362 
THE  Byj?AL  WEW-YOBKEB. 
iflorixultural. 
SUGGESTIONS. 
Ik  I.ily  bedw,  ra*  tliofio  of  horbaoeoiiR  poron- 
uialH,  are  so  low  tliat  they  will  hold  water  when 
(ho  proiind  heeomos  frozen,  th(!y  slionld  b<i  filled 
up  above  (he  surromidiug  level.  For  Lily  beds 
iiothinK  is  better  for  this  juujiose  than  frosh- 
wator  nmok  and  sand,  or  leuf-inol<l  and  sand, 
well  mixed  together.  We  are  conviticed  from 
experience <hat  a  soil  thus  constituted  is  one  of 
the  best  for  most  of  oiir  hardy  Lili<;8,  but  espe¬ 
cially  for  such  as  nurntmn,  Olutlrvilonioaiii., 
Wafihhiijtonianum,  IfumhoUUi,  and  others  (hut 
seem  less  vigorous  in  this  climale  than  such  as 
the  /<pomomims,  lonffiflorwns,  uinlM’Uolutiix,  e(e. 
For  TrilmnfiH,  those  showiest  of  f.al)  I.ilies.  we 
again  call  attention  to  our  simple  but  elTetrtual 
method  of  earrjTng  tliom  through  (ho  wilder 
out  oL doors,  viz.,  forming  a  little  hill  of  long 
horse  raauuro  about  each  plant,  and  covering  this 
wth  coarse  sand.  'J'he  long  loaves  may  be  cut 
off  near  the  ground  or  twisted  togedher  in  a  cen¬ 
tral  column. 
It  is  w’cll  to  detach  all  Vines  from  tlieir  sup¬ 
ports,  the  branches  of  which  are  liable  to  he 
winter-killed— and  few  arc  not— and  either  coil 
or  collect  them  in  as  small  a  compass  as  may  he 
and  cover  with  boards,  barrels,  boxes,  or,  in  the 
absence  of  these,  hay,  straw,  or  litter.  Slielter 
from  the  suii  and  winds  is  the  main  object  we 
need  have  in  view.  Many  hardy  plants  need 
shelter  only  from  the  sun,  and  for  this  purpose 
boatds  or  boxes  may  ho  preferred  t<j  a  closer 
covering.  Wo  have  kuo\m  Die  Chinese  Honey¬ 
suckle  and  the  Ivy  to  ho  Idllcd  to  the  ground  in 
^direct  Soidhoru  exposure,  while  they  wore  nn- 
haniiod  in  a  Northern  one,  prnteoted  in  neither 
case.  'J'he  rationale  of  protecUon,  in  fact,  seems 
to  us  to  be  but  imi>erfectly  tindcrstood.  Wo 
have  for  a  long  (ime  helieved  that  the  Rose 
bushes  and  other  siirnhs  whicli  are  incased  every 
fall  in  cones  of  straw,  tiglitly  hound,  might  bet¬ 
ter  be  left  entirely  exposed.  If  so,  a  great  deal 
of  trouble  and  (ime  might  Lave  been,  and  might 
bo,  saved. 
In  detaching  WMarUta,  ('Ununlia  and  (lie  like, 
it  is  diflicnlt  to  avoid  breaking  main  stems  if  the 
Vines  have  been  permitted  to  intertwine  among 
themselves  or  about  the  trellis  or  aupjwrt.  A 
little  attention  to  training  Diom  as  they  grow 
during  the  summer  will  remedy  this  in  a  measure. 
For  collections  of  AViododcndro/i.’f,  Kaluiios, 
Madouin.t  and  oUier  broad -leaved  evergreens, 
shelter  from  strong  winds  and  a  thick  matting 
of  loaves  u[«on  the  ground  up  about  the  stems 
to  the  lower  hranohes  are  serviceable  in  protect¬ 
ing  both  roots  and  buds. 
