438 
oats or rye raised. There are 500 acres of 
Donra, against 800 last year; SO acres of In¬ 
dian corn, against 12 acres last year. Yield 
will be 10 per cent, less than last year on dry 
land, irrigated land will equal last year’s yield. 
Wheat on dry land will average 18 bushels 
per acre; on irrigated lands50 bushels. Barley 
will yield 15 bushels on dry land and 50 bushels 
on irrigated lands. Indian corn, 15 or 20 
bushels. Sanders is in the exact geographi¬ 
cal center of our State. ’Tis 183 feet above 
the ocean level, in the “ Great Valley" of Cal¬ 
ifornia. We had 13 76 inches of rain last Win¬ 
ter. Have had no rain for two months now— 
nor will we have any more till November. 
The harvesting is about half done. I can see 
from the window by whieh I’m writing 13 
headers at work. Each is run by from 12 to 
16 horses (including teams hauling the grain) 
and cuts from 20 to 35 acres per day. Grain 
is already being thrashed and put upon the 
market. Wheat—Propo, Chili, Sonora (Red 
Mexican) Club and Australian ; barley, com¬ 
mon six rowed ; Douia, branching white; 
Indian corn, white and yellow dent. Doura 
will yield about the same as last year—from 
25 to 100 bushels per acre. The crop of raisin 
grapes will be immense. Apricots are less 
than a half crop owing to late frosts. Peaches 
about two-thirds of a crop. Apples do.—for 
same reason. Peaches a full heavy crop. 
Nectarines a heavy crop—they always are; 
never fail. Too hot for currants or goose¬ 
berries. Strawberries, blackberries, and rasp¬ 
berries full heavy crops. w a. b. 
Watsonville, Pajaro Valley, Santa Cruz 
Co.—The acreage of wheat in the counties of 
Santa Cruz, Monterey, San Luis and Santa 
Barbara is less this year than la6t, owing to 
wet weather at seeding time. The yield will 
be about one-half what it was last year and 1 
think that is about the way it will averege all 
over the State. The kinds we raise are Sonora, 
White Australia, Propo, Snowflake, Club and 
Odessa. The acreage of barley is larger than 
lastyear and is looking3nd yielding well. The 
oat crop is light but good. Corn about the same 
as last year, looking well. The apple crop is 
very light; in San Jose, one of our main apple 
sections, the crop is almost a failure—too many 
scale bugs. Cherries a large crop; peaches a 
good one. Apricots and plums fair. Small 
fruits big crops. j. a. b. 
Canada. 
Ingersoll, Ontario Co.—Wheat acreage 
larger than last year; but under an average— 
Clawson and Fultz, Oats, peas and barley 
average cropB. Corn poor; acreage double last 
year's. Hay a light crop. Apples under an av¬ 
erage ; small frnit prospect good. o c. 
Maitland, Ont.—Crops are looking grand. 
Fall-sown wheat is extra-fine. Hay, too is 
splendid. E . K . 
Colorado. 
Dbkh Vallkt, Arapahoe Co.—I am living 
at an altitude of 600 feet. The days are warm 
but the nights cool. The Winters are less se¬ 
vere than in the valley. I am located about 
50 miles Bouthweet of Denver, and about 60 
miles east of Lead vide. There are but few 
farms hereabouts ; and while oats, wheat, rye, 
barky and peas all do well, they are raised 
mostly lor feed. The mountains are more 
adapted for stock than for farming, and a 
large proportion of the grain is cut before it 
matures, to be used as fodder^luring the snow 
storms in Winter, and yet not one-half of the 
stock ever gets a mouthful of either hay or 
grain. Corn is not raised in the mountains, as 
the nights are too cool. It grows weil in the 
valley in the vicinity of Denver. There are no 
orchards here yet. Some are trying small 
fruits with success. I have some which are 
looking very well. Potatoes are one of our 
best crops ; 1 have raised them for several 
years; nothing seems to disturb them except 
grasshoppers and they will only eat potatoes 
when everything else is gone. The Colorado 
beetle I have never seen. All of the more hardy 
vegetables do well, such as beets, parsnips, 
turnips. The acreage under crops is hardly 
greater than it was last year, as the farmers 
are limited in land which is suitable for culti¬ 
vation, and it is all sown every year. c. m. t. 
