82 
BRITISH GALLS 
Alatae migrate to the Larch in August, where they deposit 
numerous dark green eggs ; the larvae from these are known 
as Colonici. They are almost identical with the Fundatrices, 
but are perhaps a little smaller and not so woolly. They 
hibernate on the Larch stems, but cause no gall growth. 
Their eggs are deposited in spring, and produce winged 
insects styled Sexuparae. These are yellowish-green in all 
stages of growth, and the adults are almost identical with 
the Alatae, though much smaller (i to 5‘5 mm. long), and 
have very little wool. The Sexuparae fly back to the Spruce, 
and lay about ten greenish-yellow eggs on the needles. 
The yellowish, rather active larvae which hatch from these 
eggs feed on the needles near to the dead body of the parent, 
and may be found from May to August. The adults, termed 
Sexuales, are of both sexes, and appear in August; the males 
are greenish-yellow, the females sulphur-yellow. Each 
female deposits a single yellow egg at the base of a shoot. 
From these eggs larval Fundatrices are hatched, and the 
life-cycle of five generations—Fundatrix, Alatae, Colonici, 
Sexuparae, and Sexuales—is again repeated. 
Burdon failed to find sufficient difference in colour to 
distinguish easily the green and yellow broods. I have 
experienced the same difficulty in this. In the Alatae the 
fourth joint of the antenna may be a little longer or even 
shorter than the third, but they are, as a rule, about equal. 
Specimens found by Burdon at Royston were, according to 
Cholodkovsky’s diagnosis, Ch. viridis, but there are no 
Larches there for the Alatae to migrate to ! These obscurities 
emphasize the need for more workers in this particular 
branch of cecidology. 
Chernies strobilobius presents an even more bizarre life- 
history. The Fundatrices are black in winter, and greenish 
in spring. They may be at once recognized by their posi¬ 
tion, being always seated on the spruce bud, never below it 
(Plate X., Fig. i), by their long, straight hair in winter, and 
long, white, twisted hair in spring. They almost invariably 
attack buds on weak or damaged branches, and the resulting 
