152 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 
Series 4, Volume 64, No. 7 
Justicia lindenii Houllet, Rev. Hortic. 42^43: 250. 1870-71, as “lindeni” non J. lindenii 
T. Anderson (1868), nom. illegit. & syn. nov. Type. — MEXICO. The description and illustration 
are based on plants cultivated in Paris from material procured in Mexico by “Hahne” (presumably 
L. Hahn who collected in Mexico in 1865-66); original specimens, if any exist, are unknown. The 
colored illustration accompanying the protologue (Fig. 11) would be a logical choice as lectotype, 
if this illegitimate name were to become legitimate and typification was needed. One might argue 
that the epithet should be retained as originally spelled (i.e., “lindeni”). Although the derivation of 
the epithet is neither stated nor alluded to in the protologue, presumably it is derived from 
J. Linden, another nineteenth century Mexican collector. 
Justicia ardens T.F. Daniel, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 53: 41. 2002, syn. nov. Type. — MEXICO. 
Veracruz: Mpio. Minatitlan, Cerro Blanco, ca. 7 kmNE de Uxpanapa (Pob. 12) en camino a Pob. 
15, ca. 17°14 f N, 094°09'W, 200 m, 19-X-1983, T. Wendt et al. 4227 (holotype: CAS!; isotype: 
CHAPA). 
Discussion. — Both Justicia lindenii and J. ardens are here treated as conspecific with 
Cyrtanthera chrysostephana, necessitating the new combination proposed above. The nineteenth 
century descriptions and illustrations of J. lindenii and C. chrysostephana are very similar and gen¬ 
erally conform to those of J. ardens. Indeed, the unusual inflorescence (e.g., Daniel 2002) was 
noted in the protologues of all three species. Minor discrepancies in the descriptions consist of: the 
red coloration of veins noted and illustrated (see Fig. 11) for living plants in the protologues of 
C. chrysostephana and J. lindenii (neither noted by collectors on labels nor observed in dried spec¬ 
imens of J. ardens) and the glabrous corollas noted by Hooker for C. chrysostephana (vs. glandu¬ 
lar pubescent for J. ardens). Corollas on the holotype and other cultivated specimens of 
C. chrysostephana at K, and on collections of J. ardens are glandular pubescent (at least distally). 
The species is known from wet forests of Oaxaca and Veracruz in southern Mexico, and its 
characteristics and a key to morphologically similar species were provided by Daniel (2002, as 
J. ardens). Based on collections of J. chrysostephana at K, plants were cultivated in English gar¬ 
dens (including RBG Kew) throughout much of the twentieth century, and as recently as 1978. 
Justicia durangensis (Henr. & Hilsenb.) T.F. Daniel, comb. nov. 
Siphonoglossa durangensis Henr. & Hilsenb., Brittonia 31: 375. 1979. Type. — MEXICO. 
Durango: ca. 24 mi SW of Torreon, 7.1 mi W of Hwy. 40 on road to Presa Francisco Zarco along 
RioNazas, ca. 25°16'N, 103°45'W, 1200 m, 15-VIII-1973, J. Henrickson 12422B (holotype: TEX). 
Discussion. — American species of Siphonoglossa Oerst. are now usually treated in Justicia 
L. (e.g., Graham 1988; Daniel 1995; Kiel et al. 2017). Justicia durangensis appears to be a distinct 
species as described and discussed by Henrickson and Hilsenbeck (1979) and Hilsenbeck (1983). 
Corollas 13.5 to 16.5 mm long were noted for the species by Henrickson and Hilsenbeck (1979). 
Smaller flowers (e.g., open corollas 5-9 mm long) on specimens collected in late September and 
October (e.g., Henrickson 22729 at CAS and TEX, and Gonzalez et al. 7012 at CAS) likely repre¬ 
sent reduced flowers (possibly transitioning to cleistogamous flowers) occurring late in the season. 
If true, a similar seasonal dimorphism has been observed in corollas of J. longii Hilsenb. (Daniel 
2016), another species formerly treated as pertaining to Siphonoglossa. 