If  now  slu'ubs  and  trees  have  been  determined 
upon  for  Hjiring  jilanting,  it  is  well  to  conclude 
whore  they  shall  ho  iilanted  and  to  dig  the 
holes  now.  Reject  the  poor  soil  from  tho  bottom 
and  atld  such  as  may  bo  obtained  of  a  suitable 
nature,  always  bearing  in  mind  that  maiime 
must  not  he  used  near  the  roots  of  newly-trans- 
plajittxl  subjects. 
As  tho  earth  will  freeze  whether  it  is  covered 
or  not,  the  object  in  covering  is  not  to  prevent 
its  frcezijig  so  much  as  to  keep  it  frozen  and  to 
avoid  the  effects  of  short  and  sudden  changes  in 
tho  temperature.  It  is  not,  therefore,  advisable 
to  use  protecting  rnatoi'ial  until  after  or  during 
the  first  eold  un.ap. 
It  is  a  good  plan  to  procure  a  quantity  of  good 
soil  and.  scalding  or  baking  it  if  preferred,  place 
it  in  the  cellai-  for  winter  use.  It  is  also  a  good 
plaji  to  O-xpress  Die  juice'bf  horse  manure  whicli 
has  been  soaked  in  water  for  a  few  days  and  col¬ 
lect  it  in  old  bottles.  A  tablcspoonful  of  this 
added  to  a  quart  of  water  and  used  every  week 
or  so  will  furnish  all  the  stimulant  that  plants 
require. 
The  long  boxes  used  by  nurserymen  for  pack¬ 
ing  treos,  a  foot  or  more  square,  or  similar  boxes, 
are  excellent  for  wintering  such  plants  as  Pelar- 
(joiiiUfiiH,  Aijaiics,  AnapanthuH,  Aniaryllin  Fti/- 
lotO-  purpuiYn,  J'Jrythi'iiiait.  Kiicah/piti,  Ifi/dran- 
<jc(i!^,  etc.  Raise  Die  .boxes  from  contact  with 
the  Cttliai'  tloor,  make  a  two-inch  layer  of  sand, 
then  place  the  plants  and  fill  up  with  sand  that 
is  neither  dry  nor  wet.  Thus  they  may  be  loft 
until  spring  if  Die  cellar  is  of  medium  dryness. 
We  hope  that  our  friends  wiU  give  more  time 
and  thought  to  flow'crs  during  the  long  period 
from  now  till  spring  than  ever  before.  Those 
who  arc  niiablo  to  obtain  books  may  easily  ob¬ 
tain  catalogues,  many  of  whioh  are  little  less 
than  lloricultmal  or  nrboricultural  works  of  prac¬ 
tical  and  trustworthy  utility. 
- - 
DOCTORING  PLANTS. 
The  iinpatiouce  of  many  ardent  floriculturists 
ill  their  first  efforts,  reminds  one  of  little  cliil- 
drcii  who  must  needs  pull  up  Uieir  plants  every 
day  or  two  Di  find  out  why  they  don't  grow. 
Fha-iciiltural  books  are  collected  in  numbers 
and  by  a  “  eraimuiug'’  pixice.ss  their  conte  nts  are 
piled  up  in  heaps  with  all  the  hasto  with  which 
valuable  articles  are  thrown  together  when  res¬ 
cued  from  Die  flames  of  a  burning  building. 
