APRIL 23 
THE RURAL HEW-YORKER 
277 
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
[Continued from page 275-1 
Cotton-need meal and G'nrn-rn eat as Part of a 
Ration Tor Milch Cow*. 
J. M. c., South Jefferson, N. Y, asks, how many 
pounds of cotton-seed or linseed meal are equal to 
100 pounds of oorn meal for the production of milk. 
AN8.—The practical resultsof a food will depend 
upon the combination In which It la fed. In cer¬ 
tain combinations corn-meal would prove more 
valuable than cotton seed meal, perhaps so with 
clover hay; but In Intelligent farmlDg, cotton-seed 
meal will prove much the more valuable. By the 
German standard, one of cotton seed meal is eqnlv- 
alent to over three of corn meal. According to 
this standard the cottonseed would be slightly 
more valuable than the linseed meal. In combi¬ 
nation with corn fodder, cotton-seed meal is found 
to be decidedly more valuable for milk than corn- 
meal. As a safe estimate It may bo put down as 
at least 50 p^r cent, more valuable, and as the dif¬ 
ference lu the market price Is always less, there 
should be no dim cult y la deciding which to pur¬ 
chase. with good hay the difference would be 
less between tho value of cotton-seed and corn 
meal for milk production; but If the value of the 
manure Is Included, It Is prob rbly greater. No 
absolute value In practice can be given until the 
accompanying food Is named. In praotlce, rood 
values rest with the skill of the feeder In making 
his dally rations. We would teed cotton-seed and 
corn-meal mixed added to a corn-fodder and hay 
ration. Corn meal is a valuable butter fdod. 
Grub-ln.ihr-HvAd in Sheep, etc. 
vr. s. if, LaOette, o , asks, 1, for a remedy tor 
grub in the head in sheep: 2 . has the Rural 
Branching Sorghum any saccharine properties. 
Ans.— l, This ailment 19 due to the presence of 
“ hots " In the nasal sinuses or cavities. The • hots" 
are thelirvro of the ah-ep gad fly—cettrus ovls. 
This fly la a slender, l>ee-like insect that lays its 
eggs In the sheep’s nostrils in duly, August and 
September. Tuo gruo wnen hatched from tne egg 
crawls up the nostrils, aud lodges In the sinuses 
or the head where in remains feeding upon the mu¬ 
cus secreted by tho membranes until the following 
Spring. Iu eutarlug the nostrils and leaving 
them the pests causa much Irritation to the sheep. 
In the proper season me fly Bnould be prevented 
from depositing lw eggs in the sheep s nostrils, 
which may be done by smearing tne nose with 
tar diluted with grease, butter, glycerine or mo¬ 
lasses. This either deters the flies from laying 
their eggs or destroys the eggs. It would be well 
also, to plow a rew turrows in tho pasture, and the 
Bheep will Instinctively thrust their noses into the 
loose soil, and this seems to prevent the young 
grubs from crawling up the nostills, a3 they eau- 
not adhere to the dust, and fall to the ground. 
When the grubs are crawling down the nostrils 
early in Spring they may be easily dislodged by 
blowing tobacco smoke into the nose through a 
pipe. 2. Yes, but they have not been determined. 
MlDcellnneouH, 
J. B. K., treat Paulet, Vermont , asks what do we 
think of northern or eastern Georgia for general 
farming.that la, tor producing oats, corn, potatoes, 
butter, cheese, eto. 
Ans — We mu3t decline to recommend any par¬ 
ticular section for settlement. A man's success 
In any place depends eo much on his own abilities 
and character and on so many other conditions 
with which we cannot possibly be acquainted that 
it would be Imprudent In us to give advice In such 
matteis, especially as there is a natural tendency, 
In case of failure, to lay the blame on some one 
else. Georgia, however, Is certainly' not a first- 
rate place either for dairying or raising Irish pota¬ 
toes, though Sherman’s boys found It a splendid 
place for sweet potatoes. 
