Vol. XL.- No. 1637.} 
NEW YORK, JUNE 11, 1881. 
(PRICE FIVE CENTS 
l $2.00 PER YEAR. 
[Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1881, by the Rural New-Yorker, in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.] 
• \ : 
Ifi*' r- - v -> 
4»nB| 
ern engineering skill. The reclaimed land 
sold iof an average price of 1.434 florins per 
acre, and this Polder has at the present time a 
population of 7.249 There were many smaller 
HOLSTEIN, OR DUTCH FRIESIAN CAT- lakes and numerous marshes, which have 
TLE been reclaimed and are now known as Polders. 
The land is extremely fertile bat quite moist, 
professor i. p. robbrts. and j B therefore not adapted to grain- 
raising, but is admirably fitted for producing 
Holland, or more properly speaking, the grasses. 
kingdom of the Netherlands, the native conn- Immense and costly dykes prevent the en¬ 
try of these cattle, coutaius 13.000 square miles croachments of the sea, and a multitude of 
while New Tork contains 47 000 square miles. gigantic wind-mills pump the water from the 
It is divided into 11 provinces and has a popula- lower levels to the higher, whence It finds its 
tlon of about 3.500,000. Tbls country is the way through the large canals to the sea. Us- 
lowest in the world, the greater portion of it ly- ually no fences are required, as large ditches 
ing below the sea-level. The draiuage of defiue the boundaries of fields and farms. These 
Haarlem Mcer, a lakeeighteen miles loug, nine being nearly full of water and very soft In the 
wide and fourteen feet deep, begun in 1840 and bottom, restrain the cattle most effectually. It 
completed in 1853 at a cost of eight million is estimated—how accurately I cannot tell— 
florins, was one of the greatest feats of mod- that the land of the Netherlands has cost two 
and a half times as much to reclaim it as it fancy in the United States just now is black and 
wonld sell for in the market to-day. white not mixed, but with margins distinctly 
With scarcely an exception, all the cattle of d fined aud the former color predominating, 
this breed imported into the United S ates The dark color, when a j it black, adds some- 
have come from the two provinces of No.th what to their beamy; but some claim that ani- 
Holland and Friesland ; the lower lands furnish- rnals thus mar ced are not such good handlers 
ing by far the best specimens. The breed has as are those of a brownish-black tinge. Va- 
been formed by surroundings and circum- rioua circumstances combine to enable the Hol- 
stances rather than by a few scientific breed- lander to keep an immense number of cattle: 
ers, like Colling, B ttes aud Booth. They are his land is very productive and is all devoted 
without doubt the most aucient of all modern to grass; the grass is fed to the cows and 
breeds, since history gives no intimation of young cattle along with some purchased con- 
any other breed or sub-breed occupying the centrated food. In fact, the number of aui- 
Low Countries prior to these variegated black- i mals in some districts is so great as to be al- 
and-white D.itch cattle. In the last hundred most beyond belief. 
years they have been improved in form and These cattle, without written pedigrees, 
milking qualities, not by auy admixture of without a single eminent scientific breeder, 
blood, but by more careful selection and better and in iuxUposltion to other breeds, have 
care, food and stables. Within the last twenty not oc)y presevered through long years their 
years the beat breeders have been breediug purity of blood, but have steadily improved in 
towards more uniform colors. The prevailing valuable qualities. This is owing to the fact of 
irriisraait. 
