XIV INTRODUCTION. 
furnished with teeth. There are eight orders which are 
thus distinguished : 
f Having C I- Bimana, 
Having hands. II. Quadrumana. 
nails < f III. Ferae, 
or claws. [ Quadrupeds, | IV. Rodentia. 
I or animals <( V. Edentata. 
Without | with four feet, j VI. Pachydermata. 
nails or <( ^ VII. Ruminata. 
claws. L Having fins. VIII. Cetacea. 
SECTION I. Unguiculated Animals, or Mammalia having nails or 
claws. 
I. Bimana, or two handed. This order contains only the human 
species. 
II. Quadrumana, or four handed. This order contains the apes, 
baboons, and monkeys, and the lemurs. 
III. Ferce, or beasts of prey. This order is divided into the follow- 
ing four tribes. 
1. The Cheiroptera, consisting of the bat family. 
2. The Insectivora, consisting of those animals which live upon 
insects, as the hedgehog, the shrew, and the mole. 
3. The Carnivora, consisting chiefly of the cat family, including 
lions, tigers, and their allies ; the bear family, including the 
badger, the coati-mundi, the racoon, &c. ; the dog family, in- 
cluding the wolf and the fox ; the weazel family ; the civet- 
cats ; the hycena, and the seals and walrus. 
4. The Marsupialia, including the opossums, and the kangaroos, 
though the latter animals live only on vegetables. 
IV. Rodentia, or gnawing animals The principal of these are the 
squirrel family, mice and rats, hares and rabbits, the beaver, 
the porcupine, and the guinea-pig. 
V. Edentata, or toothless animals, that is, without front-teeth. 
The principal of these are the sloths, the armadillos, the 
ant-eaters, and the water-mole, or ornithornynchus. 
SECTION II. Mammalia without nails or claws. 
VI. Pachydermata, or thick-skinned animals. The principal of 
these are the elephant, the hippopotamus, the rhinoceros; the 
horse family, including the ass, the mule, the zebra, and the 
quagga ; the wild boar family, and the tapir. 
VII. Ruminata, or ruminating animals, the principal of which are 
the camel family, the deer family, the giraffe, the antelope 
family, the goat family, the sheep family, and the ox family. 
VIII. Cetacea, or sea mammalia, the principal of which are the 
whale family, the dolphin family, the manati, the porpoise 
family, and the narwal, or sea-unicorn. 
