452 
[March 
could I find more than one transverse impression on the 13th antennal 
joint of any 9 spongijica or 9 inanis, though I carefully examined all 
my specimens while they were alive for that express purpose, and have 
verified the fact in the dried specimen. Both here and in the case of 
C. q. palustris {Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. I, pp. 63 & 251) Baron Osten 
Sacken seems to have been led into error by supposing that in the 
typical Cynipide the antennae 9 ought to have as many joints as the 
antennae % . 
Two problems still remain to be solved, one of which I will myself 
endeavor to investigate in the coming season, and to the other T earn¬ 
estly invite the attention of European entomologists. 
1st. What, if any, is the generative function of aciculata ? 
2nd. Are Hartig’s agamous species dimorphous forms, like aciculata^ 
of some known or unknown bisexual species ? 
In regard to the first question T have shown above that spongifica 
% 9 , which come out in June, only live 6 or 8 days, and it is therefore 
utterly improbable that % spongijica should survive till October, so as 
to copulate with 9 aciculata that appear in that month, and still more 
improbable that it should survive till the following spring, so as to 
copulate with the aciculata that pass the winter inside of the gall. What 
place in Nature, then, does aciculata fill, or does it fill no place at all? 
I can only guess, on the analogy of x\pis, Bombus, &c., that aciculata 9 
generates galls which produce by parthenogenesis % spongijica exclu¬ 
sively, and that 9 9 spongijica coupling in June with these S % ovi¬ 
posit in the same month in the young buds of the oak, the eggs lying 
dormant till the following spring, when some of the eggs produce 9 
spongijica in June and some 9 aciculata in the autumn or early in the 
following spring, which last in their turn, as before mentioned, gene¬ 
rate % spongijica to appear in the following June. It may also be the 
case that some few % spongijica are generated by 9 spongifica. By 
this arrangement the life of aciculata frbm egg to imago would be 16— 
22 months, and of spongijica S generally 8—2 months, while that of 9 
sqwngijica., and perhaps occasionally of % spongijica, would be 12 months. 
We know that the small 9 of Bombus generates by parthenogenesis an 
autumnal crop of % Bombus, for the assertion of that most inaccurate 
writer St. Fargeau, that there is a summer brood of small % Bombus, 
which copulates with small 9 Bombus, is contrary to the authority of 
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