J. II. V , Moore's Flat, Cal, asks for some pre¬ 
ventive or remedy lor green lice on oabbages and 
turnips. 
Ans —We do not know of any practicable remedy 
for these pests upon oabbages and turnips. Our 
friend probably knows that tobacco water will 
kill them, but the application costs more than It Is 
worth. Belore cabbages begin to head Paris green 
and flour lu the proportion of one to 40 may be 
safely applied. But we do not care to recommend 
this remedy, open as it Is to many Berlous ob¬ 
jections. 
L D , Belmont, Horn Scotia, asks, 1, which Is the 
betttr device tor setting milk—the Ferguson Bu¬ 
reau Creamery, the oooley creamery, or the Lin- 
oolu Channel Can. 
Ans —There Is no choice In either of these 
meihods of &eitlng mUk so far as the yield of 
cream or quality of the butter Is concerned. It Is 
simply a matter of convenience aud of w tter and 
Ice supply The best plan Is to luvestlKaie each 
method and then use one's own Judgement. 
II ll IF . Cohocion, N. V., asks, l, if we are per¬ 
sonally acquainted with the media ot thu Wooster 
Creamery made by M. l>. Chapin, Poultney, Vc,, 
and, s, if the manufacturer Is trustworthy. 
Ans —l. This creamery wuaon exhibition at the 
New York Sta'e Fair lu 18-0. aud luet with favora¬ 
ble commendation irorn crilloal Judges. 2, So far 
as out busloets re]aiIons go with Mr. Chapin, we 
consider him entiiely trustworthy. 
w S. 11. Oxfml, Uich . asks where can Golden 
Grains or J’aiesitne Mammoth Wheat be oDralued 
Ans —Seed may be purchased of D. M. Ferry & 
Co., of Detroit, Mich, or J. .1. 11 Gregory, Marble¬ 
head. Maas. We do not advise you to sow It 
largely. 
y. Q R.. Gustavus, Ohio, asks where cions of the 
Primate Apple can be obtained, and the price per 
dozen. 
Ans.—W e find It In the catalogue of EUwunger 
and Barry, Rochester, N. Y. Price $2 50 perdozon. 
if. L,R. SuO Kosa, Ark. asks whether a specified 
Boston Tea Hi m is uusiworthy. 
ans — Yea. Why not send your name In full? 
Sucn qutries we prefer to auswor by mall. 
IF. U , Thompson station., Venn, Inquires about 
the cultivation, etc., of mangel- wuixrts 
Ans.— See article on thl3 subject under “ Field 
Crops.” 
J. K., Golcomla, ill., sends flower for name 
Ans.—B lrd’s-foot violet—viola pedata. 
RURAL BRIETLET8, 
Ghapk-vine cuttlDgs may now be planted. Let 
them lnolude two eyes and be from eight inches 
to one foot long. Cut Just beneath the lower eye 
and an inch above the upper eye. Place them in 
mellow soil in a slanting position, just so that the 
upper end la left two inches above the surface soil. 
Pack tho earth clou clu about them and cover with 
straw or Utter until frosts are over. 
gooseberry and currant cuttings should be 
treated in the same way. Six Inches are long 
enough for the cuttings, set them where they are 
to grow. They will bear the third year. 
The editor of the Fruit Recorder says :— 
What Is J. T. Lovett trying to bring to life that 
old, worthless, defunct sort, the "Crystal White 
Blackberry," for 7 
It hasn’t a single favorable quality or character¬ 
istic. Plant tender, berry bitter and small, and a 
poor ytelder. See what he says In the Rural New- 
Yorkbr, and as for the specimen berry there rep¬ 
resented, we have grown them years, and have yet 
to see one two tht rda as large as that therein rep¬ 
resented. " Let It rest.” 
