I. HAIR-TUFTS, ETC., OF MALE LEPIDOPTEEA 607 
a small oval spot near the base of the cell is devoid of scales, but furnished 
with an erect tuft of hair. 
6. Acraeinae and 7. Heliconinae . 
In the few genera of both these groups similar male characters appear 
to be absent. 1 
8. Nymphalinae. 
The male of Lachnoptera has on the upper side of the hind-wings, near 
the costal margin, a characteristic spot of hair-like scales. These are long, 
almost linear, deeply emarginate and slightly expanded at their flattened 
bases, apically narrowed to a slender stalk and ending in a fan-like plate 
with a fringed margin. 
In Myscelia orsis the “ hind-wing is furnished with a brand extending 
from interspace five to seven ” (Herrich-Schaeffer). 
In the males of Didonis lillis I find on the under side of the fore-wing, 
near the inner margin between the submedian and median, at the spot 
where the latter emits its first branch, a jet-black patch of considerable 
size, which may be easily overlooked on the dark ground; a similar 
smaller spot lies close to it, nearer the base. Opposed to this lies a small 
spot on the upper side of the hind-wing. 
Prepona.~h\ the male a tuft of hair springs from the edge of the 
hind-wing groove which encloses the abdomen, and opposite to it on the 
abdomen is an oval brand, surrounded by a bare border. 
Agrias .— 44 Some, if not all the species have tufts of hair on the wings ” 
(Butler). 
Lemoniidae (Erycinidae, Swains.). 
No example of a male characterized by special hairs or scales is known 
to me in this family. 
Lycaenidae. 
Theda .—In very numerous species the fore-wings of the male are 
marked with a roundish velvety or felted patch, near the apex of the cell, 
the patch not infrequently causes a more or less considerable displacement 
of the nervures, so that the difference between the neuration of male and 
female is sometimes as great as that between species of different genera. 
The size, shape and position of this 44 brand ” vary considerably. Usually 
it is of a dark colour, and then, if placed on a similarly coloured surface, 
is often distinctly seen, as a dark spot on an otherwise colourless membrane, 
only after removal of the scales. More rarely it is pale (yellow or whitish) 
on a dark (black or blue) ground, as for example in Theda amir ax, Westw. 
1 The males of an important section of the Heliconinae are characterized by the 
breadth of the glistening area covered with modified scales on the under surface of 
the fore-wing and of the hind-wing area by which it is covered.—E.B.P. 
