IOO 
BRITISH GALLS 
secondary veins become considerably elongated, but their 
elongation is arrested by the rigid margin of the leaf; conse¬ 
quently, the leaf becomes contorted in a sinuous manner, 
forming a regular series of pleats and puckers. 
The “ nail-galls ” of Lime leaves resemble tintacks driven 
through the leaf to the head from below. They are very 
common. If an inspection of their tenants is desired, they 
must be gathered in the early state, while green or yellowish- 
green. Sometimes the margin of a Lime leaf is rolled 
upwards, and the roll lined with a felt of hairs, conditions 
caused by the presence of the mite Eviophyes tetratrichus. 
Fig. 22—Lime Leaf with Galls caused by the presence of 
Eriopliycs tiliae . (1/2.) 
Fig. 23—Section of a Gall, showing the Cavity lined with 
Hairs. (3/1.) 
We often find Hawthorn leaves in summer-time with the 
margins of the segments more or less rolled inwards, some¬ 
times to such an extent that they resemble a spike. They 
are easily recognizable by the discoloration of the attacked 
part; the roll is lined with hairs. This gall is caused by Erio- 
phyes goniothovax. It is the Erineum clandestinum of Greville. 
Allusion must now be made to some mite-galls of interest 
on account of their rarity in this country. 
I was delighted to find in June, 1909, on the slopes of the 
headland to the south of the beautiful old fishing village of 
Brixham, the Common Bindweed bearing a pretty gall 
