CATALOGUE OF BRITISH PLANT-GALLS 155 
Homop- Leaf margins bent inwards until they meet, forming a 
tera pouch. Aphis pale green, very woolly. Attacked leaves 
become brightly tinted with red, and are usually covered 
with little pustules. Sometimes only one margin is 
attacked. (Plate XII. 5.) 
Pemphigus affinis Kalt. 185 
Buckton, iii., 122. Houard, No. 541. 
,, Petiole greatly swollen ; the swelling (15 to 30 mm. long) 
consists of contiguous spiral rolls, which are greenish - 
yellow at first, then reddish. The large internal cavity 
contains the Aphides in various stages of development. 
Aphis pale green, very woolly. Autumnal. (Plate XII. 9.) 
Pemphigus spirothecae Pass. 186 
Buckton, iii., 122. Connold, Plant Galls, fig. 248; 
Veg. Galls, pi. 105. Houard, No. 535. 
,, Bud deformed, making a vesicular gall about the size of a 
hazel nut with a rounded opening at its apex. It sometimes 
occurs on the petiole, and commonly on the leaf. Greenish- 
yellow, becoming tinted with red. Aphis dusky green 187 
with fuscous head. (Plate XII. 6.) 188 
Pemphigus bursarius Linn. 189 
Buckton, iii., 117. Connold, Veg. Galls, pi. 104 ; Plant 
Galls, fig. 247. Houard, Nos. 523, 529, 533. 
Fungi Golden-yellow blisters on the leaf. See No. 164. 
Taphrina aurea Fries. 190 
Connold, Plant Galls, fig. 249. Massee, Textbook of 
Plant Diseases, p. 17. 
BETULACEAE 
Betula alba Linn. Aggr. 112. Common Birch. 
Lepidop- Ovoid or rounded swelling of a branch at the nodes, 
tera containing a whitish caterpillar. 
Epiblema tetraquetrana Haw. 191 
Syn. Phloeodes tetraquetrana Barrett. 
Connold, Plant Galls, fig. 58 (without name). Houard, 
No. 1074. 
Diptera Roundish pustules, 3 to 4 mm. in diameter, about 2 mm. 
in thickness, showing equally on both surfaces of the leaf. 
Solitary or gregarious, seldom coalescent, yellowish-green 
with a narrow band of red or purple at the margin. Each 
pustule contains a larva, white at first, then sulphur-yellow. 
M. E. 
CONTARINIA BETUL 1 NA Kieff. 192 
Connold, Plant Galls, fig. 63 (without name). Swanton, 
Knowledge, June, 1910. Houard, No. 1076. 