Florence, Fremont Co.—The area of wheat 
in this section iB estimated at about five hun¬ 
dred acres; the average yield per acre is about 
45 buBhel; of oats about the same; no barley 
or rye. The prospects for corn are good, and 
the yield will befrom ten to fifteen bushels per 
acre more than last year. The outlook for or¬ 
chards and small fruit is also good, although 
not much of either is grown here, but a great 
many orchards were planted this 8pring. j c. 
Golden, Jefferson Co.—At least onc-thiid 
more wheat was sown this year than last, ard 
the prospect is gord for a fair crop—White 
Siberian. A quarter more oats—black or 
mixed; outlook fair; very little lye ; mid¬ 
dling. Corn, ditto, ditto. a B . 
Dakota. 
Alexandria, Hanson Co.—The acreage of 
wheat, barley and ilax iu this^county is about 
ten per cent, greater this year than last, and 
that of oats about five per cent.fc.Tbe outlook 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
for all is good for a full average yield per acre. 
The acreage of corn is about the same, but the 
prospect is better, because this year we planted 
on old ground and last year on sod, and the 
season being very dry tbo crop was not a good 
one. Vegetables grow very rapidly and luxu¬ 
riantly. The country is still too newly settled 
for orchard or small fruits, but in the course 
of a few years I've no doubt there will be 
plenty of fruit grown here. h. b. h. 
Hill City, Pennington Co. — This is not 
properly an agricultural section of the Black 
Hills. There are only about a dozen ranches 
within twelve miles of my place. I am situa¬ 
ted in the heart of the best mining district in 
the southern hills. What crops are planted 
are looking splendid. But a small amount of 
wheat is sown. Oats, barley and potatoes are 
the chief productions, of which the increase is 
about double the amouut put in last year—say 
300 or 400 acres. No corn ; this place is at too 
high an altitude. No orchards and uo small 
fruits except wild raspberries and strawber¬ 
ries. Our ranches are situated on creeks, and 
are of a rich alluvial soil. Oats yield from 50 
to 100 bushels per acre; barley from 30 to 60 
bushels; potatoes from 200 to 400 bushels. 
Peas aud almost all kinds of garden truck (ex¬ 
cept tomatoes, beans, cucumbers and meloue) 
grow aB well as in any part of the United 
States. o. h. w. 
Florida. 
Lonowood, Orange Co.—No wheat, barley 
or rye. In Winter some oats are sown for fod¬ 
der, hut very seldom for the seed. Tiny would 
hardly pay cultivation. Generally rice is sown 
on low lands, and yields from 15 to SO bushels 
per acre. Some corn is raised for home use, 
and it pays well on hummock lands, The av¬ 
erage yield is from 45 to 50 bushels on hum¬ 
mocks and 10 to 15 bushels on pine lands. The 
acreage is one-third more than last year’s. 
Market gardening was a success this year ; the 
season was three weeks later than usual, but 
priees were high; the acreage was double that 
of last year. The prospects for the orange 
crop are very good; but we shall have few 
guavas, the frost having killed many bushes 
to the ground. Pomegranates, figs and grapes 
will pay vety well. The White Elephant did 
well on my pine laud. k t. 
Tampa, Hillsborough Co —Wheat, oats, bar¬ 
ley, jye, etc,, are not raised to any extent in 
our section. Experiments have thus far proved 
our soil ill adapted to their successful growth. 
Owing to a very unfavorable season the corn 
crop this year will be a failure; acreage in¬ 
creases with the yearly increase of settlement. 
Northern orchard and Email fruits are not 
grown to any great extent with us. Of late years 
orchard fruits have been introduced, but as yei 
with no satisfactory results. Strawberries will 
do well in favored locations, but want of trans¬ 
portation will prevent their being cultivated 
for market for some time to come. .t. a j. 