Tliis  miscollaneons  pile  of  in  formation  is  heajicd 
uixm  the  first  jilant  that  winks  and  if,  in  the 
course  of  a  few  mimitos,  it  doesn’t  begin  to 
bloom  or  its  groivtb  can't  be  measured  with  a 
tape-line,  it  is  subjected  to  a  regular  and  heroic 
course  of  treatment.  A  little  liquid  manure  or 
‘'special  fertilizer”  in  powders  or  perhaps  a 
dose  of  tobacco,  hellebore,  whale-oil  soap  or 
carbolic  acid,  one  or  all,  are  a<hnini^tered.  Por- 
hajis  the  soil  i«  soaked  with  lirao-water  and  if  in 
an  hour  or  so  no  visible  improvement  be  apiiarent, 
fresh  soil  and  a  shift  to  a  larger  jiot  are  deemed 
noc^oBsary.  Thou  tho  loaves  are  sponged  and  alco¬ 
hol  or  enu  df  roktgne  is  blown  .at  them  through 
atomizers  and.  in  short,  tho  poor  plant  is  doc¬ 
tored  to  death 
Impatience  in  Die  too  zealous  beginner  is  one 
of  the  most  prolific  sources  of  faUnro.  Flori- 
enltiiro  is  not  such  a  purely  mechanic  art  that 
one  should  deem  himself  master  of  it  after  hav¬ 
ing  studied  a  few  rules  gleaned  from  this,  that 
and  the  other  catalogue  and  book.  Bach  rules 
may  he  cxciollcnt — but  a  degree  of  practice  is 
reijuirod  to  dokmiino  when  and  how  far  tiiey 
are  fitted  to  the  caHO  in  hand.  A  theoretical 
knowlixlge  atone  of  plant  culDvaDon  is  good ;  a 
practical  knowledge  is  better.  Rut  both  should 
go  hand  in  hand  at  (ho  least  nntU  by  their  mutual 
assistance,  a  somid  rudimentai'y  knowledge  is 
obtained  that  shall  easily  discriminate  between 
tho  true  and  false,  as  in  the  future  one's  studies 
may  be  iiushcd  far  beyond  his  opportunities  of 
procDoal  tests. 
Wo  advise  our  zealous  beginners  resolutely  to 
refrain  from  “  doctoring  ”  their  plants  if  they 
would  avoid  discouraging  failures.  A  little  com¬ 
mon  sense  will  oojistiUito  them  telcrablo  nurses.  | 
and  it  is  the  simple  care  Dms  implied  —  call 
it  gift,  tact,  skill  or  what  you  may — that  enables 
many  who  jirof essodJy  know  nothing  about  plants 
to  obtain  hotter  results  tliau  oDicrs  who  parade 
their  botanical  information,  and  are  ever  pleased 
at  the  opjKirlunity  of  glibly  rattling  off  an  os¬ 
tensibly  onlimitod  steiug  of  hard  Latin  names. 
“Tell  mo"  asks  Mrs,  Floribimdibus  of  Mrs. 
Rrowii  “  how  it  is  that  yonr  PfJwjcmivTns,  liuri- 
vnrdM.’i,  CnniellifDt,  Asjtidisfrn.^,  Cycinmciis.  fiC. 
thrive  so  eharniiiigly  ?  And  yo)i  have  but  this 
octagon  window'  -while  1  have  a  conservatary 
heabid  by  stoam,  fumigated  jH'riodically  and 
cared  for  according  (o  (he  latest  instructions  of 
professional  num.  And  got  in  comiiarison  with 
yours,  how  w’rotchodly  my  plants  look !  Fray  tell 
me  your  secret.’’  Alack  I  Mrs.  Brown  is  consoious 
of  doing  so  httlo  to  her  idants  that  she  can  make 
no  answer  that  in  any  w.ay  enlightens  her  friend 
FIorihundibuH.  Tho  fact  is-  A  good  nurse  is 
better  thau  a  b!id  doclui'. 
Ax  Old  Gardexkil 
MISCELLANEA. 
Tiutom.a  Uv.aiu.\.— Wo  saw  this  plant  a  few 
days  ago  blooming  under  gkass  where  tlie  sun 
never  touches  it.  The  fiowers,  instead  of  being 
fiamo-colorcd  above  and  yellow  beneath,  were  all 
of  a  bright  lemon. 
EXCHANGE. 
I  WILL  send  Aster  and  Euphorbia  seeds  in  ox- 
cliango  for  almost  any  kind  of  seeds  your  readers 
may  see  fit  to  send  me.  Will  take  Dahlia  roots 
in  exchange  next  sirring. — Riurw'xiE,  Calskill, 
X.  r..  P.  O.  box  25H. 
'loiiioio^ical, 
HALF  S'WEET  AND  HALF  SOUR  APPLES. 
