INVERTED ATTITUDE 567 
They were moving their hind-wings alternately in the plane of the 
wings , exactly as I had seen a Lampides do in the Nilgiris. 
North Devon, September 1st, 1907. Walking with Mr. H. Champion 
along the Woolacombe sandhills late in the afternoon we 
observed thirty-nine specimens of Lycaena icarus, asleep on 
Marram, Privet, etc. No less than thirty-eight of these were 
sleeping with the head down, while the exceptional one was 
horizontal. In many instances the fore-wings were drawn so far 
back that the costae of the hind-wings overlapped those of the 
fore-wings. The antennae were porrected and near together. 1 
Mortehoe, September 11th, 1907. A $ L. icarus at rest on a Ragwort 
flower moved its hind-wings alternately. 
Caracas, Venezuela, March 3rd, 1907. The dingy little Gatochrysops 
hanno , Stoll, was seen sitting head downwards, opening its 
hind-wings at intervals. 
Walderston, Jamaica, February 16th, 1907. Calycopis pan, Drury. 
The lobe of the hind-wing is everted as in Aphnaeus , Argiolaus , 
etc. 
St. Ann’s, Trinidad, April 1st, 1907. A ? of Thecla spurius , Feld., 
seen sitting head down; the hind-wing is folded; the lobe is 
large. 
The Zebra-like Theda linus , Sulz., is a common species in 
Trinidad. The lobe of the hind-wing is everted, but not quite to a 
right angle; it is curious that the tails are crossed, so that the tail of 
the right wing imitates the antenna of the left side and vice versa. 
[Mr. Knight has made this very clear in Fig. 12, p. 326, supra.] 
The tails were seen to move slightly, and the false head looked 
more like a head than the real one. Though I have no note to that 
effect, I feel sure that I saw this species sitting head downwards. 
My later Ceylon experience (Jan. to March, 1908) enabled me 
to add nine more species in which I have observed the inverted 
1 In the fourth Report of the Rugby School Natural History Society, 1870, p. 17, 
is an interesting note by Mr. Arthur Sidgwick, which I give at some length as the 
Report is not easily accessible. “ On August 13th, 1870, I noticed on the road from 
Bex to Gryon, in the Rhone Valley, a large number of the Chalk-hill blue ( Polyom- 
matus corydon ), on the umbelliferous plants by the roadside. It was just sunset, 
and they were all at rest. Their colour and shape effectually protected them from 
notice. ... I noticed that they all rested head downwards. It occurred to me that 
even this apparently trifling detail of instinct or habit might be protective. The 
eye in wandering over a plant is arrested more easily than one would suppose by any 
outline out of accord with the general lines on which the plant is constructed.” The 
note is accompanied by sketches showing that the butterfly resting head downwards 
is less conspicuous than one in the opposite position. 