Kansas. 
Baxter Springs, Cherokee Co.—An in¬ 
creased acreage was given to wheat last 
Full, but a considerable part of it was win¬ 
ter-killed aud the chinch hug has materially 
injured moat fields—Black Sea or Mediterra¬ 
nean and Walker. Oat acreage small and out¬ 
look poor. Corn outlook is good ; acreage 
somewhat above last year’s, as many farmers 
plowed under fields of winter-killed wheat and 
planted corn. Apples a medium crop; peaches 
none; strawberries good ; raspberries fair ; 
blackberries mostly winter-killed ; flax acreage 
pretty large and outlook good. l. t. s 
Vine Creek, Ottawa Co—Not as much 
wheat sown as last year. As usual, most of 
what was sown is killed ont. Of oats, barley 
and rye none ib sown in this section. The 
prospect for corn is good ; there is about 100 
per cent, more planted than there was last 
year. There will be some small fruit; orchards 
are too young yet to bear. j. c. d. 
Kentucky, 
Long Run, Jefferson Co.—Acreage of wheat 
and oats greater than last year; wheat quite 
poor; oats, prospect good. Barky acreage 
greater; prospect fine. Rye acreage lees, and 
prospect bad. Corn acreage about an average, 
and looking backward, owing to late 8pring 
and bad seed; a great many had to plant a 
second or third time. Wheat principally Med¬ 
iterranean and Fultz. The prospect for fruits 
is very good. j. l. g. 
Michigan. 
Manton, Wexford Co.—Crops are looking 
very well except grass which will not be half 
a crop. Clover from new seeding, however, 
will be about two-thirds of a crop. Wheat 
well headed; rather short and thin; not as 
good as last year; acreage nearly double as 
much—mostly Clawson with a llitle Diehl. 
Oats look well; about one third more sown 
than last year. Barley and rye but very lit¬ 
tle sown in this countiy. Prospect for corn 
is good; acreage about the same as last year. 
Orchard and small fruits are good, what there 
is. Ten years ago this wrb almost au un¬ 
broken wilderness, and as the G. R. and J. R. R. 
Co. owns every second section it keeps the 
country from settling up as fast as it other¬ 
wise would, but it is settling up very fast 
nevertheless. d. c. o. 
Mississippi, 
Belmont, Tishomingo Co.—Not one farmer 
in thirty sows any wheat. Oats are on the in¬ 
crease, 10 per cent, more having been 60 wn 
this year than last; no rust as yet. Barley 
doesn’t dowel) here. Only as much rye as 
wheat, because farmers do not know how to 
put it to use. The prospect for corn is exceed¬ 
ingly good—an increase of acreage over last 
year of about 30 per cent. The outlook for 
orchards is greatly on the increase. A great 
many orders were sent last Spring to the Nash 
ville nurseries. Small fruits are altogether 
neglected. Corn and cotton are the main 
crops, though cotton of late is yielding to 
corn; farmers are getting tired of buying 
their meat and bread from the great North¬ 
west. A. J. B 
Missouri. 
Chillicothe, Livingston Co.—Wheat badly 
winter-killed ; corn, our main crop, like oats 
grass and potatoes, is doing well. No barley 
and but little rye. Apples and small fruit not 
very promising. s. c. 
Nebraska. 
Beaver Citt, Furnas Co.—A fair idea of 
our average crops in this whole section could 
not be given by comparing this year’s with 
those of last, as all crops were then a failure 
on account of the drought, and half the settlers 
on thaL account left the country. Indeed 
none remained except those dwelling along 
the streams. Wheat now promises a large 
crop, OrasB Wheat for both Winter and Spring 
with some Early May. Oats barley and rye 
are good, but little is grown from want of 6eed 
The prospect for corn is good. Every farmer 
has planted from 10 to 100 acres where there 
was none at all last year. No fruit is to be 
found here yet, except the wild sorts of which 
there is plenty of currants, grapes and 
plums. c. e. s. 