The  “half  sweet  and  half  sour  apple”  is 
again  heard  from.  This  time  it  does  not  come 
in  quite  so  “  questionable  a  shape”  a.s  hereto¬ 
fore.  I  almost  saw  this  “great  wonder.”  It 
had  only  just  been  eate-u  when  I  called  to  see  it. 
The  follow'ing  from  the  Syracuse  Standard  gives 
a  full  description  “  how  the  thing  was  done :’’ 
Bcvoral  years  ago,  Mr.  George  Wilkiusun,  of 
Lee,  Oneida  County,  tried  anovel  experiment  on 
one  of  hU  young  ajiple  trees.  Takiug  the  graft, 
ha  quartered  it  and  absUactod  two  quarters, 
supplying  tho  vacant  places  with  gratis  from 
another  tree  of  a  differenl  species.  For  instance, 
taking  a  greening  graft  he  cut  away  half  of  itj 
supplying  the  deficiency  with  grafts  from  a  Tail- 
man  sweet,  and  awaited  the  rosnlt  in  (ho  npe 
fniit.  Ordinarily,  one  or  tho  other  graft  comes 
out  ahead  in  (he  proiTCSs  of  development :  tint, 
in  Dlls  instance,  the  result  lias  been  the  ]iroduc- 
liou  of  an  apple  showing  the  distinct  qualities  of 
both  Bjiccies  aud  in  distinct  parts  of  tho  ripe 
fruit.  AVe  were  shown,  recenUy,  by  Air.  Perry, 
of  the  firm  of  Perry  A  Robimsou,  ’a  couple  of 
these  apples.  Tho  oxtewior  a])poai'anco  wa.s  ])e- 
culiar,  in  that  two  quarters  prcioutod  a  •' rosy- 
cheeked”  appearance,  indicating  tho  Tallman 
sweet  graft,  whilo  tho  other  two  quarters  were 
grocn.  the  result  of  the  greening  ”  half  of  tho 
graft.  The  interior  appeuraucc  did  not  indicate 
the  different  cliaracleristios  in  such  a  luaiked 
degree.  Ruttlio  taste  of  boDi  kinds  of  ajiplos 
was  preserved.  Tho  e.vpunmcut  was  a  novel  one 
and  Dio  result  ditto. 
In  case  the  Rcrai.  doubts  the  above  state¬ 
ment,  I  am  promised  that  a  sample  of  the  apple 
described  shall  lx;  sent  yon  for  examiuation,  as 
tho  tree  produced  nine  bushels. 
I  understand  that  the  same  man  has  produced 
a  seedUess  apple,  by  setting  a  cion,  top  down.  I 
suppose  that  tho  cion  became  so  “bewildered” 
by  being  set  in  that  uncommon  manner  that  it 
did  not  know  how  to  produce  seeds.  Tho  great¬ 
est  wonder  is  that  the  apple  was  not  reversed 
and  grow  from  the  blossom  end. 
Syracuse,  N.  Y.  Nrusom  Ritter. 
I  We  never  doubted  the  existence  of  the  “  sweet 
and  sour  "  apple,  for  it  has  been  as  familiar  to 
IIS  as  tho  Rhode  Island  Greening,  from  our  boy- 
liood  up  to  tho  present  time.  Forty  years  ago 
Diero  were  old  trees  of  this  variety  in  the  or¬ 
chards  of  Western  New  York,  where  we  first  be¬ 
came  personally  acquainted  wiDi  it;  but  tho 
apples  were  seldom  “half  sweet  and  half  sour,” 
hut  kind  o’  hit  and  miss  style,  some  streaks  be¬ 
ing  of  a  sweet  tart  aud  others  a  little  more  acid. 
(See  Downing’s  Fruits  of  America,  'Warder  on 
Apples,  Thomas’  American  Fruit  Cnltnrists,  or 
any  other  sDindurd  pomological  work.)  The 
man  who  claims  to  have  produced  Uiis  variety  of 
applo,  iu  tho  nianiior  described  above,  is  simply 
asserting  what  he  will  find  it  difiicult  to  prove. 