This la scarcely just, to Mr. Lovett, who wrote 
what he knew of this burry at our request. On page 
19 of the Rural Mr. Purdy may see a cluster of the 
berries of life-size, drawn in our office from a 
branch sent by a friend, which will prove that the 
single specimen he refers to la no larger than the 
largest of those. Mr. Lovett concludes his re¬ 
marks as follows:-"While It (Crystal White 
Blackberry) is strikingly beautiful in fruit and In¬ 
tensely Interesting, It will ever be valued more as 
a curiosity than anything else.”. 
A reader sends ua the followingNaturally 
I am Interested In the questldn of ensilage; I can¬ 
not help It, I have read somewhat of all that is 
written, and yet I havo not seen the Supreme 
Court sitting on that case yet. My Impression of 
a Supreme Court Is a good herd of cowb telling the 
story through a carerul, palns-taklng, intelligent 
observer, and a candid Judge whose opinion can 
not be bought or sold, I am laterested In settling 
every question connected with agriculture as far 
as possible, and not the least of the many unset¬ 
tled questions is that of ensilage.”. 
It is sometimes said that It la not well to tell 
all one knows. Jn this regard the Rural Is per¬ 
haps open to criticism, ror we are disposed to think 
that It Is always ready to tell all it knows, and a 
captious critic might add, "and more.” But we 
like the policy the longer we follow it, and believe 
that It tendB to Inspire the confidence of our read¬ 
ers ; and In the management of this journal there 
ts nothing we prize more. It may not be modest 
for us to publish the following from a late number 
of the Vermont Watchman, it may be the Im¬ 
pulse of vanity; but It speaks the truth, and that 
son of modesty which Is Incompatible with truth 
is, as a matter of fact, a silly affectation and an 
Incipient fraud. Here’s the article, and our thanks 
are due to the writer thereof:— 
" The Rural New-Yorker Is managed on too 
liberal principles for some people to understand. 
The present publisher, having a fortune behind 
him and great z-nl for the progress of intelligent 
iarmlng and horticulture, has doubled the value 
of hla paper by employing aud liberally paying the 
beat writers, draughtsmen and engravers he can 
And. He has reduced the subscription price from 
$z 50 to $2 a year. He makes annually gratuitous 
distributions or raro and promising new varieties 
of seeds and plants (a work the United States De¬ 
partment of Agriculture assumes to do, but does 
not do so well). He distinctly announces that these 
distributions are lu no sense premiums, but. volun¬ 
tary gifts, made at his own option and in his own 
way and time. This la repeated hi nearly every 
Issue of the paper. Yet he finds among hla sub¬ 
scribers those who insist on these presents being 
sent as soon as they subscribe, saying that they 
•subscribed to get the seeds.’ We don’t wonder 
that the editor feels affronted, says he doesn’t want 
suoh people's subscriptions, and advibos them to 
wait two or three years until his choice novelties 
are tor sale by the seedsmen and nurserymen. 
These presents are valuable, but the subscriber 
who has the bad taste to say to the giver that he 
esteems them above hla Bplendld weekly, deserves 
to be snubbed.”.. 
BOORS, CATALOGUES, ETC. 
Everett & Gleason, 34 South Market St., Bos¬ 
ton, Mass. A very neat and comprehensive cata¬ 
logue and retail prloe-Ust of vegetable and flower 
seeds, herb, free and grass seeds, seed grain, flow¬ 
er roots, eto. We take pleasure In wishing this 
new Arm success. Mr. Gleason has had 17 years 
experience In the seed business, and was oq6 of 
the Arm of R. H. Allen <te Co., of this city until 
the present firm was formed. Mr Everett was re¬ 
cently of the Arm of Soblegel, Everett a co , of 
Boston, and has had 37 years' experience. They 
are both, we believe, enterprtslug, capable, trust¬ 
worthy men. The cataloguea will be sent without 
charge to those ot our readers who apply to them. 
