PESHAWAR 
49 
Peshawar, lat. 34° 1ST., alt. 1165 ft. 
October 22nd-25th, 1903. 
This city is finely situated in the extreme north-west of the great 
plain of the Panjab, or Five Rivers; the mountains of the Sufid Koh 
and the foot-hills of the Hindu Kush bounding the view to the west 
and north respectively. 
In its ancient mud fort, with wall within wall and elaborate 
flanking defences which make it quite impregnable to infantry and 
field-guns, we saw a large number of partially manufactured cannon 
belonging to the Amir, which had been impounded by the British 
Government when on their road to Kabul. He had tried to smuggle 
them through without permission, but calculated without his host. 
In the bazar our ladies were greatly impressed by the magnificent 
appearance of the men, Punjabis and Afridis, especially by the fiery- 
red beards of those who had been to Mecca [Hajji]. Lime produces 
a fine colour, but there is an intermediate green stage which is 
decidedly not imposing. An old grey-haired man, whose beard has 
not been dyed for several weeks, presents a most strange appearance. 
Owing to the kind offices of a magistrate friend we had an 
opportunity of seeing the house of the chief carpet-merchant of the 
city. It was very sad to find that the drawing-room of a man who 
dealt in all the beautiful fabrics of Kashmir, Kabul, Bokhara and 
Persia was filled with the tawdry rubbish of Paris and Berlin. 
In the hotel garden I took a few things ; Terms hecabe was 
common, two of them lacked “ the dog’s head mark.” 1 Belenois 
mesentina was represented by a solitary male. One of three males 
of Ganoris canidia yielded a decided scent, hard to describe but 
certainly not that of G. napi. That dingy Skipper Parnara mathias, 
Fabr., was abundant at the flowers of Duranta. I missed several 
specimens of a yellow Papilio, probably demoleus, Linn., and possibly 
also P. alcibiades , Fabr., or one of that group. Of the Blues a 
Polyommatus baeticus, and three Zizera karsandra were taken. 
Two moths came to light, Oligochroa akbarella , Rag., and Earias 
insulana , Boisd. ( tristrigosa , Butl.). 
Hear the waterworks at Bara, amidst a wilderness of stones, I 
netted a female Belenois mesentina , three Blues, Tarucus theophrastus, 
Fabr. (two males and one female), and my first Teracolus, a female 
etrida, Boisd. Dr. Dixey tells me that he had no idea that this 
1 In a typical specimen the black border of the fore-wing is so scalloped as to 
make the outline of the yellow ground-colour resemble a dog’s head. When tho 
border is narrow this appearance is lost. 
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