Nemaha Co. — In tbiB county Fall wheat 
is almost a failure. Spring wheat looks 
fair ; the acreage will compare favorably with 
former years — White Missouri and Grass. 
Oats, rya aud barley good; but not much 
sown. Corn looks well, but it is late, owing to 
heavy Spring rains; acreage 10 per cent, above 
any iormer year. Apples a light crop; peaches 
a failure; email fruits, fair. a. o. 
Oakdale, Antelope Co.—The acreage under 
small grains must be at least one-third more 
than last year’s; outlook is good for wheat 
oats, barley and rye. Wheat, Grass; oats, 
common white, Norway and Surprise. The 
prospect for corn is very good ; the acreage 
compared with last year’s, is about twice as 
large. The prospect for orchard and small 
fruits is very good. All kinds of trees are 
growing very fast. j. b. 
Texas. 
Bosqueville, McLennan Co.—This section 
of Texas possesses the advantages of a good, 
healthful climate, productive lauds, both tim¬ 
bered and prairie, abundance of fine water, 
and splendid mountain scenery. Railroads are 
penetrating the country from almost every 
direction. The acreage for wheat, oat6 and 
other small grains is the same as last year’s. 
Harvesting finished and grain in flue condition; 
the yield, however, will be less than an aver¬ 
age. The varieties of wheat generally sown 
are the Red May and Mediterranean and a lit¬ 
tle Tappahannock. The prospect for corn is 
very good; acreage about the same as last 
year’s. Thi6 iB a new country, aud but little 
attention is given to the culture of fruits; ap¬ 
ples and pears have usually failed; peaches, 
plums and grapes have given general satisfac¬ 
tion. A. Q. P. 
Pine Hill, Rusk Co.—The acreage of corn 
compared with last year is about 102 to 105; 
crop well worked and doing finely; good stand ; 
about as early as last year. Roasting earB will 
be beautiful by the Fourth of July. Oats about 
as last year in quality and quantity, harvesting 
commenced; wheat gets so little attention that 
it is not worth describing; hut little grown. 
Barley sown only to graze stock. Rye about 
the same, though all but wheat do well here. 
Very few peaches in this county. A tolera¬ 
ble crop of apples—not good. Small fruits in- 
jured by frost. e, e. l. 
Utah, 
St. George, Washington Co —Strictly speak¬ 
ing, Southern Utah is not a grain grow¬ 
ing district, it is more Bui table for fruits, 
hay, cotton, sorghum and garden truck. In 
fruits, we grow to great perfection all that are 
at home in the temperate zone, besides figs, 
almonds, pomegranates, and nearly all of the 
varieties of exotic grapes. Wheat, oats, barley 
and rye grow in perfection, and the area of 
wheat is usually large, and yields aboul. au 
average of 25 bushels to the acre. The grain 
is of fine quality, but not enough is growu to 
supply home demand, and scarcely enough of 
oats and barky, us large quantities are re¬ 
quired for feed in working the silver, copper, 
coal and iron mines—all the varieties best able 
to stand drought, and dry hot weather are 
chiefly used, Buch as "Club Head," "Taos" 
JULY 2 
(Touse), etc. The prospects for a corn crop 
are good ; the quick-ripening varieties are 
usually planted. Two crops a year are usually 
grown, unless it, is planted after the wheat 
crop. The acreage of corn and small grains is 
much larger than last year, and the prospects 
of crops are far better, there having been a 
greater rainfall during the present season than 
during the last. The outlook for orchards and 
vineyards was never better than at this season. 
Berries and small fruits, however, are not 
grown to a great extent on account of scarcity 
of water and lack of humidity in the atmo¬ 
sphere. The chief products here are wine. 
Alfalfa (or Lucerne) hay, fruits, sorghum aud 
honey, which are marketed in the raining re¬ 
gions, and cotton for the home factory. The 
dried peaches, prunes aud grapes of Southern 
Utah are superior to those of most other re¬ 
gions and our pears are unexcelled, j. e. j. 
Virginia. 