Proceedings of the New Jersey State Horticul¬ 
tural Sooiety at Its sixth annua’, meeting held at 
Newark, Feb. 10th and 11th, last. E. Williams, Re¬ 
cording Secretary, Montclair. N J ; J. T. Lovett, 
Corresponding Secretary, Little Sliver, Mon. Co,, 
New Jersey. 
Gkokgk Such, South Amboy, N. J. Catalogue 
of bedding plauta, and of French Hybrid Gladio¬ 
lus. Catalogue of rare plauts for the hothouse 
and greenhouse lncludlt g palms, orchids, ferns, 
etc., may be had on application. 
Proceedings of the American Pomoioglcal So¬ 
oiety, Seventeetli Session held In Rochester, N. Y., 
Sept. lTth, isch aud 19th, 1879. Robert Manning, 
Sec’y, Salem, Mass. 
Eiouth Annual Report of the New Jersey state 
Board of Agriculture. P. T. Quinn, Secretary, 
Newark, New Jersey. 
Proceedings of the Western New York Horti¬ 
cultural Society of the twenty- sixth annual meet¬ 
ing held at Rochester, January 2 fith and 27th, 1881 . 
P. C. Reynolds, Rochester, Secretary. 
fitfearg fpisttUaug. 
[Published by request.] 
DRIVING HOME THE COWS, 
Out of the olover and the blue-eyed grass 
Ho turned them into the river lane; 
Oue after another he let them pass, 
And fastened the meadow bars again 
Under tho willow? and Over the hills, 
Ha patieutly followed their sober pace, 
The merry whistle for once was still. 
And something shadowed the sunny face. 
unly a boy ! and his father had said 
He newer would let hla youngest go: 
Two already were lying dead. 
Under the feet of the trampling foe. 
But after the evening work was done, 
And the frogs were loud in the meadow swamp, 
Over his shoulder he slung his gun 
And stealthily followed the foot-path damp; 
Across the olover and through the wheut. 
With resolute heart aud purpose grim. 
Though cold was the dew on tho hurrying feet. 
And the blind bats’ flitting startled him. 
Thrice since then had the lane been white, 
And the orchard sweet with apple bloom; 
And now when the cow a came back ut night. 
The teeble father drove them home 
For news had come to the lonely farm 
That three were lying where two had lain; 
And the old man’s tremulous, palsied arm 
Could^uever lean on a son’s again. 
The Summer day grew cool and late; 
Ho went for the ojws when the work was done. 
But down the lana, as he opened the gate. 
He saw them coming, one by one: 
Bnndle, Ebony, Speckle and Bess, 
Shaking their boros in the evening wind , 
Cropplug the buttercups out of the gra-s— 
But who was It following close behind ? 
Loosely swinging in the Idle air 
The empty sleeve of army blue; 
And worn and pale, from the crisping hair, 
Looked out a face that the father knew. 
For Southern prisons will sometimes yawn. 
And yield their dead to life again; 
And the day that comes with a cloudy dawn 
In golden glory at last may wane. 
The great tears sprang to their meeting eyes. 
For the heart must speak whenthelips are dumb; 
And under the silent evening skies 
Together they followed the cattle home. 
ADVENTURES OF AN ANTEDILUVIAN 
In The Land of Promise, 
BY JAMES M’HEILL. 
(Continued from page 2t>2.) 
"These objections to the system” replied Mr. 
Gllnden "presented some complicated difficulties 
In the early stages of Its operation, but they have 
almost completely lost their force now. Inven¬ 
tions and discoveries, formerly, Indeed, did pro¬ 
duce complete revolutions In some branches ot 
trade, so that there had to be much changing 
about from one trade to another among our peo¬ 
ple In order to equalize labor and Its reward. The 
object, ot endeavor then, was to reduce labor by the 
aid of machinery so that the Individual might have 
the greater portion of his rime for mental improve¬ 
ment and the pleasures of social intercourse, it 
was found that four hours a day devoted by each 
citizen to hla particular occupation was sufficient 
for the requirements of society, aud necessary for 
the physical well being of the Individual, and 
when this limit wa3 reached In the different 
branches of trade, the stimulus to invention and 
dlscoveiy In the useful arts was withdrawn and 
this disturbing element has had little influence on 
the business of the country for four or five hun¬ 
dred years. 
