I. HAIB-TUETS, ETC., OF MALE LEPIDOPTEKA 605 
the antennae of Pieris. In other species the scales on this spot are dis¬ 
tinguished chiefly by their greater size. 
The males of Athesis, Thyridia , Olyras , Dircenna , Geratinia , 
Mechanitis , Ithomia, Melinaea and Tithorea , that is to say, of nearly all 
the genera which have been recently transferred from the Heliconinae to 
the Danainae , have “ a tuft of hair on the upper side of the hind-wing in 
front of the subcostal ” (Herrich-Schaeffer), or more correctly, as Doubleday 
describes it for Olyras , “ an elongate spot, covered with very long delicate 
hairs.” In the male of Lycorea , which also belongs to this group, 1 the 
hair-tuft is wanting, according to Herrich-Schaeffer, but they have (Double¬ 
day) “ a large tuft of hair on each side of the last abdominal segment, 
which can be for the greater part retracted into the abdomen.” 
2. Satyrinae. 
In the male of Antirrhaea ( AnchiphleUa , Butl.) archaea the inner 
margin of the fore-wing is arched as in Euploea , the costal margin of the 
hind-wing being also strongly arched, and on the under side of the fore¬ 
wing is a patch of hairs arranged like the teeth of a comb (“ plaga pectina- 
tim cirrata ”). 
In Gnophodes morpena , as in species of Euploea , the hind wings of the 
males bear a large oval white patch near the costal margin. 
The male of Melanitis suradeva ( cyllogenes , Butl.) has a large, dark, 
silky patch on the fore-wing. 
In Saiyrus roxelana , clymene , maera , megaera , hiera , in Epinephele 
lycaon, janira, ida , tithonus , in Hipparchia semele and arethusa, the males 
have a patch of dark hair on the fore-wings. 
Mycalesis .—“The most important character of this genus consists in 
the presence of a tuft of long hairs, either on the upper surface of the 
fore-wings, where there is a small slit, or pocket for their reception, or 
on the hind-wings, where they are covered by the inner margin of the 
fore-wings. This tuft of hair occurs, as usual, in the male only, and 
according to its position the genus can be divided into two groups ” 
(Westwood). 
The males of Bia actorion are distinguished by (1) a tuft of long 
pale leather-brown hairs near the inner margin of the hind-wings, 
which can be erected or depressed at will, and when at rest, are enclosed 
in a long pocket, and also by (2) a patch with long black silky hair near 
the anterior margin of the hind-wings. This latter patch is covered by 
a bare spot on the under side of the fore-wings, close to the inner margin. 
3. Elymniinae. 
Elymnias ( Melanitis , Westw. Gen. D.L .).—The males have a tuft of 
hair on the upper side of the hind-wings, near the base. 
1 Lycorea is now included in the Danainae proper, all the other genera mentioned 
in the above paragraph being included in an allied sub-family, the Ithomiinae or 
Neotropinae. —E.B.P. 
