KHAIBAR PASS 
51 
ranks. Never have I met with more jovial and good-natured 
barbarians than these men of the Khaibar Rifles, who twice a week 
guard our side of the pass as far as Lundi Kotal. Yet I was assured 
that any of these men, Afridis, would have thought nothing of 
shooting me! 
And now for the Butterflies. Danaida chrysippus, Linn., was 
fairly common. I took two males and two females, one of the latter 
with pale ground-colour of an umbreous tint and much shading 
along the costa. Pyrameis cardui was the commonest butterfly, 
mostly in fine condition. I took one Ganoris brassicae , Linn., of the 
form nipalensis, Gray, a female, and saw several G. canidia, all of 
which had possibly strayed from a patch of cultivated ground hard by. 
The Clouded Yellows were represented by several Golias hyale , auct ., 
form crate, Esp. The beautiful Precis orithyia was quite abundant; 
P. almana , Linn., also occurred, but was not common. I saw several 
Terias hecabe. The Satyrids were the most interesting of all. A 
specimen of Yphthima bolanica, Marshall, was my first acquaintance 
in that elegant and delicately-made genus. Hipparchia (. Nytha ) 
parisatis, Koll., a handsome insect suggestive of Vanessa antiopa , 
was rather common, but unfortunately much worn. Very con¬ 
spicuous on the wing, it did not appear to be attracted by the Mint, 
but usually settled on the ground, and was then very difficult to see. 
I also secured two specimens (both females) of a very distinct pale 
Satyrid, much the colour of G. pamphilus, but far larger and with 
dentate hind-wings, Ppinephele davendra , Moore, a species that proved 
to be new to the Hope Collection [Plate I., Fig. 1]; I caught two 
Polyommatits bcteticus , but saw no Skippers. 
Three of that widely-distributed beauty, Utetheisa ( Deiopeia ) 
pulchella, Linn., were seen flying in the sun, and with them a 
brilliant little Burnet, Zygaena kashmirensis, Koll. 
Among the outsiders were a Grasshopper, Poecilocerus pictus , 
Fabr.; a Beetle, Clinteria confinis, Hope; two Bees ,Bombus simillimus, 
Smith, one of each sex, and a Wasp, Vespa auraria, Smith, a worker. 
After about two hours the caravan from Kabul came down—Ions; 
strings of camels together with mules, asses, and a few horses— 
bringing all sorts of produce from Afghanistan and Bokhara. With 
the animals were many weird men, women, and children, some clad 
in sheepskins (with the wool inside), others in some stuff of a light 
greenish blue that was most picturesque. A very little later and 
the northward-bound caravan made its appearance: again long 
strings of heavily laden camels, both the common sort and the 
two-humped Bactrian species—all alike bearing large packs of 