Besides,  it  was  well  known  before  tho  oldest  pres¬ 
ent  inhabitant  of  this  mundane  sphere  was  born. 
— Ed.  Rural.] 
- - --***- - 
THE  PINNEO  PEAR  AGAIN. 
This  is  one  of  tho  American  pears  which  has  a 
history  of  more  than  oi'dinary  interest,  conse¬ 
quently,  it  is  well  to  roiieat  it  occasionally  in 
order  to  keep  oiir  young  orohardists  informed  as 
to  what  has  been  done  in  Dio  way  of  "  coining  ” 
now  sorts  out  of  old  ones.  Wo  well  remember 
the  time  when  small  ti'ees  of  (lie  Boston,  alias 
Pinnoo,  sold  quite  readily  at  from  two  to  five 
dollars  each  and  everybody  who  piirchasod  one 
thought  he  was  getting  somothing  new'.  But 
wo  will  let  a  corrospoudent  of  the  American 
Agriculturist  toll  the  story  of  this  now  famous 
pear  iu  his  ow'n  way  : 
As  one  ©f  Die  duDea  of  tho  Centennial  year, 
we  recenUy  paid  a  visit  to  the  I’iunoo  pear  tree, 
it  being  among  tho  oldest  inhabitants  of  Die 
Nutmeg  State.  It  still  lives  in  a  green  old  ago, 
upon  the  farm  of  Edward  M.  Clark,  in  the  town 
of  Columbia,  and  is  reputed  to  be  about  HO 
years  old.  tt’lio  si<em  of  the  tree  is  two  feet  or 
more  in  diameter,  and  still  bearK  fruit.  It  is 
quite  widely  .distributed  Dirongh  Columbia  and 
the  arljacent  towns  aud  has  had  a  good  local 
reputation  for  a  century  or  more.  Notwith¬ 
standing  the  inteoduction  of  now  varittics 
through  tho  influence  of  our  hortieultnrnl  socie¬ 
ties  and  publicaDoiifl,  it  still  maintaius  its  place 
as  a  first  rate  summer  fruit.  The  history  of 
this  excellent  pear  show's  tho  groat  progress  wo 
have  made  in  horticultural  matters.  It  lay 
buried  iu  Couneetleut  for  a  whole  century, 
before  it  was  made  known  to  the  iiublic.  It  was 
grown  ill  such  abundance,  that  the  farmers  sent 
their  surplus  fruit  to  Hartford,  aud  from  tlmt 
city  it  was  sent  to  Boston,  where  the  iiooplo 
know  w'hat  fine  fruit  is.  C.  M.  Hovey  got  hold 
of  it  iu  1843,  oxhiliitod  it,  grafted  it,  and  intro¬ 
duced  it  to  mirsoiymen  and  fruit-growers  as  the 
“Boston”  pear. 
Fifty  years  before,  Edmund  Yeomans,  a  dis¬ 
criminating  niirserman  of  Columbia,  and 
familiarly  know'u  as  Uncle  Ned  Icomans,  had 
propagated  and  sold  the  same  variety  named 
after  tho  elder  Deacon  Piuueo,  who  found  the 
seedling  in  the  woods  and  traneplantod  it  to  his 
garden.  It  is  unquestionably  a  seedling, '  for 
the  suckers  from  the  roots,  when  transplanted, 
as  many  of  Dioni  liave  been,  bear  tho  same  fruit 
as  tho  b  ee.  At  the  present  day,  with  otu'  horti- 
cnltmal  and  agricnltnral  journals,  onr  fruit 
exhibitions,  in  almost  every  county  in  tho  older 
Biates,  and  the  American  I’omological  Socloty, 
to  gather  up  re.sults,  and  winnow  tho  chaff  from 
the  wheat,  such  a  history  as  this  would  be  quite 
impossible.  The  world  does  move. 
PROTECTION  AGAINST  RABBITS. 
As  tho  winter  .approaches,  the  orchardist,  in 
regions  where  rabbits  abound,  will,  If  ho  is  a 
careful  man,  take  some  precautionary  measures 
to  protect  Ilia  trees  from  the.se  pests. 
