The Shepherd's Bog. 23 
THE DOG. (Canis familiaris.) 
To no animal is mankind so much indebted for its ser- 
vices and affection as to the Dog. Among all the various 
orders of brute creatures, none have hitherto been found 
so entirely adapted to our use, and even to our protection, 
as this. There are many countries, both of the old and 
new continent, in which, if man were deprived of this 
faithful ally, he would unsuccessfully resist the foes that 
surround him, seeking opportunities to encroach upon his 
property, destroy his labour, and attack his person. His 
own vigilance, in many situations, could not secure him, 
on the one hand, against their rapacity, nor, on the other, 
against tlieir speed. The Dog, more tractable than any 
other animal, conforms himself to the movements and 
habits of his master. His diligence, his ardour, and his 
obedience are inexhaustible; and his disposition is so 
friendly, that, unlike every other animal, he seems to 
remember only the benefits he receives : he soon forgets 
our blows ; and instead of discovering resentment while 
we chastise him, exposes himself, to torture, and even 
licks the hand from which it proceeds. 
Dogs, even of the dullest kind, seek the company of 
other animals ; and by instinct take to the care of flocks 
and herds. 
THE SHEPHERD'S DOG. 
The Shepherd's Dog has been considered the primitive 
stock, from whence all others are derived. This animal 
still continues nearly in its original state among the 
poor in temperate climates : being transported into the 
colder regions, it becomes smaller, and covered with a 
shaggy coat. Whatever differences there may be among 
the Dogs of these cold countries, they are not very con- 
siderable, as they all have straight ears, long and thick 
hair, a savage aspect, and do not bark either so often or 
so loud as Dogs of the more cultivated kind. The Shep- 
herd's Dog, transported into temperate climates, and 
among people entirely civilized, such as into England, 