Richmond, Henrico Co.—Wheat is a big 
’ crop; acreage larger than last year’s. Winter 
oats is a poor cropSpring oats is short but 
well filled; rye is good. The prospect for corn 
is good and the acreage is larger than last 
year’s. Apples and small fruits plentiful; 
cherries ripe; apples getting ripe; currants 
aud berries, ditto. Potatoes, both sweet aud 
Irish, look well. Iluy is a good crop here and 
is all cut, and so are wheat and oats. f. c. 
Wisconsin. 
Green Bay, Brown Co.—Growing crops look 
exceedingly well, and inspire the farmer with 
hopes of a bountiful harvest. In consequence 
of the failure of last year’6 wheat crop, on ac¬ 
count of the ravages of the chinch bug and 
other insect pests, and the unfavorable weath¬ 
er, a less quantity of wheat was sown for this 
season. Winter wheat suffered considerably 
on accouut of the extremely cold weather in the 
fore part of Winter, without the protection of 
suow—White Russian, Silver Chaff and Claw¬ 
son ; Scottish Fife Is almost exclusively used 
for 8pring sowing. The acreage of rye and 
barley has been largely increased; outlook 
good. Corn also has an increased acreage, 
although it has never been a staple crop here¬ 
abouts. Grass looks well and promises a heavy 
hay crop. I have my first cut of Lucerne well 
cured and dry in barn. G. e. t. k. 
<0% florist, 
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
Cotton Seed for Cows. 
,7. 11., Lawrence, Texan, sends us a specimen 
of cotton seed and asks how much of it a day 
should be fed to each cow, and whether it 
could be considered cheap feed at seven cents 
per bushel of 32 pounds. 
Ans.— The utilization of cotton seed is of the 
highest importance in all the cotton-growing 
States. This Immense product very largely goes 
to waste, though, if well husbanded, it would 
do more to keep up the fertility of these States 
than all the commercial fertilizers purchased. 
Cotton-seed in its natural State, like the speci¬ 
men sent, has two drawbacks—the short adher¬ 
ing cotton lint and the tough husk, rendering 
it less digestible, and yet St has a large value 
as a feeding stuff. If it is to be fed with its 
fiber and husk, It would be best ground with 
other grain—corn, oats, barley, rye or even 
wheat bran. It contains so much oil (30 per 
cent.) that it cannot be ground in an ordinary 
mill with a less proportion than four of corn 
or other grain to one of cotton seed. The pro¬ 
portion of oil is too great to be fed largely as a 
single food. If fed largely to milch cows, It 
would give a disagreeable flavor to the milk 
and butter. Not more thau four pounds per 
day could properly he fed to a cow iu milk. 
Decorticated cotton seed (seed with husk and 
lint taken off) is excellent food in moderate 
quantity, for cows in milk; and the decortica¬ 
ted cake, after the oil is expressed, is largely 
used by dairymen in some of the Eastern States 
—about four pounds per cow per day. Cotton 
seed is a highly nitrogenous food (iu the raw 
State, 23 per cent., and in decorticated cake, 
38 per cent, of albuminoids) and is thus well 
adapted to produce the caseine or nitrogenous 
part in milk. The raw seed has a much great¬ 
er value for Winter feeding than our corre¬ 
spondent mentions (seven cents for32 pounds) ; 
as a part of the food it is worth moie thau corn 
per weight. Its oil and muscle-forming mat¬ 
ter render it very appropriate additional food 
to hay or corn fodder or even straw. It has 
sometimes been boiled to render the husk more 
digestible. When the seed, boiled or raw, is 
fed to cattle, it is well to mix it with cut hay 
or straw or other coarse fodder; but where 
straw-cntteiB are not used, spread a thin layer 
of hay or straw in the bottom of the manger, 
and then spread the seed upon this, and the 
animals will eat more or less hay with the 
seed, which renders the food more bulky iu 
the stomach and therefore more digestible. At 
the price our correspondent mentions ($4 37 
per ton) cotton eeed would be a cheap applica- 
catlon as a manure ; 2,000 pounds of it contain 