There  are  many  things  which  may  be  applied 
tel  the  stems  of  the  trees  which  will  prevent  their 
attacks,  among  which  we  will  name  a  few : 
Sulphur,  soot  aud  Umo,  made  nto  a  thin  jiaste 
and  sjjread  over  Die  bark,  is  an  excellent  iu'l- 
VGutive,  as  the  rabbits  have  no  liking  for  such  a 
mixture.  Cow  manure  and  lime  w  ill  answer  the 
same  purpose,  but  must  be  applied  pretty  thick 
aud  well  spi'eail  on  Die  bark.  When  tar  can  bo 
had,  it  may  be  spread  upon  conunon  brown 
paper,  the  latter  wrapped  around  the  stem— Die 
tai'  side  out.  Coarse  strips  of  bark  from  some 
forest  trees  form  an  excellent  griaid,  if  placed 
around  the  stem  and  held  iu  plauo  with  strong 
cord  or  wire. 
Some  such  precautionary  measures  should  be 
practiced  in  regions  where  mice  and  rabbits  are 
plentifid.  and  if  it  were  done,  wo  would  bear  less 
of  girdled  apple  trees,  which,  by  the  way,  is  a 
vei'y  common  complaint  every  spring.  A  word 
to  the  wise  should  be  sufficient  on  this  subject. 
(fiitomolotiical, 
CONFERENCE  OF  GOVERNORS  ON  THE 
GRASSHOPPER  SCOURGE. 
The  conferencti  recently  held  at  Omaha  to 
consider  tho  grassliopper  problem,  was  attended 
by  Oov.  J,  B.  Pillsbury,  aud  bis  private  Becretary 
Pennock  I’usey,  and  Prof.  A.  AVhifnian,  of  Min¬ 
nesota ;  Gov.  Kirkwood,  of  lowaj  Gov.  John  L. 
Pomiiuglon,  of  Dakota ;  Oov.  C.  A.  Harden,  and 
Prof.  0.  V.  Riley,  of  Missomi  ;  Prof.  G.Tliomas, 
of  Illinois,  who  represented  Gov.  .Tohn  L. 
Beveridge ;  flov.  Osborn,  of  Kansas ;  Gov. 
Silas  A.  Garber,  ox- Gov.  R.  W.  Funias,  Profs. 
Wilber  and  WilJinuiH,  of  Noliraska. 
l''roiii  Die  roports  of  Die  proceedings  appearing 
in  the  Western  Uuni.1,  we  give  a  few  absteaets. 
The  opening  address  was  made  by  Gov.  Pills- 
nuRY  of  Minnesota,  who  recommended  that  the 
Governors  of  the  Btates  represented  should  join 
iu  appealing  to  the  General  Government  for  aid 
iu  making  wni'  against  this  great  scourge  of  the 
west. 
Prof.  Tiki^ha.s  of  Illinois  followed  in  stating  it 
as  his  belief  that  the  aid  of  Government  should 
be  obtained  to  secure  a  tliorongh  investigation 
into  the  historv'  of  Die  insect  in  order  to  know 
bow  best  to  combat  it  successfully  :  He  said  that 
the  locust  is  a  national  insect  and  a  national 
plague. 
Gov.  Pennington  Oiought  that  the  cultivation 
of  crops  that  mature  early  was  advisalile.  Tho 
Icsiusts  cornu  from  as  far  north  its  Die  British 
possessions.  Tho  evil  was  widespread,  and  so 
seiTous  as  to  warrant  an  appeal  to  Congress. 
Even  if  no  relief  be  obtaimvl,  much  knowledge 
would  result  from  .a  scientific  commlssiuii. 
Gov.  Hardin  thought  that  it  was  Die  duty  of 
CongroBH  to  take  suuie  |>art  in  an  effort  to  miti¬ 
gate  so  great  an  evil ;  it  is  a  oommon  evil  extend¬ 
ing  over  large  ixirtious  of  a  number  of  Btalcs. 
