446 
JULY 2 
^railing for for ||ffun:g. 
farming for BOYS AND GIRLS-NO. 26. 
HENRY STEW ART. 
Cattle Food. 
When In a slate ol nature, animals lived In 
plenty on grass In the summer time and halt- 
starved on dry herbage or small branches or trees 
In the Winter. By such reeding they were able to 
rear their young and maintain their existence. 
But In keeping cattle tor profit more than this 
mere increase In number Is required. The tanner 
must make more rrom his cattle, sheep and pigs 
than this, or he cannot live, lie must not only rear 
his young stock, but the mature animals must be 
quickly brought to as great a weight and as line a 
condition as possible, so that they can be sold lor 
much more than the mere value ot the food. It is 
very clear that this can only be done by the U3C ot 
tood richer than grass or hay alone, and the food 
must be given In as large a quantity as tbe animals 
can digest and assimilate. Every ounce ot rood less 
than this causes the animal to be all the longer In 
reaching a profitable condition ior sale, and all 
beyond It 1s waste. It Is then necessary to learn 
how much tood our animals require and to supply 
this to them with the gimtest regularity. 
But foods dllTer In quality and value. We may 
give a cow or an ox dry straw In great abundance 
and the beast will become poorer Instead ot mak¬ 
ing Jlesh or gaining tat. It In place or straw we 
give good hay, the animal will thrive better, but 
will not get tat very last, it at all. It will simply 
keep In lair order. It we teed some bran it will 
do better ; It some corn-meal is given It will do 
better still, and it corn is given until the animal 
can eat no more It will ratten veiy rast. It Is the 
same with a cow that. Is giving milk; with poor 
teed the milk Is poor and there Is little ot It, but 
by giving richer food and plenty of It, the milk Is 
greatly increased and Is made much richer In 
cream and butter. But while some roods have a 
greater effect In tbls way than others, It Is neces¬ 
sary to consider their cost and market value; be¬ 
cause there are times when a farmer may sell hay 
at a good price and reed Btraw with bran and corn- 
meat, or oll-cake meal, at a much less cost, and 
thus save money. 
This is a part ot the business ot farming; tor a 
farmer must be a good business man to succeed 
as well as he may. it Is a mistake to think that 
one must leave the farm and go into a town or 
city, and work In a store, to learn business, As 
much may be done on a farm In this way as In a 
store and as profitably, It the farmer knows how to 
make the best ot hla advantages. And there Is a 
great 3C0pe tor a young man or a young woman to 
become expert In business In farm work. The 
rearing and feeding ot cows aDd beeves, pigs and 
poult ry, the production ot milk, and the making 
o£ butter and cheese, are all business operations 
that pay all the better the more skillfully they 
are managed. A boy may have a few sheep and 
for want of feeding them well In the Winter he 
may hnd the wool is very light and poor and the 
lambs are very weak In the Spring, and the in¬ 
crease ot the flock may not be enough to pay tor 
the hay the sheep bave eaten. A girl may have a 
flock ot hens and tor want of the right kind ot 
tood, there may be no eggs In the Winter when 
eggs are nigh In price; and no early chickens, 
wblcU are worth twice as much as late ones. 
While In either case the fat lambs that sell In the 
market for six, eight or ten dollars In May, and tne 
fresh eggs which sell tor forty or fifty cents a doz¬ 
en in the Winter, are sold by those persons who 
know best how to feed; what foods to use, and 
the best manner of preparing the food for use. 
The rarmer may make more by feeding his crops 
well than by growing them. lie may often make 
more proflt by buying some extra tood which can 
be had cheap and feeding it to some extra animals 
with ms straw and hay. some ranners make 
large proflta by growing corn fodder and buying 
corn and bran to teed to cows, Instead of growing 
corn tor them, and some make money by growing 
wheat and barley tor sale, and roots tor feeding, 
and buying corn-meal to teed with the Btraw and 
roots, and buying sheep or cattle in the Fall to oat 
these. Because wheat and barley are worth more 
than corn to sell, and corn Is worth more to feed 
than to sell. But the farmers that do this have 
learned the truth, that the business part ot farm¬ 
ing—whlcu la feeding stock—may be made much 
more profitable, very orten, than growing crops 
and selling them for others to use In feeding. 
-*-*-♦- 
A USEFUL HOUSEHOLD ARTICLE. 
(Prize Drawing.) 
