61 
South-west 30 chains from Mount Wellington, quartz gravel shows at the 
surface ; it is of late Tertiary age, and probably corresponds in age with the 
quartz gravels found 1 mile east of Grantville. 
Basalt occurs 1 mile south-west from Mount Wellington at Mr. Howard’s 
farm, lot 2, section E. It is a small outcrop of only a few acres in extent, 
about 120 feet above sea-level. The resultant soil is reddish brown in colour. 
Three miles due south is Mr. Harrop’s farm, lot 11, section M, where a 
prominent small hill consisting of the usual red, yellow and grey mottled clay 
of Tertiary age rises about 120 feet above sea-level. Some limonite (see assay 
600) outcrops, but it does not appear to exist in large quantities. The soil 
southward from Mount Wellington is more clayey in character but of poor 
quality. 
On Major Christopherson’s block, allotment 12a, on the south-east portion 
of the island, at the beach opposite Elizabeth Island, and just below the house, 
Jurassic rocks are exposed. They are said to extend for about 1 mile south¬ 
ward and eastward, and they outcrop on the beach as far as allotment 14c, 
section K. A thin seam of coal is traceable for about 2 chains in length just 
below Major Christopherson’s house. The beds of sandstone and shale dip 
northward at about 6°. The coal is only 1 inch to 2 inches thick, but it 
indicates that these beds are within the coal-bearing zone. At the Bluff the 
sandstones and shales dip northerly at 10°, and at Buttress Point (allotment 
14b, section N) a little further on some of the beds dip as much as 20° in a 
northerly direction, but the general dip would be from 10° to 15° north¬ 
ward. Limonite (see assay 601) occurs at Buttress Point. 
On the beach half-way between Buttress Point and the goods shed there 
is an exposure of Jurassic sandstones and shales and above this clay. In 
this clay there are two or more thin layers of carbonate of iron (see assay 602). 
The layers are apparently fairly continuous for a distance of 2 chains; the 
ore is very compact, of high specific gravity, and from 3 to 4 inches thick. 
A short level has been driven on it just above high-water mark. The ore 
obtained is said to have been used as ship’s ballast. 
Further work would determine the value of this deposit, which is certainly 
the best met with on the island. At Stockyard Point is the goods-shed for 
storing cargo from the steamers, which are able to discharge within 150 feet 
of the shore. Basalt occurs on the shore, and a great many basaltic pebbles 
are scattered on the beach. 
About 15 chains north from Mr. Dean’s house on allotment 14b, there are 
two large blocks of basalt on the beach, and some excellent fine clay mottled 
red and white. This runs along the sea-front of 14a, formerly used for salt 
works. Along the sea-front of allotment 14c, ironstone (limonite) is exposed 
at two sites ; each is about 1 chain wide, and the southern outcrop (see assay 
603) is about 6 inches thick, while the northern outcrop (see assay 604) 
is up to 2 feet thick. Without some prospecting work the extent of the 
deposits could not be determined. 
North-east from this point, about 2J miles, is Bushranger’s Point, where 
limonite (see assay 605) is exposed on the beach for a width of about 6 chains 
and a thickness of 6 inches. There is an exposure of fine white and white 
and pink clay at high-water mark that is 5 feet thick, and traceable along 
the beach for about 20 chains. To the westward from this point there are 
thick beds of mottled red, yellow and grey clays 20 to 30 feet thick of late 
Tertiary age, and some portions of these beds were tested as pigments, &c. 
(see clay and pigment tests, 606-7). Similar mottled coarse clays appear to 
cover a very large portion of the island’s surface. 
