published  on 
these  subjects. 
Thventy-five  years  ago  the  great  nurs¬ 
eries  of  Central  New  York,  located  at 
Syracuse,  Bochester,  Geneva  and  through¬ 
out  the  entii'e  region  of  country  extending 
from  iUbany  to  Buffalo,  were  but  mere 
embryos  of  w'hat  they  have  since  become. 
The  man  who  at  that  time  had  his  ten 
acres  of  apple  or  pear  trees,  was  fearful 
that  he  could  not  find  a  market  for  so 
A.  D.  F. — What  did  lo  die  of  ?  Iodide  of  ixi- 
tassiuin,  to  be  sure  I 
Wanted. — A  gardener  sufficiently  muscular  to 
“  lay  out”  our  grounds. 
Why  is  a  retired  juigilist  like  a  preacher  ?  Jle- 
caUBo  ho  is  an  expounder. 
Amkrioan  apples— especially  Newton  jiipjiiuB 
and  tho  Lady  apple — are  i*eported  to  have  luitdo 
their  appearance  in  Coveut  (.i  anion  31arket, 
London. 
The  British  dairymen’s  organ,  tho  Loudon 
Milk,  is  not  a  mUk-aud-water  sheet.  A  good 
serial  for  this  paper  would  bo  tho  “  Cow  with  tho 
iron  tail.” 
Li  Po’a  idea  of  tho  result. — ‘*  Onepicceoman, 
all  samoQ  Tiujen  oly.  Hi,  my  catclioo  'lection  ! ' 
’Ihibliciiu  men  talkeo  joss-words,  *  Daum,  no  can 
be— ’lithmetic  man  mukee  0  x  0—0  ?  1  Mu  /to 
can  telL!" 
A  Word  to  Editors. — Wo  are  bapjiy  to  see 
OUT  numerous  frieuds  of  the  frateruiLy  giving 
full  appreciation  to  the  original  matter  iu  tlie 
Rural,  by  reprinting  ;  but  would  it  uot  be  better 
to  give  credit  occasionally  ? 
A  New  Featdrf,  of  the  Rural  will  be  an 
Index  of  New  Advertisements  on  another  page 
and  ujxm  this  page  another  Index  to  tho  read¬ 
ing  matter.  These  will  enable  the  reader  to  turn 
easily  to  that  part  of  the  paper  in  which  he  is 
most  interested.  We  hope  this  will  be  a  perma¬ 
nent  improvement. 
A  Special  Ofteb  of  the  Artichokes  described 
and  illustrated  in  this  issue,  will  be  found  in  the 
’•  Publipueb's  Notices.”  As  our  male  sub- 
scribei's  have  made  complaints  of  being  slightod 
iu  tbo  matter  of  specif  offers,  they  would  do 
well  to  exainiuo  this  one.  It  is  at  the  Ixiltoni  of 
tho  coliium  headed  as  above. 
Mr.  Wm.  11.  Uakhos  is  trying  to  prove  the 
efficacy  of  rotation.  Jliiving  been  for  a  long 
time  of  the  lirni  of  Petek  IIexderhox  (kx, 
the  celebrated  seodsmeu,  bo  bus  uo'V  started  tlie 
RURAL  NOTES 
State  I>airyiiieu’s  A.ssociatioii. 
Tlie  Sixth  Annual  Convention  of  the  New 
York  State  Dairymen’s  Association,  and 
Board  of  Trade,  will  be  held  at  tlie  Acad¬ 
emy  of  Music,  Elmii’a,  on  aWedniisday 
and  Thursday,  Dec.  13-11.  In  selecting 
Elmira  as  tho  place  of  meeting  tlie  Exec¬ 
utive  Comniittoo  were  guided  by  a  desii’e 
to  acconimodate  the  dairymen  of  the 
sonthcru  tier  of  counties.  The  progi’amme 
is  as  follows  Opening  aildress  Ijy  the 
President,  X  A.  Wlllabd.  The  follow¬ 
ing  gentlemen  will  read  papers,  or  speak 
by  entire  strangers,  it  is  impossible  to  | 
detect  impostors.  Some  say,  “  Give 
whenever  you  can — your  reward  will  be 
for  your  good  intentions.”  But  indis¬ 
criminate  alms-giving  is  as  injurious  as  it 