I have noticed that In many instances there Is 
no place In which to keep the family splcesexoept 
loose paper bags, or dilapidated tin cans; and the 
case is much the same with the table knives 
which are usually kept In a box or basket, or loose 
on a shell, In either ease, they are liable to become 
rusty, or covered with dust. The article, which Is 
Jiere described meets both of these wants. 11 may 
be made of ordinary, soft, clear wood, well-sea¬ 
soned, and painted, with the trimming of a darker 
shade, or atalned entirely black-walnut and var¬ 
nished, or It may be constructed ot nard wood, 
with walnut trimmings, and varnished. 11s di¬ 
mensions, exclusive of projections, should be 
about twelve Inches high, twelve Inches long and 
nine inches wide, with a thickness of three-eighths 
or one half an Inch. 
Fig. 322. la a drawing of the article, and Fig. 
321, is a slde-elevatlon of the same. At A, Fig. 
323 is represented one of the receptacles which are 
not Intended to extend back more than five Inches, 
leaving space In the rear for a pair of drawers on 
either side, which will be found very eonvenlent. 
The trout edges of all these drawers overlap the sur¬ 
face of the ease slightly, so that a close joint is made 
when they are shut. The handles used are brass¬ 
headed Bcrewa with rings inserted In their heads. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
The bottoms of the receptacles are set in grooves, 
as shown on the lower edge of I, and the Joints are 
glued, besides being fastened with braas. If so 
desired, the smaller boxes may be fitted with cov¬ 
ers having a thumb notch In each, as at B, and slid¬ 
ing from the rear In grooves In the sides and front. 
F represents the knife case, with Its partition, G, 
In the center, and It, may be lined with some soft 
substance, or a better way is to make racks, show n 
at It, fitting the ease pretty closely, and having 
notches across the lop. lined with a strip of leather 
running down into each. C represents the feet, 
which are put on over-lapping the lower edge of 
the chest, and their moulding, M, is applied to fin¬ 
ish off. L Is a section of moulding which may be 
placed on the front and sides, In tne corner, under 
the projecting edge ot ihe top, which should be 
rounded off along the edges, as well as at the front 
of every drawer. D and E are sections of pieces 
upon which the receptacles slide, and one or which 
they should have at each corner to hold tnem in 
place; the strip, D, Is for this top, bottom and 
nterlor of the case; the other, E, Is for the sides 
LETTERS FROM THE COUSINS. 
Dear Uncle Make.—1 Intended to write and 
join the Club before the “ Free Seed Distribution,” 
so that I might have a share, but as my brothers 
are subscribers for the Rural and have received 
their seeds, 1 shall try to he contented with the 
Dlanthus this year. I am very much Interested In 
the culture of small fruits, flowers, etc., and fully 
appreciated the Hardy Shrub and Tree and Small 
Fruit, specials. I have about an acre of straw- 
Ifoaiirag. 
COMFORTABLE WORDS. 
Thkrb is no human heart but hath desired 
Something- at times beyond life’s petty quest, 
Beyond its daily round; we are so tired. 
Bo hungering for comfort and for rest; 
We see with envious eyes the children pressed 
In ready arms that soothe their childish woe; 
Oh ! that we, too, upon a mother's breast 
Such all-auilioieut love again might know. 
But wliat if, while these hidden longings haiiDt 
Earth’s restless donizung from age to age, 
Filled with self pity at a fannied want 
They spurn a greater love than they can guage, 
Nor pause to gather from the saored page 
The comfortable words for their relief, 
The tiding* meant, all trials to assuage, 
The covenants that arc as balm to grief t 
’Tia strange, 'tia passing strange, we can repine, 
Aud slight the voice which would our craving food • 
We learn to scorn the man that hath a mine 
Of wealth untouched, if poverty he plead ; 
Vet—righteous Judges—do tbe like, who hoed 
So little what Himself, our Maker, saith, 
\\ itli gracious words waiting upon our need, 
“ I, even I, am He that comforteth." 
--*-*—♦-- 
OUR LIVES. 
Ooh Saviour tells ua that the result, of the main¬ 
tenance of our position will be a marked fruitful¬ 
ness, whereby God will be glorified. "He that 
abldcth In Me, and I In him, the same brlngeth 
forth much fruit,” Let us endeavor to interpret 
this statement. Now we are not to understand, of 
course, that the man who Is " out" of Christ, who 
has no personal connection with the Saviour, and 
who, it may be, openly disavows all allegiance to 
Ills name. Is thereby rendered Incompetent to per¬ 
form aet lODS which might, very properly and le¬ 
gitimately, be denominated •• good.” We believe 
most fully that the file of such a person may be 
characterized, and characterized in a marked de¬ 
gree, by Integrity and uprightness, by freedom 
from gross sin, by liberality and open-handedness 
by a kindliness of disposition which shall serve to 
endear him to a wide circle of admiring acquain t- 
ances. We would give honor where honor is due ; 
but at the same time w r e are anxious to dist inguish. 
