484 
[March 
be seen with difficulty. On cutting into one of them in the field that 
I had noticed to be bored, I discovered that besides the central cells, 
which were empty, there were other cells near the exterior surface 
tenanted by living larvae apparently cynipidous. Hence I conclude 
that these last are the larvae of guest gall-flies, and that the true 
maker of the gall, which I have little doubt is pezomachoides 0. S., 
had come out in the preceding autumn or winter. Baron Osten Sack- 
en’s species came out January 7 or later, in the latitude of Washington 
and Philadelphia, and the nearly allied forticornis n. sp., the presumed 
architect of the gall q. ficus Fitch, comes out in November and Decem¬ 
ber in the latitude of Connecticut, as we know from the observations of 
Mr. Bassett already recorded. As I find that nearly all the galls of 
q. tuber Fitch, are bored in the winter, and as I have recently noticed 
many of them which, although bored, contained living larvae, appa¬ 
rently Cynipidous, in February, I infer that the maker of that gall also 
comes out in the autumn and the guest gall-fly in the following spring; 
and the same is probably the case with the maker of the gall q. p dulse 
Walsh, except that that species appears to come out in the autumn in 
the larva state and go underground for the winter, instead of coming- 
out at once in the imago state. 
GtALL-fly, C. pezomachoides? 0. S. 
GrUEST GALL-FLY, C. q. pisum ? Yitok — Synophrus Iseviventris ? 
O. S. See above, p 463. 
6 . Red oak ? Giall q. sculpta^ Bassett. I have several times met 
with this very remarkable, grape-like gall, and can testify that it is 
pleasantly subacid, crisp and eatable. I have always considered that 
it must be these galls, and not those of q. iuanis (^=confiuenta Fitch) 
which the school-teacher informed Dr. Fitch were eaten almost inces¬ 
santly by the pupils at a certain school in Michigan. (W. Y. Rep. II, 
§317.) 
GtALL-fly, G. q. sculpta Bassett. I could never succeed in breed¬ 
ing it. 
7. Red oak. Grail Harris, (unknown to Osten Sacken.) 
This is well described by Dr. Fitch (W. Y. Rep. II, §318), who, how¬ 
ever, had not bred the insect from it and only inferred it to belong to 
i\iQ G. nuhiliperinis of Harris, from the “brief indefinite notice” of 
that writer. Sometimes these galls, “ which have a third of the sphere 
