228 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 
Series 4, Volume 64, No. 8 
Chalcides chalcides vittatus (Leuckart, 1828:9) 
1828 Seps vittatus Leuckart, Breves Animalium quorandam Maxima ex Parte Marinoram Descriptiones. 
Augusti Osswaldi, Heidelbergae [Heidelberg], Germany. 24 pp., 1 pi. 
Neotype.— MZUF 29898, designated by Caputo (1993), “environs of Musei (Province of Cagliari, Sar¬ 
dinia),” Italy. Original types (“non solum Europa meridionalis, Italia, Sicilia, Sardinia, Graecia, etc., sed etiam 
insula Cyprus, Syria, Lybia, Barbaria, etc.”) not located. 
Chalcides ocellatus [part], Le Berre 1989:216. 
Chalcides chalcides, Schleich, Kastle, and Kabisch 1996:324. 
Chalcides chalcides vittatus, Sindaco and Jeremcenko 2008:184. 
Distribution.— Coastal Tunisia and 
Tripolitania, northwestern Libya, as well as 
Sardinia, where they are introduced (C. c. vit¬ 
tatus). The nominate form is found in Italy, 
including most of the peninsula as well as Sici¬ 
ly and Elba. (Caputo, 1993; Carranza et al. 
2008). 
Libyan Records (Map 38): TRIPOLITA¬ 
NIA: Tripoli : 45: ZMB 42459; Caputo 1993; 
Caputo et al. 1995. Muroub : 59: NMBA- 
REPT 16695. 71: MCSN 2281. 
Comments.— This taxon is exceedingly 
poorly known in Libya and requires further 
study to confirm its continued presence there 
and its actual distributional range. ZMB 42450, 
cited by Caputo (1993; Caputo et al. 1995) is 
an error for ZMB 42459. 
IUCN Threat Status.— Least Concern. 
Chalcides ocellatus (Forskal, 1775:13) (Fig. 28) 
1775 Lacerta ocellata Forskal, Descriptiones animalium, avium, amphibiomm, piscium, insectomm, 
vermium; quae in itinere Orientali observavit Petms Forskal. Molleri, Hauniae [Copenhagen], xxxiv +164 pp. 
Type(s). — Not located fide Smid et al. (2014), “In Agypto ad asdes.” 
Chalcides ocellatus [part], Le Berre 1989:216. 
Chalcides ocellatus ocellatus, Schleich, Kastle, and Kabisch 1996:337. 
Chalcides ocellatus ocellatus, Sindaco and Jeremcenko 2008:186. 
Chalcides ocellatus, Trape, Trape, and Chirio 2012:344. 
Distribution.— Extremely widespread in North Africa from Western Sahara and Morocco 
south of the Atlas Mountains east across the continent to Egypt, also in Somalia and with scattered 
localities in the Ahaggar (Hoggar) of Algeria and the Air Mountains of Niger. Outside of Africa, 
they are found through the Middle East (Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, and across much of 
the Arabian Peninsula), and at scattered localities in Iran, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, and Pakistan 
and on Cyprus, Sardinia, Sicily and many of the islands of the Tyrrhenian and Aegean Seas as well 
as parts of mainland Greece. A population has become established at Naples on the Italian main¬ 
land and the populations from coastal Iran and Pakistan, as well as from the Koper Mountains of 
Turkmenistan may also be introduced (Sindaco and Jeremcenko 2008). The species has also been 
introduced locally in Arizona, USA (Gunn et al. 2012) and in Sri Lanka (Karunarathna et al. 2008). 
Map 38. Distribution of Chalcides chalcides vittatus in 
Libya. 