What the Lord speaks of In this passage are spirit¬ 
ual actions-and those only are spiritual actions 
which flow from the Impulse and Inspiration of the 
Indwelling Holy Ghost, and which have God as 
their ultimate object and end. Ana what our fcord 
speaks of Is “ fruit whereby Ills Father Is glori¬ 
fied and God can hardly be glorified In the con¬ 
duct ot those who repudiate Hla authority and turn 
their backs upon the offers of salvation made to 
them In the name of His Incarnate Bon. It stands 
to reason, does It not? that If a man poms scorn 
and contempt upon God practically hy the rejec¬ 
tion of Jesus (Jurist, God cannot be honored, but 
can only be dishonored by the life that the man 
leads ? 
THE WORKS OF GOD. 
Science teaches us that we lenovv not a millionth 
part of the marvels and wonders of this beautiful 
world. I n fact, It Is science which reveals to us 
that which a little thought prepares us to expect, 
a whole, universe ot Invisible things and powers, 
“ things not seenwe are compelled to believe In 
what we cannot see; we can only see effects, we 
cannot see causes or things. 
It has been truly said that the world of sight In 
which we live is a sort of central point or table¬ 
land, halt waj between the telescope and the 
microscope. But a very large portion of what we 
call the material world is Invisible, composed of 
“ things not seen.” Heat and steam are invisible; 
we ean/f W a ray, and we can aee vapor, that la, 
an Invisible thing rendered visible by contact with 
cold air; but who ever sav\ the mighty giant at 
homu In the boiler, Ihe great moving power of the 
world? The loree which drives a vessel of three 
thousand tons against wind and tide acrOBS the 
Atlantic, or hammers a twenty-ton weight of iron 
Into shape as easily as you would mould a pellet 
of bread between your fingers ? that five nundred 
or thousand horse-power nobody has ever beheld, 
only the vehicle through which it acts. Thus, 
everywhere a light shines guiding the mind to a 
principle ot Divine order and proportion, all things 
turn into windows turough which we may look 
out upon an Infinite presence Devond; ana so, to 
the thoughtful mind, ihe universe becomes another 
universe, and the world another world; It Is all aa 
if mysteriously haunted by a presence of Divine 
unity. 
A BIBLE OLD AND RARE. 
It Is not generally known that In tho Congres¬ 
sional Library, at Washington, there Is an old 
Bible which Is well worth a walk to tho Capitol to 
examine, it is ot Italian origin, and Is supposed 
to have been written In the thirteenth or four¬ 
teenth century, but the actual date Is unknown, 
it, Is written in Latin, upon vellum, In clear, bold 
characters, and extremely uniform, 'i he willing 
Is in two columns, about tnree Inches wide, with a 
margin of two Indies. It Is embellished with 140 
miniature paintings and upward of l,sot) smaller 
Illuminations, which are beautiruliy executed, and 
are as brilliant to-day as the day they were done. 
Tbe Initials of books and prologues are two and a 
halt Inches In bight, and those of tho chapters are 
one Inch in bight. It Is contained In two large 
volumes, and coat the government $ 2,200 in gold 
when gold was at a high premium, and was pur¬ 
chased at a sale of the library of Henry Perkins, 
Ilanworth Park, near Londou, In Juue, is73. The 
skins In the first volume have all been repaired, 
except five; In the second volume they are nearly 
all perfect.—Methodist. 
——-♦ •»♦--—- 
Study Hop Bitters Book, use the medicine, and 
you will be wise, healthy and happy.—Ado. 
fig. 321. 
and corners. H shows the construction of the 
front, and J the manner of Joining the pieces which 
form tho front. N represents a variety or center 
moulding, which may be applied to the front of 
every drawer, as In A, but it Is not, necessary. A 
guard set. tn grooves Oil the top will be found very 
convenient, and some small handles may be 
placed, one on each side, as In Fig. 321. The 
smaller boxes should he lettered or marked In 
some way to show what eaoh contains, and the 
whole makes as userul aud ornamental an article 
as one is likely to meet anywhere 
Chelsea, Mass. C. A. Bcttekwoktu. 
