SCENTS 
503 
“distinctly aromatic,” “resinous,” “ drug- like,” or “medicinal”; it 
suggested to me at one time or another tar, Canada-balsam, and pure 
carbolic acid, but my wife compared it to ginger, or a mixture of 
ginger with jasmine. It is evident that this scent puzzled me 
greatly at the time, but subsequent experience with other scents 
makes me think that sassafras would probably be the best com¬ 
parison. 
Dione vaniliae , Linn. (Jamaica, 1907). Of seventeen males 
examined thirteen exhibited an odour varying from very faint to 
very strong: in character this was distinctly disagreeable, and I 
noted it as “ unpleasant,” “ like cow-dung,” or “ like asses,” but 
more usually as “ like a stable.” My wife considered it “ un¬ 
pleasant,” or “ offensive.” Mr. Abell thought it “ musky.” 
Dione juno, Cram. (Venezuela, 1907). A single male had a slight 
stable-like odour. 
Heliconiinae. 
[Fritz Muller (Brazil, 1878) says that the butterflies of this 
sub-family possess a disgusting odour, generally stronger in the 
female sex. Moreover he says that Colaenis and Dione cannot be 
separated from Heliconius and Eueides . He mentioned the occur¬ 
rence of scents in these genera in his earlier paper, but without 
details. See Appendix, §§ IX.-XII.] 
Eueides aliphera, Godart. (Trinidad, 1907). Three males were 
examined : two with a negative result; the third was noted as having 
“ a strong Dione scent,” i.e . an odour like that of a stable, or of asses. 
Two females were also examined; they both had decided odours 
described respectively as:—“peculiar scent, (?) acetylene; strong 
when alive,” and as “ strong Dione scent when living ; slight flowery 
scent when dead.” 
Heliconius euryades , Biff. (Trinidad, 1907). Two males were 
examined: one had a peculiar, rather pleasant, smell, the other none. 
Two females were also examined, one with a doubtful result, the 
other had a slight odour like that of the species next mentioned, but 
it was only perceptible during life. 
Heliconius hydarus , Hew. (Trinidad, Tobago, Venezuela, 1907). 
Eleven males were examined: three gave a negative result and one 
was doubtful, but the remaining seven had a scent which varied from 
very slight to very strong, and was described as musty, like acetylene, 
or like hazeline (a preparation of Witch-hazel, Hamamelis virginica). 
This last comparison, which struck me as good, is due to Mr. G. H. 
Sworder of Cocoa Wattie, Tobago, who was familiar with the scent of 
the butterfly. Eight females were examined, only one with negative 
