636 
APPENDIX 
The scales under the mane are not disposed in regular lines, nor are 
they divided into succubi and incubi: they are much fewer than the 
ordinary scales, and do not entirely cover the wing. Near the base of 
the wing (PI. E, Fig. 11) they are far smaller than the others, having about 
the length, more or less, of the ordinary succubi with the breadth of the 
incubi. Towards the outer margin of the wing they gradually increase in 
size, so that at last (Fig. 12) they can scarcely be distinguished from the 
ordinary succubi with rounded apex. In colour and texture the scales of 
the organ resemble the ordinary succubi, showing, like these, the very 
distinct longitudinal striation which is usually not* to be seen in scent- 
scales. All other distinctive characters of the scent-scales are wanting. 
Another singular and notable distinction between the area covered by the 
mane and the surrounding parts is found in the direction of the scales. 
They are, as a general rule, turned with apices pointing towards the outer 
margin of the wing (that is towards the right in PI. E, Fig. 5); but those 
below the mane follow more or less exactly the direction of the hairs 
which cover them (thus, in Fig. 5 the scales at the base are directed 
towards the top, those of the terminal part towards the left), so that at a 
certain point scales which are very close together and only separated by 
the insertion of the hairs yet point in entirely different directions. 1 
When the scales of the fore-wings are removed, we see, in the space 
covered by the mane, a very opaque spot, elliptic in shape, measuring 
seven by three mm. If we draw a straight line from the vertex of the 
angle formed by the median nervure and its first branch to the point 
where the mane turns away from the internal [submedian] nervure, this 
line coincides with the major axis of the ellipse. The opacity of the spot, 
otherwise hardly noticeable, is due to innumerable small dark-bordered points 
or circular pits of scarcely 0*002 mm. diameter, which are here scattered 
on the wing membrane. 
As with the inner or posterior margin of the fore-wing, so also with the 
anterior [costal] margin of the hind-wing, which is almost straight in the 
female (Pl. E, Fig. 3) and distinctly arched in the male (Fig. 4). The upper 
surface of these wings is of a fawn colour, and on it we see, in the males, 
two spots which are distinguished by their brilliancy and their colour. 
The larger (Fig. 4 m '; Figs. 7, 8, 9) surrounds the angles formed by the 
upper discocellular nervure and by two branches (6, 7, in Figs. 6-8) of the 
subcostal, and is prolonged between these two branches as far as they run 
approximately parallel. The irregular quadrilateral base of the spot is 
dull ash-colour, its prolongation whitish, and thus more visible. The 
lower spot (Fig. 4 m") occupies the angle between the two internal nervures 
[submedian and internal]. Both spots are thickly covered with scales, 
which, in their complete opacity and want of the longitudinal striation, 
1 The hairs of the mane start from a strongly curved base line, and are directed 
towards a common centre. Hence those in the middle of the curve point in opposite 
directions, as do the scales between which they arise.—E.A.E. 