THE PRIZE DRAWINGS. 
This week I have the pleasure of announcing 
the name ot tbe successful competitor for the book 
of poems offered m tbe Rural of Feb. 19, for the 
best drawing of a useful or ornamental article 
combining originality and accuracy. It la C. A. 
Butterworth of Chelsea, Mass. There were only 
five competitors out of our large circle of cousins, 
but the five did well, and no well that I shall for¬ 
ward to the four second best, If I may so say, four 
engravings suitable for framing. I waB especially 
pleased with one who stated that hla drawing was 
the seventh one he had made In trying to attain 
perfection. I wish to encour¬ 
age all who entered the con¬ 
test to persevere in their work 
as the five drawings submitted 
were all highly creditable. 
The successful drawings ac¬ 
companied with description 
appear on this page over the 
author’s name and to him I 
shall send "Songs, Legends and 
Ballads ” by James Boyle 
O’Reilly. o. a- 
THE YOUNG QUERIST. 
FIG. 322. 
berries and If they equal my expectations this sea¬ 
son and far surpass those of E. P. Roe (of whom 1 
obtained my plants) In size and quality. Uncle Mark 
may look for a pressing telegraphic Invitation to 
a “ tea ” composed entirely of strawberries, while 
I shall expect In return a request to fill a large 
order for "choice strawberry plants.” I sold a 
few hundred last FaU and, with more and later 
varieties, shall expect to do a thriving business 
this Spring and Summer. “ Exi-krience.” 
HorneUBVllle, K. Y. 
Dear Uncle Mark :— I am only eight years old, 
but I have only one 1 rother and one sister alive. 
My brother Is mate on a ship that runs from New 
York to Liverpool, and my sister Is a governess in 
Liverpool, In a largo family. She went to England 
with my brother on his last trip. Then I had one 
brother who Is now dead. He was a great landscape 
painter tn the city of London. I don’t know what 
I will be. 1 might be a civil engineer or a member 
of the British Parliament, or a "land leaguer,” 
but I hope not. We have had very cold weather 
here this Winter—30 deg. below zero. Aa I write 
the wind Is blowing hard and the sand has drifted 
In the weeds In some places four feet deep. 
Canada West. g. m. k. 
Dear Uncle Mar k Although we live In town 
we are siudylng agriculture. We expect to go 
West with mamma and papa, and then we will 
C. if. Beer Valley, Col., 
asks, l, If cut-worms Increase 
every year or do they come oc¬ 
casionally ; 2, are Green Globe 
artichokes hardy, or do they 
freeze easily; 3, what are the 
names of the flowers which he 
sent to us ? 
ans— l. Yes, they reproduce 
annually. 2, Very hardy; 3, 
Specimen a la a clematis, or 
virgin’s Bower, 0 is a Delphin¬ 
ium or Larkspur, e is a Slsy- 
rlncblum Or Blue Eyed Grass, 
and d Is an Hellchrysum or 
Everlasting Flower. 
ir. l\ />., Moaning Ford, Vo,., 
1 , sends, for name, some beetles 
BUCh as Infest hla seud turnips, 
and asks the remedy for them. 
2 , Is there a more convenient 
method for removing worms 
from eblckena’ tbroata thau by 
means of a leather. 
Ans.— The turnip ilea^beetle 
olthe lltilUcadre family. 2, We 
know of none which at the 
same time la as efficacious. 
Some recommend shutting the 
chickens In a box, with some 
shavings dipped in spirits of 
turpentine, when the vapor 
arising from the turpentine is 
cure. Creosote may be used In 
P 
Si Q| 
'r 
E 
1 
E 
[ • H 
j 
\ 
{■OH 
said to produce a 
the same manner. 
IF, B, Cherry Valley, N. r., asks If Paris Green, 
London Purple, and Pyrethrum are poisonous to 
human beings; 2 , where can Pyretbrum be ob¬ 
tained. 
Ans.— 1 , Pyrethrum Is not, the other two are; 
2 , Pyrethrum can be obtained at nearly every 
drug-store In the city or country. 
fig. 323. 
want to know how to grow everything pertalnlDg 
to farming. We had a garden of our own last sea¬ 
son and expect, to have a nicer one this season. 
We got our plana laid while It snowed. We like 
the Rural New-Yorker very much, and espe¬ 
cially the pictures and your corner. 
Rantoul, m. archie and Fred Esteil 
- 4 -»»- 
Sour stomach, bad breath, indigestion and head 
ache easily cured by Hop Bitters.—Ado. 