The  Depai’tmcnt  of  Agriculture  should  gather 
iuformaDoii  iu  regiU'd  to  it.  He  Dmnght  Uiatlie 
should  make  some  suggestions  In  Missouri,  and 
perhaps  apjsiint  cvimuissiviici's  U)  destroy  tho 
insects.  It  was  a  great  evil,  and  it  was  almost  a 
military  duty  to  destroy  Diem. 
J’rof.  C.  V.  Riley  (who  has  done  more  than 
all  others  in  the  iuvustigHUuu  of  this  locust 
pbguo),  said  that  the  home  of  tho  locusts 
was  in  Dakota,  in  tho  far  NorUiwest  and  in  tho 
luouutaiu  regions.  Ho  thought  Congross  should 
urge  organization,  aud  furnish  means  to  coinbiuo 
aud  destroy  ihe  young  imiects  in  the  Spring. 
Through  tho  Goveruors  of  the  .States  a  liounty 
might  be  offered  per  bushel  for  eggs ;  this  would 
he  money  well  sjient.  Orgauized  effort  should 
oortaliily  be  made,  and  Die  Governors  might  ap- 
IKiint  men  of  knowledge  Diis  Winter  to  locate 
their  breeding  places  and  iHkc  iiieuns  to  destroy 
them  in  the  Bpring,  AV'ith  a  iiucroscupic  exam- 
imitiou  ahuo.st  any  one  coidd  determine  their 
condition.  If  Dio  Winter  was  sevoro  their  eggs 
probably  w'ould  become  addled  and  not  much 
trouble  would  ensue.  Ditching  was  tho  most 
valuable  means,  aud  it  should  be  carried  out  on  a 
systemaDc  scale.  I’coplc  should  be  orgauized  in 
every  district  in  Dio  West,  and  whUo  ho  was  not 
afraid  of  future  evils,  yet  it  w'as  nocessary  to  act 
iu  concert.  The  unfledged  insect  could  not 
travel  more  thau  four  or  five  miles  during  its 
brief  period  of  five  or  fix  weeks.  He  urged  tho 
steps  suggested  above  to  bo  taken  Dus  Winter, 
also  to  examine  the  ground  in  tbeir  native  beath. 
The  uaUou  owes  it  to  the  West  to  secure  this 
infonnaUou.  Congress  does  not  comprehend 
tho  magnitude  of  this  question.  Tho  devasta¬ 
tions  of  this  plague  are  Dio  most  imixirtaut  and 
extensive  in  tho  country.  He  insisted  first  of  all 
that  the  settlers  should  not  leave  the  West  by 
any  nieans.  The  insect  will  ce.aso  to  trouble ;  it 
,B  not  an  annual  plague. 
■  Gov.  I’illsbm-y's  recommendations  were  read 
to  the  conference  by  I’onuock  I’usey,  his  Secre¬ 
tary.  They  are  Ist,  Crushing  by  rollers,  etc., 
aud  catcluiig  them  by  bags  and  Daps  during 
maUug,  when  by  reason  of  their  inactive  condi¬ 
tion  they  may  be  destroyed.  They  arc  in  this 
condition  from  Die  middle  of  .augast  nnDl  cold 
weather.  2d,  Plowing  under  deojily  of  eggs  and 
thorough  harrowing  of  bare,  diy  knolls  and 
other  small,  warm  spots  where  they  are  deposited, 
which  de.sUoys  then'  gei’minating  power.  New 
broaliing  being  a  favorite  resort  for  egg  deposits, 
Diis  is  available  in  f^ie  oriUnary  course  of  farm 
work,  which  should  be  delayed  to  as  late  in  the 
Fall  as  practicable,  fid,  Preserving  prairie  grass 
DU  Spring,  by  means  of  lire  guards  aloug  town¬ 
ship  boundaries  by  plowed  strips  or  wide  paral¬ 
lel  furrows,  and  the  careful  burning  of  the  iuter- 
vemng  spaces.  The  burning  of  the  grass  with 
the  young  grasshoppers  in  the  Spring,  is  a  very 
effectual  means  of  wholesale  dostrucDou.  4th 