" By your second objection 1 suppose you refer 
to the fact that there may be some In the com¬ 
munity, who if a living were assured to them, 
would, perhaps throw upoa their family or 
their neighbors the burden of the olden time, we 
would indeed meet same difficulties In this objec¬ 
tion. you must hear In mind, however, that the 
standard of morality is as high among ua a Blngle 
citizen who would not scorn to shirk any duty 
which he owed to his family or society. 
“ As to the complicated machinery of govern¬ 
ment necessary to preserve this system In its In¬ 
tegrity, 1 may say, this objection Is met by what 
I have Jusr, said In regard to the standard of mor¬ 
ality among our people, in ract our government 
scarcely deserves t he name of government, for the 
Intelligence and morality of our people so direct 
and oomrol their conduot that few laws are re¬ 
quired, and these have only to be known to be 
obeyed. It is the views of men, which result 
Horn the unrestrained aotlvity of their selfish and 
animal natures which require law. Id a com¬ 
munity whet e the moral and intellectual powers 
of the people are so habitually active that these 
inferior feelings are kept under oontrol every In¬ 
dividual ts a law unto himself, and neither statues 
nor the power to enforce them Is required, or 
what use would be laws against murder among a 
people where murder is unknown and what need 
Is tnere of laws against theft when every individ¬ 
ual is honest or oi laws against violence or fraud 
and deception of uny kind where every citizen is 
the soul of honor and Integrity, 
"Wipe out from a nations statute books the 
laws which relate to these subjects, and what. Is 
there left 1 The mere skeleton of a constitution 
which prescribes the form of government, its offi¬ 
ces and their dutlea. 
• Com plica ted machinery,’ as a term applied to 
government was very expressive and full of 
meaning tn the olden time, but It has lost Its ap- 
propropilateness now. Then the law-makers 
were law-breakers no less tbaD the great mass 
of the people for whom the laws were made, and 
those who executed the law had to be hedged 
about and governed by t.be Jaw even with greater 
vigilance than the people themselves. But amoDg 
us no security Is exacted from a public officer for 
the falthrul discharge of his duties. ALd that 
complicated system of checks and balances which 
formerly made every officer of the goverment 
subject to the watchful scrutiny ot some outer 
officer has long since rallen Into disuse. Tn fact 
that old question, whether that government which 
governs most or least governs bear, hits long since 
been aolved In our experience, by the elevation of 
the moral and intellectual standard of our people, 
so that the wisdom and virtue of each chlzen 
shall leadhlm to do right ot Ills own free will. 
" But even If any ot our citizens should dertre to 
accumulate wealth bey -nd the needs of life, such 
as they are regarded among us. It wonld be Impos¬ 
sible for him to do so, because our habits and 
modes of life are founded upon such stable princi¬ 
ples that demand, supply and value remain the 
same from generation to generation. 
" I Imagine the people of each ward ot our city 
united by a social compact, by w hleb they agree to 
patronize only tho tradesmen and manufacturers 
of their ward, and that, the different occupations 
are skillfully divided that there Is enough or busi¬ 
ness for each to give the same net income to all. 
