I. HAIR-TUFTS, ETC., OF MALE LEPIDOPTERA 611 
I had caught a freshly emerged male of Callidryas argante , and, in 
order to show to a friend the mane-like pubescence of the hind-wings, I 
drew the fore- and hind-wings apart. I then perceived a distinct, some¬ 
what musky, scent, and convinced myself that it came from the hairs, 
which erected themselves as the wings were parted. This observation I 
have repeated with numerous males of the same species, and it was only 
with old, worn and battered specimens that the scent could not be per¬ 
ceived. I have since had opportunities of smelling only a few similarly 
equipped butterflies. On one male of Prepona laertes , I found a not very 
strong, but yet unmistakable scent, arising from the tuft on the hind- 
wings. Several of my children not only perceived the same scent, which 
they (very appropriately, I consider) spoke of as bat-like, but they also 
pointed to the same spot as its seat. A male of Dircenna xantho , gave off 
a not strong, agreeable, vanilla-like scent; here also, I asked my children 
to seek for its source, which they agreed with me was to be found in the 
“ hair-tuft.” Far more powerful than in the three above-named species 
is the scent, bat-like, as in Prepona , which proceeds from the large black 
patches on the fore-wings of one of the finest of our Theclas ( T . atys , Cr.). 
This odour can be distinctly perceived even several weeks after death. 
The upper side of the fore-wings in the male of this Theda is blue, bordered 
with black ; the black border widens from the posterior angle, where it 
covers about one-fifth of the length of the wing, to the apical angle, where 
it covers about one-third ; the anterior margin is also black as far as the 
costal nervure. In the central blue area are two large, deep black patches, 
separated by a blue streak, marking the position of the transverse vein 
which closes the cell. Thus one patch, the smaller, lies inside, the other, 
the larger, outside the cell. The inner is pentagonal with rounded corners, 
and entirely occupies the end of the cell, extending along the subcostal 
nearly to the origin of its first branch, along the third branch of the 
median about half as far, and bounded at the base by two lines which 
meet at right angles on the aborted basal part of the discoidal. The outer 
patch, separated from the inner by the transverse veins, touches in front 
the upper discoidal vein, and behind the second branch of the median, 
surpassing the inner spot in this direction by about one-third. It forms 
an oblique-lying oval area, whose axes are about as 5 to 6. The lower 
discoidal and the median intersect it, and from each of the sections thus 
formed a triangular blue spot extends into the black border of the wing. 
The surface of these patches amounts to about one-tenth of the entire wing. 
Their closely packed scales adhere very strongly, and after removal, the 
outer patch is translucent with a slightly yellowish tint, the inner very 
dusky and almost opaque ; the membrane of the latter bulges somewhat 
on the lower surface of the wing. On microscopic examination the outer 
patch shows, besides the crowded sockets of the scales, only a few delicate, 
scarcely branched air-vessels, which enter it from the neighbouring 
nervures. On the other hand, one sees in the inner patch (especially 
