aimn«“ j r^ass 
>'-% • rj 
Vol. XL. No. 15, 
Whole No. 1628. 
[Entered according to Act of Congrw.ta the year 1881, by the Kara] New-Yorker. In the office of the Librarian of Oonsrees at WMhlnston.1 
year-o)d record ever published. Nelher- 
laad Queen gave as a two-year-old 58 pounds 
12 ounces in a day; 1670 pounds nine 
ounces in one month, and, 13 674 pounds 
three ounces in one year. This firm have 
the two largest records for mature cows ever 
published, Aaegie, six years old, gave in one 
day 84 pounds 12 ounces, 3,362 pounds two 
ounces in one mou th : 10,692 pounds six ounces 
in 9ix months and 18.004 pounds 15 ounces in 
one year. Aegis, six years old, gave83 pounds 
12 ounces in one day; 3.289 pounds nine ounces 
in one month; 10 904 pounds five ounces in six 
months, and 16,833 pounds 10 ounces in one 
year. 
and-in breeding must be the true system of 
breeding. I have never written a line for the 
sake of contention, and never intend to, yet I 
have myviewB and opinions from actual experi¬ 
ence, and when I have learned a valuable lesson 
from that source, it will take more than a bare 
assertion from others to convince me of error; 
but when actual demonstration has shown in- 
that I may be in error, or that others may have 
as good evidence of right by other processes, I 
think I can be as easily convinced of such facts 
as most persons. 
“Stockman ” In his replies to my question, 
("If In-and-in breeding Is so successful, where 
are the descendants and how many are they, 
of Duchess of 1“04, and Duchess of 1810 at this 
date?”) has virtually acknowledged that their 
breeding has not been a success in the manner 
they have been bred. He says: “The reason 
why Sir. Bates left so few at his death is that 
that gentleman bred his Short-horns for repn 
tation; It was a passion of his, and he gave 
his life and work to it. Desirous of proving 
the wisdom of his method, he doubtless, as 
many other breeders have done and do, fed 
and slaughtered every animal that did not 
come up to his ideal. That he would sell any 
inferior animal is not to be supposed for a 
moment or that he would keep one lor breed- 
OUR ANIMAL PORTRAITS 
could afford to pay for. So Mr.-went 
to his own orchard and made an accurate 
sketch of a fine Suffolk sow he had there; 
then, coming to the house, he copied this 
sketch on the same paper, turning it about, 
making certain additions and giving a slightly 
heavier head, and sent the picture off as a pair 
of Chester Whites, male and female. They gave 
excellent satisfaction and served in the public 
prints as portraits of particular pigs of a 
rather famous breeder, carrying about with 
them the well-known initials of the “artist” 
as evidence of their correctness 
The substitution of the picture of one ani¬ 
mal for another, and continuing its use after 
the animal for which it was taken has been 
made beef of, is no more clearly a fraud up¬ 
on the public than i& this method of wo rking 
up a picture to suit breeders’ wishes rather 
than the facts, and picturing what the breeder 
thinks the animal ought to look like, rather 
than the beast itself. Give us a good pho¬ 
tograph and the pictures will be portraits, and 
will fairly show the animals, with “nothing 
extenuated afiff naught set down in malice.” 
Thb Holstein heifer " Lady of the Lake ” 
calved March 30th, 1878. She was imported 
and is owned by Smiths and Powell. 
“Lakeside Stock Farm,” Syracuse. N. Y. 
She has just closed her two-year-old 
IloUtein Cow Lady ot the Lake. 
The accompanying remarkable picture iq an 
exceedingly accurate copy of a photograph of 
an imported Holstein cow, bred in North Hol¬ 
land and imported thence by SmithB & Powell 
in 1878. A person familiar with the distortions 
of photographs taken with instruments ill 
adapted to the purpose, and by “ artists” who 
are no artists, but, on the contrary, poor arti- 
Zius, might construct in bis own mind an im¬ 
perfect idea of what the cow is. He might 
suppose her to be well formed, her hind-quar¬ 
ters to be no Larger than her fore-quarters in 
proportion, her head of a reasonably useful 
size, etc ; but there is no fairness in an artist’s 
doing this—certainly not if he be a conscien¬ 
tious man. How does he know that the hind¬ 
quarters are not. really too small, aud that the 
animal is not artfully posed in this way just to 
convey an idea that she is well proportioned ? 
