506 
BIONOMIC NOTES 
it to horse-urine, but more usually to pig-sties, or, perhaps more 
correctly, to pigs. At first it seemed scarcely credible that so small 
a butterfly could smell so strongly. My only female specimen was 
odourless. 
Rapala lazulina , Moore. (Ceylon, 1908). Three males yielded a 
scent like vanilla biscuits. 
Theclopsis tephraeus, Hiibn. (Venezuela, 1907). A strong peculiar, 
rather disagreeable odour was detected in a male of this species. 
Tmolus cambes, Godm. & S. (Venezuela, 1907). I noted in a 
male a treacly smell; my wife compared it to coarse brown 
sugar. 
Tmolus paleg on, Cram. (Venezuela, 1907). A male had an odour 
of chocolate. 
[Thecla atys, Cram. (Brazil, 1878). Fritz Muller found an un¬ 
usually strong odour in the male of this species, also more or less 
distinct odours in various other species the names of which he did 
not know. In the case of T. atys (in 1876) he described the odour 
as “ bat-like.”] 
PlERINAE. 
Catopsilia pyranthe , Linn. ( gnoma , Fabr.). (Assam, 1880; India, 
1904; Ceylon, 1908). Wood-Mason noted that the tufts of hair 
on the wings of the male smelled like jasmine. I confirmed this 
in India, but thought that a closer comparison was to Polianthes 
tuberosa. After my second visit to Ceylon, in 1908, I wrote as 
follows:— 
“ The number of specimens taken was very much smaller than of 
pomona, but the scent was more easily detected in the male, and 
more decided in the female than in that species. In both sexes the 
scent was compared to Stephanotis , but in one male to Freesia, and 
in one female, Mrs. Longstaff thought the odour was ‘a little bit 
hair-oily/ ” 
Catopsiliapomona, Fabr. ( crocale, Cram., catilla, Cram.). (Ceylon, 
1904). I detected a slight jasmine-like scent in the male on stroking 
the “ scent tufts ” on the hind-wings. 
(Ceylon, 1908.) The sweet scent associated with the fringes of 
the male was confirmed; this I compared to Freesia, or Stephanotis. 
Out of twenty-seven females examined the result was negative in 
eighteen, but in the other nine a slight, usually very slight, sweet 
scent without other special character was noted. 
Catopsilia florella, Fabr. (S. Africa, 1905). On exposure of the 
tufts of hair-like scales on the hind-wings a very strong sweet scent 
is emitted. Dr. Dixey compared it to Jasmine, I to Polianthes, or 
