HAMMAM K’IHRA 
171 
hoghariensis. Close to the station, and indeed all the way up, I found 
Euchloe belemia plentiful. At about 1000 ft. I took single examples 
of Eucera trivittata , Brulle, Andrena albofasciata, a male, and Nomada 
cirtana, Per. (? var.), also a male. At about 1200 ft. I took my first 
Thais rumina, Linn., and was greatly delighted thereat. A little 
higher was Thestor ballus. 
Hammam R’ihra stands on a hillside looking across a valley; 
below and to the left are vineyards, to the right a piece of rough 
ground (good for botanizing) leading to the Por6t de Chaiba (chiefly 
pines), which culminates in the peak of Mont Samsam, 2800 ft. 
The dead, bleached spires of the Land-shell Bulimus {Rumina) 
decollatus, Linn., were conspicuous on every side. 
Butterflies were fairly plentiful, quite plentiful during the latter 
days of my stay. Satyrines were scarcely common. Of Pararge 
meone I saw a fair number, but only one of P. megaera , and that 
on March 30th—it was perhaps only just coming out at that 
elevation; of Coenonympha pamphilus I got but two. There were 
several Pyrameis cardui about, the first fresh specimen being seen on 
March 25th. The Lycaenidae were somewhat poorly represented by 
a'solitary male Cyaniris argiolus, and by the two species of Thestor ; 
of these T ballus was common enough, and I took eight males and 
five females, whereas of T. mauretanicus , Lucas, I secured but one 
male and three females; it appeared to be local, frequenting the edge 
of the forest, moreover it was hard to see. The dominant group 
was unquestionably the Pierines. The only Common White was 
Ganoris brassicae. Two of these were in no way remarkable, but the 
third was unique in my experience-—fluttering about flowers near the 
ground, quite unable to fly away; I found that it had been almost 
done to death by a bird, nearly the whole of the hind-wings and 
three-fourths of the fore-wings were gone. Of Golias edusa I took 
but one of each sex. If the Pierinae were the dominant group, 
assuredly Euchloe was the dominant genus ; E. belemia and E. belledice 
were both common enough, but towards the end of my stay E. belia 
(eupheno) was far commoner than either, indeed quite abundant, so 
that I secured a beautiful fresh series of this brilliant Orange-tip, 
comprising ten males and eight females; the females emerged from 
four to six days later than the males. In one specimen, a female, 
there was a sharply-cut notch in the hind-wings, larger in one than 
in the other; this I took to be the work of a bird. 
The gorgeous Gonepteryx cleopatra was quite common, the less 
gaudy G. rhamni scarcely less so. I satisfied myself of the very 
remarkable fact that all the males of cleopatra examined (15) had 