He cannot tell but that she has an enormous 
head, which bv her position is thus grsatly re¬ 
duced in size. The artist who wishes to bo fair 
has no option but to c.jpy the photograph and 
leave to the photographer the responsibility 
for his own work. In this picture we have an 
extreme case. Whoever posed the cow, we 
suppose, wished to exhibit her excellent es¬ 
cutcheon, well-formed udder and fine tail. The 
photographer bad not a 
suitable Instrument., so _ 
the picture presents a lilinillliniH 
horrible distortion. l| il u| ! | ] | 1 m 
i 111 I ! 11 illlliill 
A proper instrument | | ^ 
for taking animal photo- ' 'I j | 
graphs is quite an expen¬ 
sive one, but such may be !’ 
had. However, a cheap 
common instrument may ! fc , 
be made to answer well , __ / £ 
inthiswsy:—The animal j . 
mu6t be placed faraway ; [ o 
from the camera and :•!». 
against a strongly eon- t | .'V L.3 
trastlng background, so j /Mim, 
that the figure will stand !j it 
out clear and bright, and \\l\ i (j||j 'lilijjgMi 
it is usually best to take l| ijjij 1 ! 1 .; 
the picture in strong sun¬ 
light, and the more nearly 
instantaneous in time the V ... 
better. Such a picture will 
be veiy small, but should ililiBfljiiNife- 
bo clear and well defined 61111116^'^- 
so that it may be enlarged 
to any desired extent. §|§|pPj 
The proportions will be 
more nearly accurate the 
farther awsy the object is. ^ 
One of the best distant 
positions in which an an¬ 
imal can be placed is on 
the sill of a barn-door, 
the doors, of course, be- 
iug open, the sun shining 
full upon the object, and 
the interior of the barn 
proving a nearly black 
background. In this case 
the photographer places 
his instrument at a bight, 
if possible, somewhat 
above the object and as 
far In front of the barn as he can get a picture 
that will bear enlarging. The artists who 
make cattle portraits a business, and require 
a photograph only to give an idea of the ani¬ 
mal’s marklngBand the general look of the head 
and horns,have really an ideal frame over which 
they hang the skin of one cow one day and of 
another the next. What are such “portraits” 
worth but condemnation ? 
One of these cattle drawers once told In 
IN-AND-IN BREEDING. 
Mr. Talcott’n Answer to 11 Stockman 
Homan nature is very weak, and in many 
instances very “precarious.” “Stockman” says 
in the Rural New-Yorker of February 19th. 
“ Mr. Talcott does me great injustice when in 
his communication, (page 84), he says my re¬ 
plies are shifts to avoid a direct answer in one 
way or another.” Had “Stockman” quoted what 
I wrote aud was printed on page 84, I should 
have said nothing more about it. After stat¬ 
ing *uy object in asking him to give the nmn- 
W of animals of tho BateB Duchess family 
now in existence, so that farmers might 
judge of the theory of in-and-in breeding as 
advocated by him, I said:—“Either through 
ignorance or prejudice on my part, I can look 
at his replies iu no other light than as shifts to 
HOLSTEIN COW, LADY OF THE LAKE.— From a Photograph.—Fig. 189 
milk record which is as follows: She 
dropped her first calf at 33£ months of age, 
and before she was two years old gave 45 
pounds 13 ounces of milk in one day, and 
1,284 pounds nine ounces in one month. As 
a twe-year-old she gave 1,344 pounds 11 
ounces lu a month, 7,056 pounds 13 ounces in 
six months, and 13,200 pounds four ounces in 
the year. With one exception (Netherland 
Queen of the Barne herd), this Is largest two- 
avold a direct answer in one way or another.” 
It has seemed to me that " Stockman " has not 
wished, nor does he now wish, to discuss this 
question of iu-and-in breeding, but merely to 
throw down the guantlet of in-and-in breed¬ 
ing as a great bugbear that no one dares to 
contend against; and he refers to Mr. Thomas 
Bates to show what a furore there has been 
with regard to his so-called families of cattle, 
and especially the Duchesses, to prove that in- 
