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renberger 1963. 540: Schnurrenberger 1959. 549: SK 336, 369, 421, 425-26; Kramer and Schnur- 
renberger 1963. 550: SK457; SMF 54733; Schnurrenberger 1958a; Kramer and Schnurrenberger 
1963. 554: Schnurrenberger 1958a. Kufrah : 571: Zavattari 1937. 575: Peters 1880, 1881; Werner 
1909; Ghigi 1913; Zavattari 1929, 1930, 1934. “Cyrenaica”: SMF 54732; Werner 1909. LIBYA: 
RMNH RENA 13928. 
Comments.— Two subspecies of C. cerastes are currently recognized, C. c. cerastes from 
North Africa and into Sinai and southwestern Israel and C. c. hoofienii Werner and Sivan in Wern¬ 
er, Sivan, Kushnir and Motro, 1999 which is found in the southwestern Arabian Peninsula (Wagn¬ 
er and Wilms 2010). The original description cites Hasselquist (1750a, 1757) and Bellonius (1553). 
Schnurrenberger (1963) and Kramer and Schnurrenberger (1963) noted that the localities pro¬ 
vided for the two species of Cerastes by Schnurrenberger (1959) were reversed. Schleich (1987) 
noted a sight record of what was presumably this species near the northwest comer of watershed 
area in Kouf (El Kouf) National Park. Zavattari (1934) credited Brezzi (1930) with a Kufrah area 
record of this species, but we were unable to locate this in Brezzi’s book. 
UCN Threat Status: Not assessed, but assumed to be Least Concern. 
Cerastes vipera (Linnaeus, 1758:216) (Fig. 35) 
1758 Coluber vipera Linnaeus, Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, 
Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Lau- 
rentii Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm], Sweden. (4) + 823 + (I) pp. 
Holotype. — NRM Lin-99, “Aegypto” [= Egypt], [= Rashid, Nile Delta, Egypt fide Hasselquist 1762: 
70-72,315-322]. 
1842 Cerastes Richiei Gray, Monographic synopsis of the vipers, or the Family Viperidae, pp. 68-71 in 
The Zoological Miscellany, part 2. Treuttel, Wurtz and Co., London, United Kingdom. 
Syntypes: BMNH 1946.1.20.85, 1946.1.20.89, 1946.1.20.94 (formerly BMNH iii.3.2a-c), “Tripoli” 
[Libya]. 
Cerastes vipera, Kramer and Schnurrenberger 1963:541. 
Cerastes vipera, Le Berre 1989:296. 
Cerastes vipera, Trape and Mane 2006:210. 
Cerastes vipera, Schleich, Kastle, andKabisch 1996:537. 
Cerastes vipera, Sindaco, Venchi, and Grieco 2013:193. 
Distribution.— Mauritania east to the 
Negev of Israel, including northern Mali and 
Niger, but absent from the Mediterranean of 
Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. Widespread 
across Libya. 
Libyan Records (Map 64): TRIPOLITA- 
NIA: Zawiyah : 11: MNHN 1979.3841. 
Tripoli : 39: Schnurrenberger 1959. 44: 
USNM 56237. 45: BMNH 1946.1.20.85, 
1946.1.20.89, 1946.1.20.94; NHMW 28696; 
ZFMK 32489; ZMB 15332-36, 15350; Gray 
1842, 1849; Boulenger 1896; Condorelli-Fran- 
caviglia 1896; Wemer 1909; Ghigi 1913; Zavattari 1934; Marx 1958b; Wagner and Wilms 2010. 
47: BMNH 1955.1.9.1; Kramer and Schnurrenberger 1963. 51: Kramer and Schnurrenberger 1959. 
52: SK 195, 288-94, 538-41; Kramer and Schnurrenberger 1963. 53: SMF 55446. Misratah : 73: 
SMF 55753-54. Nalut : 105: MNHN 2004.0086; Ibrahim and Ineich 2005. 127: MCSN 2934. 
Figure 35. Cerastes vipera from Ma’fan, Murzuq, Fez- 
zan, Libya. Photo © Adel Ibrahim. 