Thus If it has been found by experience that ten 
grocers can maintain themselves in the ward by 
their business, in a style which corresponds with 
that ot the people in general, the trade of the ward 
In their particular llue Is equally divided among 
them. If there are eight tailors, one-eighth of the 
population patronize each. 11 there are she boot¬ 
makers, each receives a sixth of the tustnees, and 
so of all other oe«upitlous, 
" As there are no fluctuations tn our population, 
few changes of fashion, and great uniformity In our 
habits aud modes ot life, the tailor kuows exactly 
how many suits ot clothes he will have to make 
to supply his customers, the hatter hew many hats> 
the boot-maker how unmy boors, the cloth manu¬ 
facturer how much cloth, aud even the farmer 
knows how much land to put under each orop so 
as to Insure a ready sale for hla produce, while 
the prices are so arranged that a uulrorm Income 
Is assured to everyone. Extend this system so 
that It shall embrace the Inhabitants of the coun¬ 
try In conjunction with those of their nel ghbortng 
city and you will have thu explanation of your 
query. You wlli be also able lo comprehend one 
Important reason for that uniformity of social con¬ 
dition which 1b the great source of our happiness 
as a people.” 
“ But, sir,” said l, " are there no natural causes 
which sometimes completely subvert the regular¬ 
ity of this grand system ot supply and demand ?” 
A very wet or a very dry season even in the aparae- 
ly-settled countries of the olden time someilmes 
produced a famine, and what must be the effect of 
such seasons on a country like this, which has so 
nearly reached the llmltof Its productive Capacity 
that It could not possibly sustain its Inhabitants 
If they were increased by the addition of nut one 
member to each family 
"You must remember, my dear sir," replied 
Mr. Gllnden. " that many things which were mat¬ 
ters of ignorance and chance co the people of the 
olden time have become matters ft knowledge and 
•ertalnty to us. The vicissitudes of storm and 
sunshine, cold aud heat are controlled by laws as 
immutable ua those which govern the other de¬ 
partments of creation. Our ancestors did not know 
these laws aud of course could not modify their 
conduot so as to make It harmonize wliii them. 
They sowed their seed In the Spring time, hut 
could not tell whether they should reap twenty, 
thirty, fifty or a hun red fold or whether their 
labors should result in total failure. 
“Now our knowledge gives ua such a complete 
mastery over our soli and the causes which mtd.fy 
lta productiveness that every farmer Is as well as¬ 
sured or his regular income as the hat-maker or 
the tailor. There are no rote, blights, bugs, 
worms and beetles to dest roy our crops. Those 
are only the parasites of lmperrect. modes of culti¬ 
vation. While our knowledge of the laws winch 
govern climatic changes Is so complete that stoi m 
and sunshine are sufficiently under our control to 
Insure uniform results to the tiller of the soli.” 
“ What 1" 1 exclaimed, "puny mau control the 
elements of heaven!" 
" Sufficient for our purpose,” replied Mr. Glln¬ 
den. " There Is not a cloud which overshadow s 
the sun. or a drop of rain which falls (o ihe earth, 
but la governed In all l’s movements by uniform 
and immutable laws, which depend upon the con¬ 
dition of things on the earth aud their relai ion to 
the atmosphere. Our progress In science has 
made us familiar with the causes wbich produce 
atmospheric changes, and enabled ua to suptfly 
that condition of things which Is favorable to such 
an alternation of storm and sunshine as will best 
promote the growth of the products of the soil." 
"Th'e Is, indued, wouderrul!” I exclaimed. 
“ What a blessing It would b • to my country If I 
could only carry this knowledge back to it. And 
If I could Introduce among my countrymen your 
marvelous Bysiera of supply and derntnd so that 
a good living might be assured to every one. I 
would doubtless have a monument erected to my 
memory as one of the greatest benefactors of my 
race. 
" There are 6ome serious drawbacks, however, 
to this system which naturally present themselves 
to my mind. And, first, are there not Inventions 
and discoveries continually being made which 
have a tendency to increase production anddimln- 
lsh the hours oflabor m many branches of traae, 
and thus cause great Inequality m the amount 
of effort which your citizens of different trades 
must put forth to gain a livelihood ? And has this 
system not a tendency to produce ltuclMty and 
lessen enterpr tse and thus throw upon the shoul¬ 
ders of soma ot your citizens a greater buroen than 
they should justly bear ? And surely a compli¬ 
cated machinery of government must be re¬ 
quired t,o preserve this system in such a condition 
